[Rapid diagnosis of Chlamydia--new methods evaluated].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Bacteriological Techniques↗
Biomedical subjects
K Persson
Publications and source records attributed to K Persson.
Early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal septicaemia in siblings.
At each of two consecutive deliveries, a woman gave birth to a baby that developed early-onset group B streptococcal (GBS) septicaemia. A low titre of serum antibodies to the type of the infecting GBS and persistence of the organism in the mother were demonstrated. This case confirms that mothers of GBS infected infants are at high risk of their future babies being similarly infected.
Adult↗
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) induced inhibition of preganglionic nerve stimulation evoked release of adrenalin and noradrenaline in the pithed rat.
NPY, a peptide with 36 amino acid residues, is co-stored together with noradrenaline (NA) in cardiac and sympathetic perivascular nerves as well as with adrenalin (A) in adrenal chromaffin cells. NPY is released together with NA from sympathetic nerves and with A from the adrenal glands and appears to be involved in the control of sympathetic neurotransmission. The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of NPY on the preganglionic nerve stimulation (PNS) evoked increases in plasma A and NA concentrations in pithed rats. In the first part of the study (I) only one PSN period (2 Hz for 45 s) was performed in each rat and the control group was compared to the NPY treated group. In the second part of the study (II) two PNS periods (1 Hz for 45 s) were performed in each rat, which either received saline or NPY before the second PNS. Thus, interindividual changes between the responses to the first and second PNS in control and NPY rats could be compared. In both study I and II, systemic infusion of NPY (2 micrograms kg-1 min-1 i.v.) significantly reduced the PNS-induced increase in plasma A by 26% and 42%, respectively (P less than 0.05). However, the increase in plasma NA elicited by PNS was significantly reduced only in study II by 23% (P less than 0.05). Infusion of NPY did not affect basal heart rate in either of the studies, but significantly increased basal blood pressure by about 10 mmHg. The blood pressure responses to PNS were significantly greater in NPY treated rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Sequential changes of the plasma-protein pattern in cases of hepatitis A.
The level of 21 plasma proteins was followed in Hepatitis A for two months after onset of icterus. The mean concentration of alpha 1-antitrypsin, orosomucoid, haptoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin increased uniformely during the first week of hepatitis A. Thus, they differ from that of inoculation hepatitis earlier described. The mean curve for IgM was higher in hepatitis A than the corresponding results for inoculation hepatitis during the first week of illness, but because of great inter-individual differences in concentrations IgM determinations can not be used to discriminate between the two diseases in a given case. IgA levels were slightly increased early in hepatitis A but no change in IgG levels was observed. Prealbumin was the best mirror of the patients' recovery or deterioration.
Acute-Phase Proteins↗
Studies of defence mechanisms and inflammatory reactions in the bovine teat using a new experimental method.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Postabortal Chlamydia trachomatis salpingitis: correlating risk with antigen-specific serological responses and with neutralization.
Serum antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis were studied by microimmunofluorescence (micro-IF) testing and by immunoblotting among 52 women with C. trachomatis cervical infection. All women underwent therapeutic abortion, and 10 (19.2%) subsequently developed laparoscopically confirmed salpingitis. Women who developed salpingitis had lower geometric mean titers of micro-IF antibody before abortion (14.9 x/divided by 2.3) than did women who did not develop salpingitis (41.6 x/divided by 4.9, P less than .01). Women who developed salpingitis significantly less often had serum IgA antibodies to a 60-kilodalton (kDa) chlamydial antigen (P = .02) and IgG antibodies to antigens of 75-kDa (P = .008), 60-kDa (P = .03), and 57-kDa (P = .0003). Serum antibodies to 100-kDa, 32-kDa, and 29-kDa antigens occurred only in women who did not develop salpingitis. Differences in antibody prevalence to specific chlamydial antigens were not due to differences in serum antibody titers between the two groups. No correlation between neutralizing sera and the risk of postabortal salpingitis was detected.
Abortion, Therapeutic↗
Contact allergy to the active ingredients of Kathon CG.
The preservative Kathon CG is a commercial preparation, consisting of 2 active ingredients and other components. 28 patients with contact allergy to Kathon CG participated in a study in which patch testing was performed with serial dilutions, and with 5 chromatographically separated fractions. All reacted to fraction IV, and 2 patients also to fraction II. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry identified fraction II and IV to be the active ingredients; 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.
Dermatitis, Contact↗
Longitudinal study of group B streptococcal carriage during late pregnancy.
152 women were cultured for group B streptococci (GBS) weekly from the 37th week of gestation and at admission to hospital for delivery. Matched rectal, urethral and urine specimens were collected for study (mean 4 times). In the 37th week of gestation, 33 women (22%) harboured GBS in rectal specimens, 28 women (18%) in urethral specimens, 16 women (11%) in urine specimens, and 37 women (24%) in at least one of the 3 specimens. All cultures considered, a total of 46 women (30%) yielded GBS in at least one culture. In the 37th week of gestation, women subsequently found to be GBS colonized at labour (positive in at least one site) had a higher rate of positive cultures in rectal specimens (77%) than in either urethral (67%) or urine specimens (41%). Chronic GBS carriage was more frequent in rectum than in urethra or urine. The results of the present investigation support the gastrointestinal tract as being the predominant source of GBS.
