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Biomedical subjects

K S Abdel-Wahab

Publications and source records attributed to K S Abdel-Wahab.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Waterborne viruses associated with repeated abortion.

In this study we tried to find the role of some waterborne viruses in repeated abortion of women. The study includes maternal blood serum and fetal tissue. The serum of full-term delivered women was taken as a control. All collected samples were inoculated on BGM and Hep2G cells to detect entero and Hepatitis E viruses. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was also carried out for IgM and IgG antibodies against HEV in all serum samples. HEV-Ag was determined by dot-ELISA, which used also for enterovirus typing. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used for detection of entero and HE virus RNAs in the collected serum samples. To follow up the source of virus transmission, the wastewater treatment plant which serves the area of samples population was studied at the intake and the final effluent for the presence of hepatitis E virus and enteroviruses with special reference to coxsackieviruses. Wastewater samples were collected for 1 year and for enterovirus concentration the adsorption-elution on nitrocellulose membrane was used and for HEV, two methods of virus concentration were used, urea arginine phosphate buffer (U-APB) and PEG8000. The results of HEV investigation of aborted women sera was 22% for IgG, 3% for IgM, 20% HEV-Ag, and 16% of HEV-RNA by RT-PCR. For fetal tissue, HEV-Ag was detected in 5% of the collected samples. The detected enteroviruses were coxsackieviruses types 2, 3,4 and 5 in all serum samples and wastewater samples. The results showed also, that virus concentration by U-APB is much better than PEG-8000 but not highly efficient.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1992

Evidence of a 1985-1987 outbreak of acute and chronic hepatitis in Egypt caused by a mutant hepatitis-B virus detected by spot-DNA hybridization test.

Sera from 65 acute and 113 chronic sporadic hepatitis were screened for serological markers of hepatitis-B virus (HBV) and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) and for HBV-DNA. The enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) and dot-DNA hybridization tests were used. Two HBV-DNA probes and their labelling systems (biotin, radiolabelling with 32P and digoxigenin) were compared for sensitivity and specificity. The 65 acute sera had serological parameters of HBV infection in 38 (58%) when all these sera were HBsAg, IgM anti HBcAg positive plus HBeAg presence in 11/38 sera. Some of the acute sera had markers of acute HBV and HDV coinfection in 14 and superinfection in 13. Thus HBV with HDV represented 27 (41.5%) of the acute hepatitis in this study. Correlation of these serological markers with dot-DNA hybridization results showed that serum HBV-DNA was present in 36/38 (94.7%) of the acute HBV infection. In the case of acute HBV+HDV positive antigenemia 4/6 had serum HBV-DNA while 10/21 of acute HBV with anti-deltaV. IgM had serum HBV-DNA. There were four cases that gave HBV-DNA positivity in sera without combination of HBV markers suggesting infection with "mutant" HBV. In the chronic hepatitis sera there were markers of HBV past infection (IgG anti HBc in 63/113 and IgG anti HBs in 36/113). Yet, among these sera there was HBV-DNA positive signals (20/63 and 17/36) respectively. Analysis of some of these HBV markers also suggested infection with "mutant" HBV.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1990

Influence of feeding and starvation on the persistence and transmission of Quaranfil virus by Argas (Persicargas) arboreus (Acari: Argasidae).

Viral antigen was detected in the cytoplasm and in associated membranes of salivary gland acinus cells by indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining. Viral ribonucleoproteins (indicated histochemically by presence of pyroninophilic granules) which had accumulated in the cytoplasm of salivary gland type B (granular) acini of unfed Argas (Persicargas) arboreus Kaiser, Hoogstraal & Kohls were no longer visible 24 h after feeding. Virus in tick salivary glands increased from 300 to 500 plaque-forming units during the brief feeding interval (approximately 1 h), but virus was not detectable by 72 h. Overall salivary gland, ovarian, and synganglion tissue levels of Quaranfil virus decreased in the 96 h after feeding, except for synganglion samples in which virus titers increased during 24 h after feeding. Starvation for 105 d resulted in a sevenfold increase in salivary gland viral content compared with those starved 45 d, whereas synganglion tissue titers for Quaranfil virus became undetectable, and ovarian tissue values were similar to those starved for 45 d. Feeding had a greater effect on viral persistence in tissues for ticks starved 60 additional d (comparing 45 with 105 d) in that no Quaranfil virus was detected in any tissue after 48 h (compared with 72 h). Feeding infected ticks (with short extrinsic incubation) on chicks resulted in a peak of host mortality on days 7 and 8, whereas long extrinsic incubation resulted in sporadic mortality over 20 d of monitoring.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis by immunofluorescence and enzyme immunoassay.

