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Biomedical subjects

K Ruiz

Publications and source records attributed to K Ruiz.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Topical bupivacaine for pain control following simple dental extractions.

OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to examine the effectiveness of topically applied bupivacaine 0.25% with adrenaline 1:200,000, for post-operative analgesia in children undergoing dental extractions under general anaesthesia. DESIGN: Randomised double blind study in a single centre. SETTING: An outpatient dental clinic in a district general hospital, in England, in 1997. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Subjects were selected from children of age 7-15 years having six or less extractions, and randomised using the closed envelope technique. INTERVENTIONS: The local anaesthetic used was bupivacaine 0.25% with adrenaline 1:200,000. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Children were asked on waking from the anaesthetic whether they had pain or not. Pain was reassessed five and ten minutes post application of swabs to determine any changes in pain. RESULTS: Forty-eight children were recruited, of these 18 had no pain post-operatively and 6 were withdrawn due to a lack of cooperation. Twelve children were randomised to each group. There were 6 boys and 6 girls in the bupivacaine group (age 7-15 years), and 4 boys and 8 girls in the saline group. Bupivacaine 0.25% with adrenaline soaked swabs resulted in a significant reduction in pain in 10 children at 10 minutes (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Bupivacaine 0.25% with adrenaline 1:200,000, on application to exposed sockets is a simple technique that may provide useful post-operative analgesia.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1997

A comparison of the nasal mask and the nasopharyngeal airway in paediatric chair dental anaesthesia.

This study compared the quality of anaesthesia and surgical access afforded by two techniques for the administration of anaesthesia during paediatric chair dental procedures. A total of 50 ASA 1 paediatric day case patients were randomly assigned to receive anaesthesia through either the traditional Goldman nasal mask or through a nasopharyngeal airway. Patients in the nasal mask group were judged to have significantly worse airway patency (p = 0.0001) and significantly more episodes of airway obstruction (14 vs. 4; p = 0.0032) than those in the nasopharyngeal airway group. Anaesthetic, surgical and oxygen saturation data did not differ significantly between the two groups. Operating conditions were universally graded as excellent in the nasopharyngeal airway group, while those in the nasal mask group were graded as excellent/good in only 79% of cases (p < 0.0001). These results suggest that better quality anaesthesia and operating conditions can be achieved by using a nasopharyngeal airway rather than the traditional nasal mask for the administration of anaesthesia to paediatric chair dental patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Giant epicardial lipoma.

A patient undergoing coronary artery bypass was found to have a giant epicardial lipoma weighing 1.36 kg which was excised uneventfully. The radiological and pathophysiological features are considered, and the options for management discussed.

Cardiac Tamponade↗
PubMed1990

Was CEPOD right?

This retrospective study found that the long-term (greater than 6 months) postoperative survival in ASA 4E and 5E patients was 41% and 21% respectively, in 1986. This supports the Confidential Enquiry into Peri-operative Deaths' recommendation that life-saving surgery should not be withheld from patients who present in so serious a condition that they are unlikely to survive surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Midazolam--does it cause resedation?

The objective of this double blind study was to compare the sedation following the intravenous injections of midazolam in three dose levels (0.07, 0.10 and 0.15 mg/kg), and to assess the time taken after each dose to return to street fitness. Recovery was monitored by measurement of reaction time. The mean results for each dose were compared against placebo and each other using the Student's t-test. All doses gave a significant (p less than 0.05) lengthening of reaction time compared to placebo. The two highest doses gave similar results when compared to 0.07 mg/kg, but not when compared to each other. Reaction times always returned to control values within 3 hours of injection. The Deletion of Ps test was also employed. A significant correlation was found between the results of reaction time testing and the Deletion of Ps test.

Adolescent↗