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Biomedical subjects

K Rinsho

Publications and source records attributed to K Rinsho.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Stimulation of epithelial hyperplasia in rat urinary bladder by Escherichia coli cystitis.

Using heterotopically transplanted rat urinary bladder, experiments were conducted to develop a reproducible animal model of bacterial cystitis-associated urothelial hyperplasia without calculus formation, and to elucidate which bacterial component(s) might induce urothelial hyperplasia. Bladder instillation of live Escherichia coli (E. coli) resulted in persistent infection and inflammation and also diffuse urothelial hyperplasia. Instillation of killed E. coli also induced diffuse hyperplasia. Hyperplastic changes regressed following withdrawal of the killed E. coli treatment. Urothelial hyperplasia was also induced by repeated instillation of protein-rich lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the endotoxin derived from gram-negative bacterial wall component, but not by protein-free LPS. A finding common to bladders showing hyperplasia was the infiltration of neutrophils into intercellular spaces of the urothelium. We conclude that urothelial hyperplasia is induced by E. coli cystitis, that LPS plays a significant role in the hyperplastic response, and that neutrophils may mediate the response.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Studies on the urophonography (1)--Basic investigation with the model of lower urinary tract].

The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether the urinary (turbulent) flow really causes the sounds during micturition in humans. For this purpose the artificial bladder and urethra, which were made of silicon rubber (3M Co. Minnesota, U.S.A.), were used. The manometric device was attached to the bladder to measure the intravesical pressure. Outside the bladder neck a prostate like protrusion surrounding the urethra was made. A microphone was attached to this protrusion to detect the sound. A recording system was also adopted. The bladder was filled with 200 ml of sterile eater. By pressurising the artificial bladder at 100 cmH2O, the water passed through the urethra. During this artificial voiding the sound detection was undertaken. At the same time uroflowmetry was also performed. It was demonstrated that sound spikes were recorded whenever water in the artificial bladder passed through the artificial urethra.

Auscultation↗
PubMed1989

[Studies on the urophonography (2)--Clinical investigation on normal human subjects and patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy].

Recently we have developed an entirely new method of sonic detection of lower urinary tract disorders during micturition. The detection of these sounds was performed by a data catching and recording system, consisting of a detector, amplifier, and recorder. This procedure was designated as "urophonography" and its recording as "urophonogram". Twenty-five patients with BPH before and three months after suprapubic prostatectomy and 10 healthy male volunteers underwent urophonography. The urophonograms were classified into four types. Type 1 was characterized by its diamond shape, while Type 2 was characterized by its random sound spikes. Type 3 was a mixture of Types 1 and 2. Type 4 had only few sound spikes. Analysis of these urophonograms also revealed that the frequencies of these urethral sounds belonged to the range from 0.4 to 1.5 KHz. The amplitude (power) of the sounds was in the range of 40-60 dB. Healthy volunteers belonged to Type 4. BPH patients belonged to Types 1, 2 and 3 at equal frequency. Comparison of uroflowmetric parameters with urophonograms revealed that Type 3 patients with BPH showed a lesser degree of micturition disturbances, which was consistent with the weight of prostatic tumors surgically resected. Urophonography was undertaken before and after the treatment on these patients. It was clearly shown that the pattern of urophonograms shifted to normal (Type 4). It was considered that urophonograms were useful for urodynamic investigation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Studies on the urophonography (3)--Clinical investigation on prostatic cancer].

