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Biomedical subjects

K Polonov

Publications and source records attributed to K Polonov.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Treatment of obesity with a very low-energy dietetic regimen--the endocrine parallels].

25 patients with various degree of obesity treated with a very low-caloric diet (Dresden diet) were followed up dynamically. By an average clinical stay of 22 days a satisfactory reduction of the body mass with mean 6.6 kg was achieved at mean reduction of the body mass index from 34 to 31. The blood sugar level, immunoreactive insulin in the course of the oral glucose tolerance test, the 24 h rhythm of the plasma cortisol and the aldosterone level at rest and in orthostatic position at the beginning and the end of the dietetic treatment were followed up. The results achieved are discussed in relation to the reduction of the body mass.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Carbohydrate metabolic disorders in porphyria cutanea tarda].

The frequency of diabetes mellitus was studied in all 150 registered patients suffering from porphyria cutanea tarda in Bulgaria. To 63 of the patients an oral glucose tolerance test was performed according to the criteria of the Diabetic Committee of the WHO (1979). Diabetes mellitus was found in 9 patients--6% which is considerably above the mean frequency of diabetes in this country which is about 1%. In 4 patients diabetes mellitus developed before the onset of porphyria, in 2 patients it developed after the onset of porphyria and in 3 patients the two diseases developed simultaneously. The glucose tolerance test showed lowered tolerance in 8 patients (12.7%) and 5 of them reacted with increased insulin response. 35 patients (55.5%) presented increased insulin response. The data of the study suggest that all patients suffering from porphyria cutanea tarda should be examined for disturbed carbohydrate metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Lipid fraction content of puncture biopsy material from the liver of patients with diabetes mellitus and obesity].

The quantity of the main lipid classes in hepatic tissue has been determined via thin layer chromatography on silica gel, the tissue obtained by blind hepatic biopsy in 20 patients with diabetes mellitus and obesity and in a control group of 5 patients with no hepatic disease. A considerable increase of lipid in liver was established in the patients with diabetes mellitus and obesity-the fraction of neutral lipids mainly. The fatty infiltration of liver in diabetics was accompanied by a considerable increase of triglyceride concentration--3,78 g/100 g wet body mass as compared with the controls--0,95 g/100 g wet body mass. Increased concentration of esters and cholesterol (80%) was established in the liver of the patients with diabetes and obesity as well as increased fraction of free fatty acids (230%). The concentrations of total phospholipids and free cholesterol in liver in both groups of patients proved to be rather close. The fatty infiltration of liver of diabetics with obesity was accompanied by marked increase of percentage content of triglycerides--from 17.3% in the control group to 42.1% from the total lipids in the patients with diabetes and obesity. Reverse alterations were established for the fraction of total phospholipids. Pronounced increase of the coefficient triglycerides/total phospholipids was established in case of diabetes and obesity.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1986

[Therapeutic effect of a low-energy diet in patients with above-normal body weight].

The efforts of the dietitians have lately been directed to elaboration of super low energy diets for the treatment of obese patients. A low energy variant of diet No 8 of Pevzner of 2512.2 kJ (600 kcal) daily has been tried in a group of 66 patients with obesity, degree II and III. The duration of that king of dietary treatment lasted 10-14 days under clinical conditions. A good tolerance to the diet was established in all patients as well as absence of adverse effects. Improvement and abatement of the subjective complaints, associated with the basic disease, were observed. The patients, prior to that dietary variant had been treated with traditional diet No 8 Pevzner with a total course of treatment at the clinic of 20 days. The total mean body reduction attained was 8 kg. The result obtained is relatively better than that with the traditional diet 8 and comes closer to the results attained with the energy-free zero diet. That provided grounds to recommend the low energy variant studied as a more adequate in effectiveness and physiology as compared with the therapeutic starvation, applied so far in the treatment of patients with body mass above the norm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Ultrastructure of fat cells of obese patients with diabetes mellitus before and after treatment with a reducing diet].

Ultrastructural investigation of lipocytes of obese diabetics (Diabetes mellitus) before and after treatment with a reducing diet 21 diabetics not depending on insulin with obesity of the second or third degree were given for 3 months a reducing diet containing 5110 kJ/day (86 g protein, 41 g fat, 119 g carbohydrates). After treatment the test persons had a loss of weight of 7.60 kg on average. Before and after treatment subcutaneous adipose tissue was taken by puncture biopsy and investigated by electron microscopy. After treatment extended intercellular spaces are evident in which collagenic and elastic fibres appear quantitatively enlarged. A certain plication and inequality of the cell membranes, a penetration of the fat droplet by cytoplasmatic outgrowths as well as a diminution of the lipocytes and the big fat droplet were found. The investigations show that even the relatively short treatment of 3 months exercises an influence on the structure of the lipocytes. That shows new possibilities of therapy and prophylaxis of obesity.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1985

[Treatment of patients with the Pickwickian syndrome by reduction of body weight].

The characteristic signs of Pickwickian syndrome are the high degree of obesity and cardiovascular and respiratory insufficiency, to various degrees. Forty five patients with Pickwickian syndrome were treated at the Clinic of Metabolic Diseases. They represent 3.4 per cent of the total number of patients with obesity of various degrees, observed and treated. The majority of the affected were established to be males (34), mainly III and IV degree of obesity. The average age of the patients was 51 years. Somnolence, lassitude, enhanced appetite, cyanosis and dyspnea with unrestful sleep, with sloring were observed in all patients. The moderate motive regiment applied and the hypoenergy diet under clinical condicions with an average stay of 26 days at the clinic led to considerable reduction of body mass (with 11,7 kg on the average), resulting into an improvement of the functional respiratory parameters and ECG. The elevated values of blood pressure were normalized in the majority of the patients after the treatment. In all patients, the unpleasant subjective complaints, somnolence including, disappeared and respiratory indices were improved. The significant disorders in lipid, carbohydrate and purine metabolism were favourably influenced by the therapeutic regiment applied.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1982

[Diet with maximum restriction of caloric intake in diabetes mellitus and obesity].

To a group of 40 diabetic patients and obesity, a treatment was conducted by dietetic regimen of maximum restriction of the daily calories, from 3352 to 5028 kilojoules (800 to 1200 kilocal) according to obesity degree. Prior to treatment, only 10 per cent of the patients were with compensated diabetes. The treatment in 10 per cent of them was only a diet and in 5 per cent--insulin and in 85 per cent--peroral drugs. Completely compensated were 90 per cent of the patients subjected only to a diet, and in 10 per cent the inclusion of 5-10 mg maninil daily was necessitated. Body weight reduction with 3650 g was obtained within an average of 24 hospital days. All parameters of lipid metabolism, followed up at the beginning and at the end of the treatment were diminished: total fats (not significantly), cholesterol (significantly in females), triglycerides (significantly in males), betlipoproteins (significantly in females) and ketobodies (significantly for both sexes). In 20 patients with hyperlipoproteinuria, type IV, symptomatic anomaly in lipid metabolism was admitted, because after the treatment, only eight remained with such type of deviations. The dietetic regimen of maximum restriction of the calories applied by the authors, is admitted to be effective, with no risk of ketoacidosis, easy to apply and is recommended for the practice.

Blood Glucose↗