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Biomedical subjects

K Prathap

Publications and source records attributed to K Prathap.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Acquired carbohydrate intolerance and cow milk protein-sensitive enteropathy in young infants.

Sixty infants with acquired carbohydrate intolerance, 19 with protracted diarrhea, and 41 with features indistinguishable from acute infectious enteritis, were maintained on a lactose-free and cow milk protein-free formula for about eight weeks, after which jejunal biopsies were performed before and after oral provocation with cow milk protein. Following provocation, 43 infants showed mucocal abnormalities associated with marked reduction in the levels of all three disaccharidases. In one infant, mucosal change was unaccompanied by enzyme depletion. Six infants had enzyme depletion without visible mucosal changes. In ten infants the intestinal mucosa remained normal and there was no consistent pattern of change in the enzyme levels. The findings suggest that cow milk protein has a deleterious effect on the small bowel mucosa of young infants recovering from enteritis and may be an important contributing cause of acquired carbohydrate intolerance in these infants. In the management of young infants with acquired carbohydrate intolerance both the offending sugar and protein should be excluded.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Haemangiopericytoma: problems in diagnosis and management.

Three cases of haemangiopericytoma with diverse modes of presentation are reported. The difficulties with clinical diagnosis are emphasized. There is no consensus on the best mode of treatment, and we have chosen radical surgical excision in the first instance, but have not hesitated to employ radiotherapy or chemotherapy as adjunctive treatment if the need has arisen. The clinical behaviour of this tumour is unpredictable; therefore the prognosis for life must remain uncertain.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Amyloidosis in Malaysian aborigines (Orang Asli).

Material from 334 consecutive autopsies on Orang Asli subjects performed in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur between May 1967 and June 1978 was examined for amyloidosis. Nine positive cases were found, all in patients above 40 years of age, giving an age-corrected incidence of about 9%. In 6 cases, amyloidosis was probably secondary to tuberculosis. The remaining 3 cases exhibited a pericollagenous distribution characteristic of primary amyloidosis. Involvement of the heart and lungs was prominent. However, there were considerable similarities in the distribution and staining properties of the amyloid in the 2 groups. Though both the heart and kidney were frequently affected, the kidney was the most common organ to give rise to clinical symptoms. Infection probably plays a major contributory role in amyloidosis in the Orang Asli.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Light and electron microstructure of a Sarcocystis sp. from the Malaysian long-tailed monkey, Macaca fascicularis.

The ultrastructure of the cyst wall and zoites of a species of Sarcocystis from the skeletal muscles of a naturally-infected Malaysian long-tailed monkey, Macaca fascicularis, is described in detail. The wavy, electron-dense primary cyst wall is thin (55 nm) and invaginated. Cytophaneres are absent. The ground substance contains electron-dense granules and bundles of parallel, fibrillar elements in some areas. Thin trabeculae are present. The zoites measure 1.2 X 4.7 microns and have an interior conoid, 22 subpellicular microtubules, 50-60 micronemes, 4-6 rhoptries, and a posteriorly situated nucleus. Some ultrastructural aspects of the cyst wall and the zoites of this parasite resemble those of Sarcocystis species of the moonrat, rhesus monkey, tamarin, and baboon. The light microscopic appearance of this species from M. fascicularis also bears some resemblance to that of parasites from the four cases of human Sarcocystis reported in Malaysia. The cyst in all these human cases were thin-walled, with no cytophaners. Although the final hosts of these species of Sarcocystis are not known, it is quite possible that man, monkeys, and perhaps the moonrat (an insectivore) may serve as common intermediate hosts for one or several species of Sarcocystis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Lipid accumulation in the rat liver: a histological and biochemical study.

The sequential pattern of lipid accumulation and associated biochemical changes were studied in two commonly used experimental models of nutritional fatty liver in rats. Female rats were maintained for 8 weeks on high fat, low protein diets containing adequate methionine and choline, and drinking water ad libitum (Diet 1), or deficient in methionine and choline and containing 20% ethanol as a substitute for drinking water (Diet 2). Histologically, there was a progressive increase in liver lipids, mainly in the periportal areas. Occasional foci of liver cell necrosis with lipogranuloma formation occurred in areas of severe fatty change. These changes appeared earlier and were more marked in rats maintained on Diet 2. Electron micrographs revealed large lipid droplets in the liver cells, which sometimes contained myelin figures. The mitochondria were enlarged, distorted and appeared as amorphous structures with disorientated cristae in rats on Diet 1, whereas they had a condensed conformation in rats maintained on Diet 2. Rough endoplasmic reticulum was fragmented and degranulated particularly in rats on Diet 1, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum showed hyperplasia and vesiculation in rats on Diet 2. There was a progressive increase in the total liver lipids and triglycerides in both the groups of rats. This fatty change was accompanied by a significant increase in hepatic 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, malate, 2-oxoglutarate, citrate, lactate, ammonia, glutamate, alanine and aspartate, and a significant decrease in oxaloacetate, urea and glucose concentrations. The mass action ratios for alanine aminotransferase, aspartate amino transferase, and glutamate dehydrogenase, generally moved in a parallel direction. Hepatic ATP content was considerably reduced accompanied by a decrease in [ATP]/[ADP] ratios and a significant increased in [lactate]/[pyruvate] and [3-hydroxybutyrate]/[acetoacetate] ratios. There was a corresponding decrease in the [NAD+]/[NADH] ratios both in the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial compartments. These biochemical changes were particularly severe in rats maintained on Diet 1 and Diet 2 for 8 weeks. There was a very good relationship between impaired mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum functions, redox and phosphorylation states, and the relevance of their changes to the fate of fatty liver cells.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1978