Bacteriological Techniques↗
Contact allergy to the active ingredients of Kathon CG in the guinea pig.
Preservative Kathon CG (K-CG) is a commercial preparation, consisting of the two active ingredients (a.i.), 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (243-K-CG) and 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (5243-K-CG) and also of other components. Both a.i. are known contact sensitizers in humans. In this study guinea pig maximization tests were performed with the a.i. in order to assess and compare the degrees of the sensitizing capacities. The animals were also rechallenged with the sensitizer and 4 chemically related compounds, all being preservatives or known ingredients in preservatives, in order to study the cross-reaction patterns. 5243-K-CG was demonstrated to be a strong sensitizer and 243-K-CG a weak sensitizer. With 5243-K-CG as the sensitizer, 4.5-dichloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one was a possible cross-reacting compound. Possible cross-reactivity was indicated between the a.i. when 243-K-CG was the sensitizer.
Animals↗
Chlamydial respiratory infection in childhood and spurious immunoglobulin M.
The role of Chlamydia trachomatis was investigated in lower respiratory tract infections in 254 children. The organism was not isolated in any child but Bordetella pertussis was isolated from 65. Two of the latter and one of the remaining 189 children with negative isolation, however, had immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis (titers of 1:64, 1:64 and 1:128). Exhaustive absorption of the sera with bordetella antigen left the chlamydial titers unchanged, thus excluding the possibility of cross-reactivity with bordetella antigen. To determine whether nonspecific stimulation of B lymphocytes played a role, sera from 72 children with infectious mononucleosis were examined. Chlamydial IgM antibodies (greater than or equal to 1:64) were detected in 14 of these sera, significantly more often than in other acute childhood infections (p = 0.002). Serotyping showed that these antibodies had a heterogeneous specificity in different sera and a reactivity pattern suggesting they were monoclonal. The association found between chlamydial IgM antibodies and Epstein-Barr virus infection implies that there is nonspecific production of these antibodies in infectious mononucleosis, suggesting that similar nonspecific antibody production could occur in other infections. This might explain the chlamydial IgM found in children with lower respiratory tract infections in whom chlamydial infection could not be confirmed by isolation.
Antibodies, Bacterial↗
Contact allergy to the preservative Kathon CG.
Of 976 patients routinely patch tested with Kathon CG (Rohm & Haas), 300 ppm, 43 (4.4%) gave a positive reaction. Of 170 patients routinely tested with Kathon CG 250 ppm, 10 (5.9%) gave a positive reaction. Out of 34 patients tested with serial dilutions of Kathon CG, 17 (50%) reacted to 100 ppm, 8 to 30 ppm and 2 to 10 ppm. The concentration of 1000 ppm of Kathon CG was irritant in some cases, but 300 ppm was not irritant. Of the 976 patients tested with Kathon CG 300 ppm, 8 (0.8%) showed a "flare-up" reaction, indicating patch test sensitization. Of the 170 tested with Kathon CG 250 ppm, 2 (1.2%) were sensitized. When the patch-test-sensitized patients were retested with serial dilutions, they showed the same pattern as the other patients. 13 sensitized patients were use tested and 7 (54%) gave responses. In the literature, Kathon CG 100 ppm is recommended as the routine patch test concentration. However, 50% of the sensitive persons may then be overlooked. In our clinics, Kathon CG has become the second most common contact sensitizer, but the sensitivity cannot be traced in all patients with clinically relevant allergy without an unacceptable risk of patch test sensitization.
Biopsy↗
Demonstration of Kathon CG in some commercial products.
The preservative Kathon CG has become one of the most common sensitizers. It has, however, been difficult to explain the sensitization and to assess the clinical relevance of the contact allergy, partly due to lack of specification of the preservative in products. A high-performance liquid chromatography method was used to demonstrate Kathon CG in 123 commercial products of both "leave on" and "rinse off" types. 38 of these contained Kathon CG in the range of 1-15 ppm of active ingredients. There were no differences between "leave on" and "rinse off" products concerning the relative number of products containing Kathon CG and the concentrations of the preservative.
Allergens↗
Neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis.
Maternal chlamydial antibodies were determined in cord sera of 41 infants who developed neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis and compared with the antibody profile of infants who had been exposed to Chlamydia trachomatis at birth by their isolation positive mothers but in whom conjunctivitis did not develop. No protective effect could be attributed to maternal antibodies transferred to the infants. Paired sera samples were collected from 18 infants with chlamydial conjunctivitis. Chlamydial IgM antibodies were detected in four of these 18 cases at the time diagnosis was established by isolation. An additional eight cases had developed chlamydial IgM at the time the convalescent sera samples were taken, on average on day 40. At that time symptoms had disappeared after systemic treatment had been given. Thus chlamydial IgM antibodies were eventually shown in two thirds of infants with chlamydial conjunctivitis who were all systemically treated and clinically healed. These data suggest a cautious assessment of chlamydial IgM in the diagnosis of chlamydial pneumonia.
