PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K S Wayne

Publications and source records attributed to K S Wayne.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Nutrition and the elderly.

As the size of the elderly population grows, nutrition for the elderly has assumed increasing significance. Osteoporosis is a prime example of a disease which is, at least partially, nutritionally related and of great importance in this population. Not only may essential nutrients be in short supply in the diet during later years, but impaired absorption and utilization may actually dictate increased amounts to prevent disease. The optimal amount of protein in the diet is not yet known, but a decrease in caloric intake as people age is probably desirable.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation. A review of mechanisms and actions.

In situations characterized by a substantial decrease in lung compliance and a large alveolar-arterial oxygen tension gradient, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation is often effective in enhancing arterial oxygen content. It may have a variable effect on cardiac output based in part on the level of end-expiratory pressure, the state of intravascular volume, and the pathophysiology of the underlying pulmonary abnormality. It is most beneficial in conditions manifesting diminished lung compliance. Evidence is clear that PEEP may decrease expiratory shunting by maintaining alveolar patency, thereby increasing functional residual capacity. It may not prevent and may actually favor accumulation of interstitial lung water. Commonly employed levels of PEEP result in a 7% incidence of pneumothorax. The most advantageous level of PEEP is variable and is determined by sequential monitoring of multiple physiologic indexes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Probable familial congenital bronchiectasis due to cartilage deficiency (Williams-Campbell syndrome).

Two siblings in whom respiratory symptoms developed immediately after birth subsequently were found to have bronchiectasis with strikingly similar distribution of lesions (mainly lower lobes). Inspiratory and expiratory bronchograms performed on one of the siblings demonstrated marked ballooning and collapse of proximal bronchi during tidal breathing. The clinical courses and roentgenographic findings, in the absence of other underlying abnormalities, suggest that the basic disease process was the absence of bronchial cartilage (Williams-Campbell syndrome). This would be the first reported familial occurrence of this syndrome. The familial pattern and the neonatal onset of symptoms support the theory of a congenital basis for this variety of bronchiectasis.

Adolescent↗