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Biomedical subjects

K R Winston

Publications and source records attributed to K R Winston.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Neurodiagnostic tests in children with brain tumors: changing patterns of use and impact on cost.

The utilization of neurodiagnostic tests in the initial work-up in children with brain tumors was relatively stable during the three years before computed tomography (CT) became available. After this test became available there was a significant (P less than .05) reduction in the utilization of cerebral angiography, echoencephalography, electroencephalography, and ventriculography in children with tumors below the tentorium. In children with tumors above the tentorium, only a reduction in the use of cerebral angiography and radioisotopic scanning was demonstrated. These changes have resulted in a significant (P less than .05) reduction in cost to the patient (or third party) for the initial neurodiagnostic work-up. Since CT became available, children with brain tumors undergo fewer tests, and the greatest reduction has been in tests that have the greatest cost.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Heterogeneous afferents to the inferior parietal lobule of the rhesus monkey revealed by the retrograde transport method.

The sources of afferent connections to the inferior parietal lobule (rostral part of the area 7 of Brodman; PF and rostral part of PG of von Bonin and Bailey) were examined with the retrograde transport method in infant and adult rhesus monkeys. Two to 3 days after injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the cortex, the animals were anesthetized, and the brains fixed and processed for the histochemical demonstration of the enzyme marker. Labeled neurons were found in layer III in the ipsilateral prefrontal, parietal, occipital and temporal cortices, notably in areas 5, 19, 22 and 46 of Brodmann, and in area 7 of the contralateral parietal cortex. In the thalamus, HRP-positive cells were located ipsilaterally in the medial pulvinar nucleus in the nuclei centrum medianum and parafascicularis, as well as in the rostral thalamus, lateral and medial to the mammillothalamic tract, in the nucleus ventralis anterior and nucleus paracentralis. Numerous labeled cells were also identified in the magnocellular nuclei of the basal forebrain, in the dorsal and medial raphe nuclei, and in the locus coeruleus. Most of the cells in these regions were located in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the injections, but a number of them were also found in the contralateral hemispher. In adult monkeys, brownish granules in the cytoplasm of some cells were interpreted as endogenous pigment or due to various pigment precursors. However, all 14 locations listed above were identified in the infant monkey in which endogenous pigment was not a confounding factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Acute posterior fossa epidural hematomas in children.

Epidural hematoma in the posterior fossa is a rare clinical entity requiring immediate surgical intervention to prevent rapid and fatal deterioration. This diagnosis should be considered in children with occipital head trauma who have altered sensorium and evidence of compression of structures within the posterior fossa. Such a clinical setting demands close neurologic observation in a facility where contrast studies and neurosurgical intervention are available. The absence of an occipital skull fracture or the presence of normal pulse rate and blood pressure should not influence the decision. Lumbar puncture is absolutely contraindicated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Meningioma with subdural hematoma.

A subfrontal meningioma which presented by development of a subdural hematoma is reported. The tumor was detected by cerebral angiography and radionucleotide flow study and was subtotally excised. The relationship between meningioma and subdural hemorrhage is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pantopaque mimicking spinal lipoma: MR pitfall.

We present a patient with an intraspinal, high-signal-intensity lesion in the lumbosacral region on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images and a thin line of signal void between this region and the CSF on T2-weighted images. These findings were interpreted initially as representing an extradural spinal lipoma. However, CT revealed an intrathecal collection of iophendylate (Pantopaque), which was subsequently removed via a lumbar puncture. The apparent separation of Pantopaque from the CSF (seen on T2-weighted images and interpreted as the dura) was probably caused by chemical shift artifact, chemical shift contour, and/or CSF motion artifact.

Diagnosis, Differential↗