Recently we have developed an entirely new method of sonic detection of lower urinary tract disorders during micturition. This procedure was designated as "urophonography" and its recording as "urophonogram". Sixteen patients with prostatic cancer before and three months after anti-androgenic therapy and ten healthy male volunteers underwent urophonography. The urophonograms were classified into four types. Type 1 was characterized by its diamond shape, while Type 2 was characterized by its random sound spikes. Type 3 was a mixture of Types 1 and 2. Type 4 had few sound spikes. Analysis of these urophonograms also revealed that the frequencies of these urethral sounds belonged to the range from 0.4 to 1.5 KHz. The amplitude (power) of the sounds was in the range of 40-60 dB. Healthy volunteers belonged to Type 4. Prostatic cancer patients belonged to Types 1, 2 and 3 at 18.8, 68.8, nad 12.4%, respectively. After the treatment the percentages of Types 1, 2, 3, and 4 changed to 18.8, 50.0, 0, and 31.2%, respectively. Comparison of uroflowmetric parameters with urophonograms showed that Type 2 patients showed a lesser degree of micturition disturbances, evidenced by these parameters. It was considered that urophonograms were useful as urodynamic investigation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Urogenital cancer].

Treatment of urogenital cancer has made great progress due to early detection by various imaging techniques. Renal cancer is a good example of cancer that has been diagnosed in the earlier stages by the routine imaging methods. BRM therapy of interferons and interleukin II has been proved useful for renal cancer. It has been difficult to diagnose the wall invasion of the bladder cancer. However, ultrasonic imaging has made it possible to detect precisely the invasion into the vesical muscles and adventitia. Also, prostatic acid phosphatase and prostatic specific antigen have become more specific markers for prostatic cancer. Various treatments for this malignancy, including operative surgery, have made progress. The results of chemotherapy for testicular cancer have become fruitful by the use of cisplatin.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Effects of alpha-difluoromethylornithine on initiation and promotion of urinary bladder carcinogenesis in a heterotopically transplanted rat urinary bladder.

We previously demonstrated that repeated intravesical instillation of DFMO, an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, inhibits (or retards) urinary bladder carcinogenesis in rats. The present investigation was conducted to determine if high intraluminal concentration of DFMO alters initiation by MNU and to determine if DFMO inhibition is due to arrest of tumor progression or simply retardation of the tumor development. Results showed that the inhibitory effects demonstrated by DFMO treatment during the early phase of study disappeared as the observation period was extended. Failure to suppress tumor development might be due to failure to control intracellular polyamine levels below the critical level and this failure in turn might be due to the rapid fall of intravesical DFMO concentration following instillation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Prostate specific antigen and acid phosphatase-reactive cells in cystitis cystica and glandularis.

Cystitis cystica (CC) and cystitis glandularis (CG) are common in the urothelium lining the bladder neck and trigone. Because some cases of CG show histologic features strikingly similar to prostatic acini, we hypothesized that some such foci may represent prostatelike metaplasia in the urinary bladder. Forty surgical and autopsy bladder specimens (23 males, 17 females) showing CC or CG were studied using anti-prostate specific antigen and anti-prostate specific acid phosphatase antibodies. Fourteen (35%) of these 40 cases showed positive staining for prostate specific antigen or prostate specific acid phosphatase or both in CC or CG foci. Among these were five female patients. The findings indicate that bladder epithelium is capable of undergoing prostatelike metaplasia and lend support to the hypothesis that the adult bladder stroma closest to the prostate may exert inductive influences on the overlying epithelium to show prostatelike metaplasia.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1988

[Studies on the clinical effectiveness of combination therapy with irradiation and chemotherapy for advanced bladder cancer].

The effectiveness of a preoperative combination of chemotherapy and irradiation on advanced bladder cancer was evaluated. The combination therapy group (Arm I) included 21 patients, the preoperative chemotherapy group (Arm II) 14 patients, and a group without preoperative treatment, 35 patients. There were no distinguishing background factors among the three groups. Chemotherapy included vincristine, adriamycin, mitomycin, bleomycin/and 5-FU. A total of 3000 rads was irradiated locally, and the results were promising. The Arm I group was superior to the other two groups in terms of response rate, histological effectiveness and downstaging effects. Also, the 5-year-survival rate for Arm I was much better than in the other groups. There were no great differences in adverse effects between Arm I and II.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Urophonographic studies of the lower urinary tract: a new approach to urodynamics.

