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Biomedical subjects

K Reuter

Publications and source records attributed to K Reuter.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Quality assurance programs cope with today's demands.

Pathologists face new demands resulting from malpractice litigation, health regulations, increased competition, and heightened consumer activism. Yet despite the concerns about quality and cost that beset the field, the pathologist's mission remains the same: the provision of quality care. Against the backdrop of current pressures, the authors describe the benefits and organization of a quality assurance program to help achieve this goal.

Hospital Departments↗
PubMed1986

Risk management enhances quality care and protection from liability.

Two externally imposed economic pressures that grip the health care industry are on a collision course: tightening reimbursement and exploding costs of malpractice litigation and insurance. Physicians practice defensive medicine to cope with the latter, but regulatory agencies are no longer willing to pay for this habit. Pathologists must be aware of the laboratory's liability exposure, which is likely to increase in the future. Hospitals and physicians are turning to risk management programs to help limit potential losses and monitor performance.

Financial Management↗
PubMed1985

Limitation on the use of amiloride in early renal failure.

The effect of a single oral dose of 10 mg amiloride was studied on urinary excretion of Na+, K+, Ca++ and Mg++ in healthy subjects and in patients with varying degrees of renal impairment. Amiloride produced a moderate diuresis and sodium excretion, and a slight calciuresis. Urinary excretion of potassium was significantly reduced as compared to the controls. Despite its diuretic and natriuretic effects, amiloride did not change the excretion of Mg++ as compared to the pretreatment period. When the creatinine clearance was below 50 ml/min, the net excretion of Na+ and Ca++ was drastically reduced. However, K+ retention and neutrality of Mg++ excretion were maintained down to end-stage renal disease. In the healthy volunteers the mean elimination half-life of amiloride was 20 h, and it rose to about 100 h in end-stage renal disease. This was because about 3/4 of native amiloride was eliminated through the kidney. Nonrenal elimination of amiloride was calculated to amount to only 1/4 of the total elimination. Therefore, the anticaliuretic amiloride is a valuable comedication in subjects with normal kidney function to prevent K+ and Mg++ loss. However, its use is hazardous if plasma creatinine is raised.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet's syndrome) associated with lymphoma.

A case of Sweet's syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis) in a patient in whom lymphoma subsequently developed is presented. The literature concerning Sweet's syndrome in association with malignancy is reviewed. Awareness of this potential association is imperative for the early detection of the neoplasm and for the institution of appropriate follow-up care.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1984

Intracystic carcinoma of the breast: the role of ultrasonography.

The sonograms of surgically proved intracystic carcinomas in two patients narrowed down the differential diagnoses significantly from those suggested by the xeromammograms. The authors recommend ultrasonography as the diagnostic modality of choice for evaluation of a well-circumscribed lesion seen by mammography.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Diagnosis of peritoneal mesothelioma: computed tomography, sonography, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

The diagnosis of peritoneal mesothelioma was made prospectively and noninvasively in four patients with the use of sonography, computed tomography, and sonographically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. The imaging methods revealed information similar to the operative findings, with clear superiority of computed tomography over sonography. These noninvasive methods may be used as screening tools, especially among groups or in regional areas with a high risk for asbestos exposure. The findings included soft-tissue masses with invariable involvement of the omentum; small intraperitoneal nodules; thickened peritoneum, mesentery, and bowel wall; pleural plaques; and usually minimal, if any, ascites. Since the differential diagnosis from peritoneal carcinomatosis may be difficult, sonographically (or CT) guided aspiration biopsy is needed to produce diagnostic cytologic specimens. The use of this type of biopsy should obviate surgical exploration.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Dynamic cholecystosonography of the contracted gallbladder: the double-arc-shadow sign.