Adult↗
Group B streptococci at delivery: high count in urine increases risk for neonatal colonization.
Of 858 pregnant women studied in matched rectal, urethral and urine cultured specimens, 186 (22%) were found to be colonized by group B streptococci (GBS). GBS were detected significantly more often in rectal specimens (159) than in urethral specimens (108) or in urine specimens (64). This is supporting evidence for the gastrointestinal tract as the main habitat of GBS. Of 1786 women whose urine was sampled at delivery, GBS were isolated from 128 (7%), in 22 of whom (1% of the total) GBS were present in quantities greater than or equal to 10(4) colony forming units (cfu)/ml urine. Neonates born to women with greater than or equal to 10(4) cfu GBS/ml urine were apparently at greater risk for neonatal infection, as they were more commonly and more heavily colonized than were the newborns of women with lower quantities of GBS in urine, or if positive urethral or rectal specimens were considered. The incidence of preterm delivery or obstetric infection was not higher among women in whom GBS were isolated in specimens from any of the 3 sites; foetal distress was more common among their children, but not neonatal respiratory or infectious diseases of which the incidence was low and difficult to assess statistically.
Bacteriuria↗
Yersinia enterocolitica septicemia: clinical and microbiological aspects.
Septicemia is a rare but serious complication of infection with Yersinia enterocolitica (Y.e.). Seven cases of Y.e. septicemia are presented. Five of the patients had no underlying disease predisposing to septicemia. Five patients displayed recurrent episodes of septicemia, despite treatment with recommended doses of antibiotics to which the isolates were sensitive in vitro. One patient developed endocarditis which required surgical replacement of the aortic valve. Other clinical manifestations were arthritis, diverticulitis and pulmonary abscesses. The outcome was fatal to 3 elderly patients. The serological response to Y.e. was followed by tube agglutination and a diffusion-in-gel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. One patient, with a benign course of illness, had transient elevated Y.e. antibody titres, while the 3 cases with a protracted disease showed sustained antibody responses for 6-18 months. Blood isolates of Y.e. had ordinary virulence characteristics identical to fecal isolates and produced extracellular beta-lactamase. All isolates were sensitive in vitro to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, mecillinam, piperacillin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, chloramphenicol and gentamicin. The lowest MIC values were recorded for mecillinam. Full synergistic activity was demonstrated when mecillinam was combined with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cefuroxime or rifampicin.
Aged↗
[Immunologic and epidemiologic observations on humidifier fever. Complement activation as a cause of local inflammatory symptoms].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Air Microbiology↗
Prevalence of chlamydial eye infection in patients attending an eye clinic, a VD clinic, and in healthy persons.
Chlamydial eye infection was detected in 28 of 983 ophthalmological patients with conjunctivitis or keratoconjunctivitis, with a peak frequency of over 9% in patients aged 16-20 years and with decreasing frequency thereafter. In patients aged 1 to 15 years chlamydial conjunctivitis was not observed. Chlamydial eye infection could not be detected in patients at a venereal diseases clinic, though chlamydial genital infection was rather frequent in these patients. Nor was Chlamydia trachomatis found in the eyes of healthy young adults. In patients with proved chlamydial conjunctivitis unilateral symptoms were the rule. Pseudoptosis was the most conspicuous presentation in two cases. A prolonged course can be expected in chlamydial eye infection if the condition is unrecognised and effective treatment delayed. The venereal background of the condition must also influence the management.
Adolescent↗
Asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy with special reference to group B streptococci.
The relationship between significant bacteriuria (SB), i.e. 2 subsequent voided urine specimens with greater than or equal to 10(5) colony forming units (CFU)/ml, and the occurrence of bacteria in the urinary bladder detected by bladder punction, was investigated in asymptomatic pregnant women. From 30 (70%) of the 43 women with SB studied, bacteria were isolated from the urinary bladder. The same bacteria were found in the bladders of all 21 women with Escherichia coli, the one with Klebsiella pneumoniae, and the one with Staphylococcus saprophyticus in midstream urine. Six of 10 patients with group B streptococci (GBS), 1 of 4 patients with Streptococcus faecalis, and none of 5 patients with Staphylococcus epidermidis in voided specimens had bacteria in the aspirated urine. Serotype III was isolated from 8/10 patients with SB caused by GBS. One child born to a woman with GBS SB but no bacteria in the urinary bladder, got early onset septicaemia. The poor predictive value of SB with GBS, S. faecalis and S. epidermidis necessitates the increased use of bladder puncture for diagnosis of true asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB), i.e. AB with bacteria in the urinary bladder. SB with GBS even without bacteria in the urinary bladder, may constitute a threat to the baby's health.
Adolescent↗