The detection and recording systems for urethral sounds during micturition were developed. This procedure was termed as "urophonography" and its recording as "urophonogram". Classification of urophonograms was undertaken on the basis of analyzing normal healthy male volunteers, and patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Four types of urophonogram were demonstrated. Urophonography was useful for investigation of dysfunctional voiding, and lower urinary tract obstruction. Urophonography will be a new approach to urodynamic investigations.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Phase II collaborative study of (2''R)-4'-0-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) for urological malignancies--Urological Co-operative THP Study Group].

A Phase II clinical trial of a new anthracycline, (2''R)-4'-0-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP), was performed in 137 patients with urological malignancies. Out of them, 111 patients were evaluated for tumor responses and 125 patients were evaluated for adverse effects. In cases of intravenous administration, overall response rate was 18.5% (22.2% for bladder cancer, 30.0% for tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter, and 6.7% for prostatic cancer). In the case of intra-arterial administration, overall response rate was 42.9% (50.0% for bladder cancer). For 50 patients with superficial bladder cancer intravesical chemotherapy with THP was performed. Sixteen patients showed complete disappearance of the tumor, 2 patients showed more than 90% tumor regression and 12 patients showed more than 50% tumor regression, respectively. Overall response rate was 60%. Cardiotoxicity was minimal. Alopecia was noted in a total of 16 patients, but this was minimal. Leukocytopenia was the major adverse effect among patients undergoing systemic THP administration. In conclusion, THP was most effective against transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A case of gas gangrene in a vesico-vaginal fistula].

A case of gas gangrene is presented. The patient was a 78-year-old woman who was admitted with the diagnosis of vesico-vaginal fistula. Cystography revealed a vesico-intestinal fistula and leakage of contrast medium into the prevesical space, in addition to the vesico-vaginal fistula. Right ureterostomy was performed. Two weeks postoperatively, she complained of severe pain and swelling of her right thigh. The swelling grew rapidly and general condition became worse. A diagnosis of gas gangrene was made 8 days after her first complaint by demonstrating subcutaneous and intramuscular gas formation in X-ray. She died the next day. By the bacteriological examination, this case was non-clostridial gas gangrene.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Present state of the multidisciplinary treatment of renal, bladder and prostatic tumors].

Surgery has been considered to be a main treatment of urogenital cancer. However, surgery alone could not completely cure these patients. The prognosis was poor. Multi-disciplinary treatment has been adopted to improve these results. However, there are many problems to be solved, such as combination of these regimens. In addition, the criteria for evaluation of the therapy should be considered. Nevertheless, multi-disciplinary treatment has been one of the most potent procedures for these malignancies.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Staging pelvic lymphadenectomy for carcinoma of the prostate].

Prospective pathological staging by pelvic lymphadenectomy in 12 patients with clinically localized carcinoma of the prostate disclosed a high incidence (58%) of clinically silent and unsuspected lymph node metastases. The incidence of positive nodes was 0% in patients with clinical stage A disease, 33% in stage B, 100% in stage C disease. Serum acid phosphatase was not a useful staging marker. Excellent correlation existed between histological grade and pathological stage. Gleason's sum was predictive of nodal metastases.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Is renal arteriography necessary for the diagnosis of local staging in renal cell carcinoma?].

The accuracy of computed tomography and arteriography for the diagnosis of local staging of renal cell carcinoma was examined in 39 patients. Their accuracy in predicting perinephric, retroperitoneal lymph node, renal vein and inferior vena caval involvement by the tumor was investigated. The results were correlated with pathologic diagnoses from specimens of nephrectomy and lymphadenectomy in 39 cases. Staging was the same as the findings of computed tomography in 82 per cent of the lesions (27 of 34) and with arteriography in 74 per cent (29 of 39). Compared to arteriography, computed tomography was more accurate in the diagnosis of regional lymph node metastases. Based upon this experience, preoperative arteriography is not routinely recommended for the diagnosis of local staging of renal cell carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