In 41 of 55 patients in whom the gallbladder lumen was not identified by static sonography, a specific image was observed with dynamic scanning. This consisted of two parallel arcuate echogenic lines separated by a thin anechoic space with distal acoustic shadowing: the "double-arc-shadow" sign. The proximal arc represents the near wall of the gallbladder, the anechoic space is bile in the gallbladder lumen, and the distal arc represents the gallstone(s) responsible for the acoustic shadowing. Of the two additional sonographic patterns observed, the "'echo-shadow" pattern, which was seen with static scanning in 44 and with dynamic scanning in eight patients was an accurate, indirect indicator for cholelithiasis. On the other hand, "nonvisualization" was an unreliable sign. Of 11 such patients scanned with static and six with dynamic scanning, four proved to have a normal gallbladder. Comparing static with dynamic cholecystosonography in patients with nonphysiologically contracted gallbladders, the accuracy rate for cholelithiasis increased from 86.3% (44 of 51 patients) to 96% (49 of 51). In 41 of these patients (80%) the double-arc-shadow pattern positively identified the gallbladder lumen, increasing the confidence of the examiner. Furthermore, these images can be produced in a fraction of the time required for complete evaluation with static scanning.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1981

Parasellar chondrosarcoma in a patient with Ollier's disease.

Cartilaginous intracranial neoplasms are rare and are located most commonly at the base of the skull in the parasellar region. They may occur with similar lesions in the rest of the skeleton (Ollier's disease) or present with multiple enchondromas and soft tissue hemangiomas (Maffuci's syndrome).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of real-time and gray-scale static ultrasonic cholecystography.

The authors compared the diagnostic accuracy of gray-scale static scanning and high-resolution real-time ultrasonography in the evaluation of gallbladder disease in 339 patients. With real-time scanning, the gallbladder was seen in 97.6% of cases and gallstones were unequivocally demonstrated in 94.5% of patients with cholelithiasis, compared to 89.5% and 78.8%, respectively, with static scanning. Real-time scanning is more accurate because it can show the contracted, stone-filled gallbladder. It is also faster and more convenient to both patient and examiner, making it the procedure of choice in the primary evaluation of gallbladder disease.

Cholecystography↗
PubMed1980

The diagnosis of a choledochal cyst by ultrasound.

A case of a choledochal cyst is described in which the correct diagnosis was obtained preoperatively by ultrasound. The cyst contained calculi. A specific preoperative diagnosis will lead to lower operative morbidity and mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The radiologic manifestations of diabetic gastric neuropathy and its differential diagnosis.

The radiologic signs of diabetic gastric neuropathy consist of ineffectual peristalsis, solid gastric residue, elongated sausage-shaped stomach, gastric barium retention, and duodenal bulb atony. This entity is seen in patients with long-term diabetes mellitus under relatively inadequate control with the likelihood of other complications of this disease. The radiologic differential diagnoses include surgical and autovagotomy as well as drug-induced gastric motility disorders. Theories advanced to explain the pathophysiology of this entity are discussed.

Diabetic Neuropathies↗
PubMed1976

Serum sialic acid levels in lung cancer patients.

The levels of N-acetyl neuraminic acid (sialic acid) in normal men and pre-and post-menopausal women were determined. Smoking post-menopausal estrogen therapy, oral contraceptives, and refreezing had no effects on sialic acid levels. Pre-treatment values from patients with lung carcinoma showed markedly elevated levels of sialic acid (0.697 +/- 0.149 muM/ml) as compared to those from normal controls (0.432 +/- 0.067 muM/ml). The potential usefulness of sialic acid as a biological marker is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Alteration of hemodynamics, blood gases and lung morphology in bromocarbamide intoxication (animal experiments).

The reaction to animals in bromocarbamide intoxication with respect to blood pressure, resistance in the systemic and pulmonary circulation, cardiac output and arterial blood gas values is presented and discussed in reference to morphological changes in the lung. The animals die due to peripheral circulatory failure if paralysis of respiration is prevented by means of artificial ventilation. The observed morphological lung changes are not the cause of death.

Animals↗