Cows' milk protein-sensitive enteropathy. Combined clinical and histological criteria for diagnosis.

Cows' milk protein enteropathy is recognised as a significant cause of persistent diarrhoea and malabsorption in young infants, but there are as yet no generally accepted diagnostic criteria. A combined clinical and histological approach to the diagnosis of cows' milk protein-sensitive enteropathy has been used in 15 patients, and the following set of criteria are proposed. (1) Clinical disease (diarrhoea with or without vomiting) while receiving cows' milk protein. (2) Clinical improvement on a diet free of cows' milk protein. (3) Normal or mildly abnormal histology of jejunal mucosa when taken 6-8 weeks after symptoms subside. (4) Histological relapse, with or without clinical relapse, after re-exposure to cows' milk protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

HBAg-positive chronic liver disease associated with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in the Senoi.

Necropsy and clinical data show that primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) is the commonest cancer among the Senoi (a Malaysian aboringine group). The other aboringine tribes do not appear to have this high predilection for liver cancer. In the necropsy series, PHS was present in 10 out of 22 Senoi patients with cirrhosis. All the 22 livers contained hepatocytes that stained with Shikata's orcein stain and specific immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent stains for hepatitis B antigen (HBAg). This observation raises the strong possibility that hepatitis B may be an important etiologic factor in the development of cirrhosis and PHC in the Senoi. The reason for the high susceptibility of the Senoi for HB virus infection is not clear, and the role of aflatoxin in the pathogenesis of PHC in the Senoi has yet to be determined. That the Senoi are a numerically small community, maintaining their own unique dietary and social customs and living in readily accessible areas in the Malaysian jungle, makes them an ideal population for the study of factors in the etiology of liver cancer.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1977

Reaction of foetal tissues to intra-uterine subcutaneous injection of barium sulphate.

Subpannicular injection of sterile barium sulphate in newborn rabbits produces an acute inflammatory response which is clearly seen at 24 hr and is well established at 48 hr. The processes of repair has begun by the 4th day with the appearance of proliferating capillaries and fibroblasts. In rabbit foetuses both vascular and cellular components of the acute inflammatory response are more prominent and appear earlier than in newborn rabbits, being well developed within 24 hr. The process of repair also begins earlier, proliferation of capillaries and fibroblasts being already prominent by 48 hr. By the 4th day the lesion is compact, less cellular and relatively avascular.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in Malaysians.

Eight cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis occurring in an oriental population are reported. The patients were mostly middle-aged, and there was a female preponderence. Nephrectomy controlled the disease in all cases. Diagnosis on clinical and radiological grounds is difficult, and it is often only made on pathological examination of the kidney after nephrectomy. The nature of the disease remains obscure.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pseudotumours due to oil palm thorn injury.

Three cases are reported in which pseudotumours developed in the hand following injury by oil palm thorns. In one patient there was a periosteal reaction of the proximal phalanx adjoining the site of injury. The lesions were excised, and the embedded oil palm thorn was identified in all three. The clinical and pathological features of the lesions and problems in their diagnosis are described. In every case the local tissue reaction was out of proportion to the size of the foreign body, raising the possibility that a toxic substance might have been released by the thorn.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Hepatocellular carcinoma in the Malaysian Orang Asli.

Necropsies were performed on 285 consecutively unclaimed Orang Asli bodies from Gombak Orang Asli Hospital during an eight-year period from May 1967 to April 1975. Of the 25 malignant neoplasms, hepatocellular carcinoma was by far the commonest (36%). The nine patients with this neoplasm had coexistant macronodular cirrhosis. There were 20 cases of cirrhosis; 45% of these had coexistant hepatocellular carcinoma. The 53,000 Orang Aslis living in West Malaysia comprise three tribes, the Negrito, Senoi, and Melayu Asli (Proto Malays). The Sinoi appear to have a high predilection for liver cancer, all our nine cases occurring in this group. These aboriginal people live in the jungles where they practice shifting cultivation and maintain their own dietary and social customs. Detailed studies of their dietary habits may provide a clue to the etiology of liver cancer in these people.

Adult↗