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Biomedical subjects

K Samuelson

Publications and source records attributed to K Samuelson.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Serum bile acids as markers of juvenile liver disease in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.

Serum bile acids were studied in 34 patients, aged 7/12 to 20 years, with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. Of these patients, 27 were of Pi-phenotype Z and 7 of SZ. Liver biopsy according to Menghini was performed in 19 patients. Fasting serum levels of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids, determined by radioimmunoassay, were compared to conventional liver function tests and liver morphology. All patients with morphological liver cirrhosis had increased fasting levels of serum bile acids. The other patients, including those with severe fibrosis, had normal values. Although standard liver function tests were more pathological in the cirrhotic patients than in the others, serum fasting bile acids seemed to be the most distinct markers of severe liver disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Serum and urinary bile acids in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.

Serum concentrations and daily urinary excretions of unsulphated and total cholic (C) and chenodeoxycholic (CDC) acid were determined by radioimmunoassay in 15 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Thirteen patients had increased fasting serum bile acid concentrations; two of them had an increase of C only. An increase of C and CDC in serum was always followed by an increased urinary excretion of C and CDC. The individual serum bile acids were separated by gas-liquid chromatography. 3 beta-hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid was increased in nine patients, and its serum concentration was correlated to the total serum bile acid concentration. Deoxycholic (DC) and lithocholic (LC) acid were found in most patients, but their serum concentrations were not correlated to the total serum bile acid concentration. Minor bile acids comprised an average of 2% of the total concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Serum level of biliary glycoprotein I, a determinant of cholestasis, of similar use as gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase.

Biliary glycoprotein I (BGP I), a constituent of normal bile and serum, is a glycoprotein (mol. wt. approximately 90,000) containing about 40% carbohydrate. Serum BGP I (S-BGP I) was determined by means of a double-antibody radioimmunoassay in patients with liver and gastrointestinal disease and in healthy individuals. The serum levels of five liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase (S-ALP), gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (S-GT), and lactic dehydrogenase), bilirubin (total and conjugated), and bile acids (cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid) were determined in parallel. Healthy individuals had 0.5 +/- 0.3 mg/l of S-BGP I (mean +/- 2 S.D.; range, 0.2-0.9 mg/l). Most patients with liver disease (chronic hepatitis, alcoholic cirrhosis, primary biliary cirrhosis) had elevated levels, up to 5-10 times the upper reference limit, whereas most patients with gastrointestinal disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, other GI diseases) had normal values. In patients with liver disease S-BGP I was positively correlated (p less than 0.0005) to S-GT. In primary biliary cirrhosis a positive correlation (p less than 0.005) between S-BGP I and S-ALP was also obtained. All other comparisons between S-BGP I and the other liver function tests showed non-significant correlations. It is concluded that S-BGP I is a determinant of cholestasis of similar use as S-GT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Evaluation of fasting serum bile acid concentration in patients with liver and gastrointestinal disorders.

Fasting concentrations of S-cholate, S-chenodeoxycholate, S-aminotransferases, S-bilirubin, S-alkaline phosphatases, and S-glutamyltransferase were determined in 564 outpatients with disorders of the liver and gastrointestinal tract. Unsulphated conjugates of cholic (fS-C) and chenodeoxycholic acid (fS-CDC) were determined by radioimmunoassay. In patients with increased serum bile acid concentrations fS-C and fS-CDC were linearly correlated, and the fS-C/fS-CDC ratio was similar in all patient groups. The incidence of false-positive results of fS-CDC was probably due to inadequate fasting and comparison of fS-C only with the liver tests. In 51 patients with verified cirrhosis fS-C was significantly correlated with S-bilirubin in a semilogarithmic relation but not with S-alkaline phosphatases or S-glutamyltransferase. fS-C was found to be a sensitive indicator of liver disease in the anicteric stage. Of 207 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, 63 had 1 or several of the results of liver tests for cholestasis elevated. There was no correlation between the different tests. In these patients and all patients with gastrointestinal disorders the commonest single finding was an elevation of S-alkaline phosphatases not associated with cholestasis.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1980

Radioimmunoassay of serum bile acids in normal pregnancy and in recurrent cholestasis of pregnancy.

