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Biomedical subjects

K Rommel

Publications and source records attributed to K Rommel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Absorption in the human small intestine relative to the intraluminal milieu].

The bulk of water and electrolyte absorption takes place in the human jejunum from isotonic solutions, and is determined largely by special transport mechanisms for different monosaccharides, amino acids and dipeptides. This is of considerable significance for regaining the large volumes of fluid delivered to the small intestine during the digestion of food. Small changes in intraluminal pH do not significantly influence the absorptive function of the jejunum and are rapidly compensated by the buffering capacity of the gut. The maintenance of an isotonic as well as neutral intraluminal milieu seems to be essential to the physiological processes of intestinal absorption.

Diarrhea↗
PubMed1978

[Cytostatica and small intestine (author's transl)].

Cytostatica not only suppress proliferation in tumor cells but it also checks proliferation in small intestinal epithelium. The consequence is cell reduction and damage resulting in a diminished function. Because of the high reserve capacity of the small intestinal epithelium, clinical signs of diminished function are mostly seen after repeated high doses or one extremely high doses of Cytostatica. Although there is abundant information on the effect of Cytostatica on the small intestinal epithelium (cell turnover, morphology, digestive enzymes and absorption) there are other areas that are as urgent for the interested clinician to work on: 1. Would it be possible to coincide the dose and dosage rate with the cell cycles to reduce the chance of damage to small intestinal epithelium? 2. Which role has the luminal content when there is damage from Cytostatica? Is it possible to concentrate on changing the luminal contents (antibiotics, "elemental diet", cultivate desirable microflora, etc.) Therefore diminishing the damage from Cytostatica? 3. How would Cytostatica influence the barrier function on the intestinal wall? Should the patient on Cytostatica therapy receive special protection against intestinal infection? 4. Does Cytostatica affect the biotransformation in the small intestinal epithelium, especially when taken orally? How important is this biotransformation in small intestinal epithelium damaged by Cytostatica therapy? 5. What factors determine the regeneration of the small intestinal epithelium after Cytostatica damage?

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Influence of specimen withdrawal on the results of chemical analyses of blood, plasma and serum in patients with stable or centralized circulation (author's transl)].

The influence of circulatory conditions, point of blood withdrawal (arterial, central or peripheral venous) and the plasma-serum relation on 29 clinical chemical and hematological parameters were studied with 22 polytraumatized patients. The conditions studied significantly affect the results, and must be taken into consideration in evaluating the results and their comparison to reference values. This is especially important for the determination of the catalytic activities of creatine kinase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, and alkaline phosphatase in centralized-circulatory patients, for the total protein the electrophoretic fractions and analyses of blood gas as a function of the point of blood withdrawal, and for the total protein, gamma-globulins and potassium when plasma is analysed instead of serum.

Blood Cells↗
PubMed1978

Reproducibility of the intravenous galactose tolerance test.

The reproducibility of the intravenous galactose tolerance test was investigated in eight healthy volunteers by performing the test five times under identical conditions in each individual. The results show that the interindividual scattering is much greater than the intraindividual variation. Therefore, and in connexion with the results of a previous investigation, the conclusion can be drawn that the intravenous galactose tolerance test is more suitable for the longitudinal course of patients than for the detection of an impaired liver function. A simplification of the test is possible by measuring the fasting galactose concentration and the blood galactose concentration 40 minutes after the galactose load.

Galactose↗
PubMed1978

[Diagnostic value of the lipoprotein-X determination (author's transl)].

LP-X was investigated in the serum of 221 patients with and without cholestasis. The diagnostic sensitivity and the diagnostic specificity of the test were 0.9 and 0.88, respectively. When this test is used on a non-selected collective, however, the predictive value of the positive test is very low, whereas negative results have a high diagnostic value. Thus, in practice, LP-X is more suitable for the exclusion, rather than the detection of cholestasis.

Cholestasis↗
PubMed1977

The influence of fluocortolone treatment on the collagen content in guinea pig skin.

Specific pathogen free guinea pigs were treated with varying dosis of fluocortolone for 15 days. The treated animals showed the same per cent weight gain as the controls. The total hydroxyproline content of the skin and the hydroxyproline content in different collagen fractions was the same in treated and untreated animals. Thus fluocortolone seems to have no specific effect on the synthesis or the breakdown of collagen in the guinea pig skin. Also the physical development of the animals, kept under defined conditions, failed to show a catabolic effect of of fluorcortolone.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Clinical chemistry and preventive medicine (author's transl)].

In a workshop conference of the German Society for Clinical Chemistry, clinical chemical parameters, which are important in preventive medicine, were discussed for three common diseases, diabetes mellitus, gout and chronic liver diseases. In addition the analytical and diagnostic reliability was evaluated for each of these parameters.

Chemistry, Clinical↗
PubMed1977

Measurement of enzyme activity and substrates in intestinal mucosa. Evaluation of a system for quality control in clinical and experimental gastroenterology.

Widely used methods in diagnostical and experimental gastroenterology like measuring the protein-and DNA-content and the activity of alkaline phosphatase and sucrase of intestinal mucosa were adapted to a microliter system and partly automatized. With "artificial" control material a system for statistical quality control was established. Lastly the results on up to three years experience with this control system were presented showing an imprecision within run below 5% and an in-imprecision between run below 8% in all methods.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