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Biomedical subjects

K S Naidoo

Publications and source records attributed to K S Naidoo.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Cystic tuberculosis of bone in children.

We treated 13 children with histologically confirmed cystic tuberculosis of bone. Ten had solitary cystic lesions and three had the multicystic form. Signs and symptoms were related mainly to the joint adjacent to the cyst. Most lesions were in the metaphyses of long bones. They were radiolucent, round or oval, and resembled pyogenic infections, aneurysmal and simple bone cysts, cartilaginous tumours or osteoid osteoma. Only two of the children had pulmonary tuberculosis. The Mantoux skin test was negative in four children and the ESR was normal in five. Curettage followed by anti-tuberculosis therapy for one year resulted in good healing, but two children had residual joint contractures. Biopsy should be taken from the cystic area rather than from the synovium when a joint is involved.

Bone Cysts↗
PubMed1992

Foot deformities and occult spinal abnormalities in children: a review of 16 cases.

A retrospective clinical and radiologic study was made of 16 children with foot deformities and associated occult spinal abnormalities in a 3-year period. Eleven children had bilateral foot deformities; the deformities were unilateral in five. Midline cutaneous lesions of the back were noted in 13 children; the most common dermal sign was a hairy patch. All children had radiologic features of spinal dysraphism on combined computed tomography (CT) scan and myelogram. Spinal dysraphism was not considered in the initial assessment of four children. Children with foot deformity should therefore have a careful assessment of the spine, including a neurologic evaluation.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children by early spica casting.

Eighty-five children with femoral shaft fractures were studied prospectively to determine the benefits of early application of a single-hip spica cast. They were compared with 85 children with similar fractures treated by skin traction for 4 weeks followed by a spica cast for 2 weeks. The study revealed that femoral shaft fractures in children can be treated in a single-hip spica cast with results comparable to those achieved by traction. The additional advantages were substantial savings in cost, early reunion of child with parents and increased availability of beds.

Casts, Surgical↗
PubMed1988

Results of surgical decompression in chronic tuberculous paraplegia.

The results of surgical decompression in 117 patients with chronic tuberculous paraplegia, defined as paraplegia persisting for more than 3 months, were reviewed. After surgery 90 patients were able to walk. Significant findings at surgery were marked extradural fibrosis with very little caseation and pus. The study showed that paraplegia of greater than 6 months' duration was associated with a poor result. There were no cases of reactivation of the disease in the follow-up period ranging from 1 year to 4 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Echinococcal infection of the spine with neural involvement.

Hydatid disease due to Taenia echinococcus involves bone in about 1% of all cases. The spine is involved in about 50% of cases. Neural compression is common in the form of paraplegia or nerve root compression. The prognosis with spinal involvement is generally regarded as very poor and often likened to that of spinal cancer. Four cases of spinal hydatid with neural involvement are presented. Three were treated by anterior spinal decompression and all four were treated with mebendazole. The results show good neural recovery and it is concluded that the prognosis is not as dismal as it was formerly thought to be.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Nerve compression injuries due to traumatic false aneurysm.

Experience with 17 patients with delayed onset of compression neuropraxia due to hemorrhage following nonoperative treatment of penetrating arterial injuries is presented. Fifteen cases involved the arteries of the neck shoulder girdle and upper extremity and two the gluteal vessels. This resulted in dysfunction of components of the brachial plexus, median ulnar, and sciatic nerves. Follow-up extended from 3 to 18 months. Of 10 brachial plexus lesions two recovered fully, five partially, and three not at all. Of seven peripheral nerve injuries, full recovery occurred in two patients and none in five. Adverse prognostic factors for neurological recovery are sepsis, involvement of intrinsic hand innervation and the sciatic nerve. An improved prognosis may be expected for upper trunk lesions of the brachial plexus and radial nerve lesions. The complication is essentially avoidable and a careful appraisal of the circulatory status must be made in all patients with penetrating trauma in the neck and shoulder girdle and buttock.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Unreduced posterior dislocations of the elbow.

Twenty-three patients, aged from 10 to 60 years, underwent open reduction for untreated posterior dislocations of the elbow. The dislocations had been unreduced for periods varying from one month to two years. All patients underwent a standard procedure based on the Speed technique. Complications after operation included one case of gross sepsis and five cases of ulnar neuritis. Most patients gained a useful range of flexion-extension of the elbow. Neither the age of the patient nor the duration of the unreduced dislocation influenced the result.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Supracondylar fractures: posterolateral type with brachialis muscle penetration and neurovascular injury.

Twenty-seven children with vascular deficit associated with the displaced posterolateral type of supracondylar fracture were explored surgically. Twenty-two children had median nerve signs. Associated clinical findings were bruising, tethering or puckering of the skin in the antecubital region, and a palpable subcutaneous medial spike of the proximal humeral fragment, indicating that the brachialis muscle was penetrated. Manipulation was avoided in such cases. At exploration, the neurovascular bundle was found trapped anterior to the fracture edge in 18 cases, dislocated behind the fracture edge in five cases, and separated by the spike in four cases. Fasciotomy of the antecubital region was performed, and the neurovascular bundle was released from entrapment. The vessel pulsated after release in 21 cases, vascular procedures were done in four, and the vessel ends were ligated in two completely lacerated vessels. Manipulation should be avoided in displaced posterolateral supracondylar fractures with neurovascular deficit when there is clinical evidence that the brachialis muscle belly has been buttonholed.

Accidental Falls↗