Cerebrospinal fluid was collected from 29 patients with tuberculous meningitis, 21 and 7 patients with bacterial and viral meningitis and 5 normal subjects. Pressure, aspect, glucose, protein and cellular content of CSF were studied. Detection of acid fast bacilli in direct film stained by Zeil Neilsen (Z.N.) and fluorochrom (Fl.Ch.) and Culture on Lowenstein Jensen media were done. Then specific immunoglobulin G & M to Mycobacteria were assayed by Immunofluorescence (IF using BCG) and by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant assay (ELISA) using protein-A of M. Tuberculosis. It was found that diagnosis of M. Tuberculosis by CSF culture was more sensitive than by direct CSF film stained with Z.N. or Fl.Ch. stain (positive in 44.8%, 10.3% and 17.2% of cases respectively). It was noticed that the detection of CSF IgG antibodies was more sensitive than IgM antibodies either by IF or ELISA. By comparing ELISA and IF tests for detection of specific anti-mycobacterial immunoglobulin in CSF, it was clear that the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA was more than IF test. A positive result for antimycobacteria IgG antibodies was obtained in 79.3% and 58.6% of cases respectively (p less than 0.05). None of the CSF of normal controls, bacterial and viral meningitis cases gave positive antimycobacteria IgG by ELISA while 9.5% of the CSF of bacterial and 14.3% of aseptic meningitis cases gave positive results with IF. The sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of the described ELISA test, make it useful for early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

An outbreak of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis caused by enterovirus 70 in Jeddah during 1985.

Seventy-five cases of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (A.H.C.) were subjected to full ophthalmic, bacteriological, virological, serological as well as cytological examinations. The majority of cases presented with bilateral conjunctivitis (70 out of 75). Although follicular reaction was the earliest sign, yet subconjunctival haemorrhages were the most constant findings in all the cases. Enterovirus 70 was isolated in 57 cases from conjunctival swabs and in 43 cases from serum samples. Complement flaxation test was positive for enterovirus 70 in 42 cases but negative for coxsackie and adenoviruses. No primary role has been found for bacteria in the pathogenesis of A.H.C. in this outbreak. Cytological examination of conjunctival scrappings showed the characteristics cytopathic effect (CPE) of enteroviruses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Experimental infection and protection of lambs with a minute plaque variant of Rift Valley fever virus.

The injection of a single dose containing 5 X 10(3) plaque forming units (PFU) of a minute plaque variant of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) into two susceptible lambs resulted in no detectable viremia, pyrexia or clinical signs of disease. Immunization with the minute plaque variant induced neutralizing antibody as early as seven days postinoculation; however, no complement fixing antibodies were detected. Lambs immunized in this manner were protected when challenged with an infectious dose containing 1 X 10(3) PFU of wild type RVFV. These data indicate that the minute plaque variant may hold promise as a candidate live virus animal vaccine.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Rift Valley Fever virus infections in Egypt: Pathological and virological findings in man.

Ten strains of Rift Valley Fever virus were isolated from serum samples from acute human cases collected during an epidemic of undifferentiated febrile illness. Post-mortem samples were obtained from two fatal infections. Severe liver necrosis, interstitial pneumonia and myocardial degeneration were seen. Rift Valley Fever virus was isolated from post-mortem samples of liver, cerebro-spinal, pericardial and pleural fluid and from a throat swab. The virus was also isolated from nasopharyngeal washings suggesting that direct transmission from man to man may be possible.

Adult↗