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Biomedical subjects

K Probst

Publications and source records attributed to K Probst.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Risk factors for cystoid macular oedema in patients with uveitis.

PURPOSE: To determine ophthalmologic and systemic factors associated with the presence of cystoid macular oedema (CMO) in patients with uveitis. METHODS: Retrospective cross-sectional study in which 97 consecutive patients with uveitis filled in an extensive questionnaire for the presence of cardiovascular diseases and its risk factors. An analysis of the ophthalmologic and questionnaire data was conducted. RESULTS: CMO was present in 44% (43/97) of patients. Its presence was strongly associated with increasing age (P=0.001) and age at onset of uveitis (P<0.001). For patients older than 50 years, the risk of having CMO was 3.8-fold (95% confidence intervals 1.6-9.0) larger than for younger patients. The most frequent anatomic location of uveitis associated with CMO was panuveitis (49%). Papillary leakage on fluorescein angiography was associated with CMO (P<0.001), independently of other risk factors. After adjustment for age, multivariate logistic regression showed no association between cardiovascular disease and its risk factors and the presence of CMO. CONCLUSIONS: Age, independent of duration of uveitis, was a major risk factor for the presence of CMO in uveitis. A positive correlation between CMO and papillary leakage on angiography was noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Differential inflammatory involvement in retina and choroïd in birdshot chorioretinopathy.

BACKGROUND: Birdshot chorioretinopathy is characterised by dual unrelated inflammatory involvement of the retina and the choroid. Indocyanine green angiography made it possible to assess and follow choroidal disease with the same precision as retinal involvement was followed so far. The aim of this study was to analyse the severity, progression and response to therapy of both retinal involvement using fluorescein angiography and choroidal involvement using indocyanine green angiography. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with birdshot retinochoroidopathy followed at La Source Eye Centre in Lausanne, Switzerland from January 1995 to December 2002 were subdivided into three subgroups according to the duration of evolution of the disease: untreated patients with no more than one year duration of the disease (group 1, n = 6); treated patients with disease duration of 1 - 7 years duration (group 2, n = 5) and patients with disease lasting for more than 7 years (group 3, n = 4). Fluorescein and indocyanine green angiographic signs (angiographic scores given by a masked observer) were analysed in the 3 groups and compared to the "cream-coloured" fundus lesions. RESULTS: Fifteen out of the 742 patients (2.0 %) seen at La Source Eye Centre during the time period considered presented BC and were included in the study. In the "early disease group" fluorescein and ICG angiography showed more severe choroidal than retinal involvement with respective scores of 3 +/- 0.79 (ICG) and 2 +/- 1.17 (FA) while there were few depigmented fundus lesions to be seen (score 1 +/- 0.27). The choroidal involvement responded well to systemic corticosteroids +/- immunosuppressive therapy (scores in groups 2 and 3 = 1.2 and 0.75), while retinal disease was stabilised at best (scores in groups 2 and 3 = 2.2. and 2.4) and depigmented fundus lesions increased (scores in groups 2 and 3 = 2.8 and 3). CONCLUSION: The evolution and response to therapy of retinal and choroidal disease in birdshot chorioretinopathy have a different course with choroidal disease responding well to therapy while retinal disease is more resistant, possibly explaining the slow deterioration of functional parameters despite therapy. The increase of "cream-coloured" fundus lesions despite good choroidal response to therapy could be explained by depigmentation left behind after resolution of choroidal stromal granulomas, a hypothesis recently confirmed by an autopsy case of birdshot chorioretinopathy.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed2004

Intraocular and plasma levels of cellular fibronectin in patients with uveitis and diabetes mellitus.

AIMS: To determine intraocular and plasma levels of cellular fibronectin (cFN) in patients with uveitis or diabetes mellitus (DM) and to assess the association with disease activity, macular oedema, and vascular leakage on fluorescein angiography. In addition, to examine whether cFN is locally produced in the eye. METHODS: Intraocular and plasma levels of cFN were determined by ELISA in 39 patients with uveitis (23 active, 16 non-active), in 11 patients with DM (eight with and three without diabetic retinopathy) and in 17 control patients. The influence of diabetic retinopathy, inflammatory activity, vascular leakage, and macular oedema (MO) on intraocular and plasma cFN levels was studied. Local production of cFN was determined by calculating absolute and relative intraocular to plasma ratios. Aqueous and vitreous levels of cFN were compared. RESULTS: No differences in plasma cFN levels were found between patients with uveitis, DM, or controls. Intraocular cFN levels were significantly raised in patients with uveitis and DM, specifically in those with active disease (active uveitis and active diabetic retinopathy versus controls: p = 0.001 and 0.002 respectively). Further, intraocular cFN levels were significantly elevated in patients with macular oedema or vascular leakage, irrespectively of whether associated with uveitis or DM (p = 0.001 and 0.002). Intraocular cFN levels were consistently higher in the vitreous than the aqueous. Intraocular production of cFN was documented by elevated absolute and relative intraocular to plasma ratios in nine out of 11 patients tested. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated intraocular cFN levels were found in uveitis and DM, especially in those with active processes, intraocular vascular damage, and MO. These results suggest that locally produced cFN levels reflect intraocular vascular damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Photoreceptor function in eyes with macular edema.

PURPOSE: The irreversible loss of visual acuity in macular edema is usually attributed to permanent loss of photoreceptor cells, although there is hardly any information on changes in photoreceptor function in macular edema. The purpose of this study was to assess photoreceptor function in various stages of macular edema and to relate the findings to visual acuity and angiographic changes. METHODS: Directional sensitivity (optical Stiles-Crawford effect) and visual pigment density of foveal cones was measured with a custom-built scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) in 19 eyes of 19 patients. Twelve eyes exhibited macular edema: five of inflammatory origin, and seven of diabetic origin. Seven eyes with an intraocular inflammatory disease without clinical or angiographic evidence of edema were also included (four of which had previous macular edema and one of which had shown development of macular edema at the 1-year follow-up). Results of SLO measurements were related to findings using fluorescein angiography and Snellen visual acuity, both assessed at the time of SLO measurement and 6 months thereafter. RESULTS: Eyes with macular edema exhibited diminished directional sensitivity of photoreceptor cells in the fovea compared with eyes without (P = 0.02). Visual pigment density of eyes with macular edema was decreased and associated with both initial and follow-up visual function and with the angiographic macular edema grade at follow-up. Abnormal directional sensitivity and pigment density were already present in eyes with slight edematous changes and normal visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: Eyes with inflammatory or diabetic macular edema showed decreased directional sensitivity and visual pigment density in the macular area. These findings may support a role for SLO measurements in detecting retinal damage due to macular edema.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Incidental carcinoma of the prostate: an improved modality for early detection.

In a prospective study 140 unselected patients with clinical evidence of benign adenoma of the prostate were resected via a transurethral approach. Pathohistological analysis was done according to selective criteria for tissue sampling. 16 incidental carcinomas (T0; 11.4%) were detected. In a retrospective analysis 244 patients were operated on by the same method compared with 326 patients with conventional transurethral resection. T0 tumors were found in 11.5 versus 5.2% of the patients. The increase in the incidence of T0 tumors was significant (p less than 0.004). We recommend this modality as a simple method to optimize early detection of T0 tumors in the transurethral resection specimens.

Biopsy↗