Radioimmunoassay has been used to quantitate the conjugates of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid in venous blood from women in different stages of normal pregnancy and in patients with recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (RCP). The levels of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid were shown to be within normal limits throughout uncomplicated pregnancy, and elevated in RCP. Because of RIAs simplicity and reliability, it is suggested that this method can be used to detect and follow the course of RCP and to assess the possible influence of treatment, e.g. diet.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1980

Determination of urinary cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid conjugates with radioimmunoassay.

Radioimmunoassays were developed for the determination of urinary unsulphated and total cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid conjugates. For the determination of unsulphated bile acid conjugates the urine was assayed directly after adjustment of pH to 7.4. The total conjugates were determined after extraction of the bile acids on an XAD-2 column, solvolysis of the sulphated bile acids and purification on a second XAD-2 column. Comparison of the results obtained using radioimmunoassay with those obtained using gas chromatography on twenty-two urine samples from patients with different types of liver disease and on ten urine samples from healthy subjects indicated a good correlation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Radioimmunoassay compared to an enzymatic method for serum bile acid determination.

Radioimmunoassay (RIA) of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid was compared to a total bile acid determination with 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 alpha-HSD) and a gas liquid chromatographic (GLC) determination of individual bile acids. When sera from patients with increased bile acid concentration were analysed the results indicated a good correlation between GLC and the other methods. Analysis of sera from healthy subjects indicated a good correlation between GLC and RIA. There exists no correlation between RIA and 3 alpha-HSD when serum bile acids were analysed in healthy subjects in part due to the presence of varying amounts of secondary bile acids.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1980

Protective effect of prostaglandin E2 in the gastrointestinal tract during indomethacin treatment of rheumatic diseases.

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) induce the formation of bleeding gastric and intestinal ulcers in experimental animals. The damage can be prevented by prior local administration of prostaglandins, indicating that prostaglandins have protective properties on the gastrointestinal mucosa. The protective effect was studied in humans by measuring the fecal blood loss during indomethacin treatment of 18 patients with rheumatic diseases with and without concomitant oral supplementation with 1 mg prostaglandin E2 three times daily. The study had a randomized double-blind crossover design using 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes as marker of gastrointestinal bleeding. Indomethacin increased the daily fecal blood loss from 1.0 +/- 0.3 to 2.8 +/- 0.6 ml (P less than 0.005). When oral PGE2 was taken concomitantly, the blood loss was reduced to 1.1 +/- 0.2 ml daily (P less than 0.01), i.e., to the control level. Side effects of prostaglandin E2 were negligible, and the beneficial effect of indomethacin on joint status and symptoms was not interfered with. No changes were recorded in repeated blood tests except for a slightly reduced hemoglobin and a small but statistically significant reduction of serum-calcium during indomethacin treatment, an effect hitherto not described in normocalcemic human subjects. A protective effect on the gastrointestinal mucosa by oral prostaglandin E2 has by the present study been demonstrated also in humans. The protection is unrelated to the gastric acid secretion, which is not inhibited by oral prostaglandin E2. The finding may have clinical application, as gastrointestinal side effects and bleeding are common reasons for discontinuation of NSAID in patients with rheumatic diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Serum bile acids after a test meal in Crohn's disease.

The serum levels of conjugated cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid have been studied before and during a 4 h period after the intake of a liquid test meal in seven control subjects and in fourteen patients with Crohn's disease. The concentrations of serum bile acids were determined by radioimmunoassay. The control group showed a postprandial increase of both conjugates with a return to the fasting level for cholic acid within 4 h. The chenodeoxycholic acid conjugate did not return to the fasting level within the test period. The serum bile acid concentration in Crohn's disease divided the patients in two groups; one group with decreased or normal fasting levels and low postprandial increase and another group with elevated fasting levels and a postprandial increase without return to the fasting levels within the test period.

Adolescent↗