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K Sanchez

Publications and source records attributed to K Sanchez.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Cytokeratin 7 and cytokeratin 20 in primary urinary bladder carcinoma and matched lymph node metastasis.

BACKGROUND: -Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) are 2 types of intermediate filament protein. Expression of CK7 is seen in the majority of primary urinary bladder carcinomas. CK20 is restricted to superficial and occasional intermediate cells of the normal urothelium of the bladder. Aberrant CK20 expression has been documented in urothelial carcinoma and has proved useful as an ancillary diagnostic aid for urinary bladder tumor. Our hypothesis is that the pattern of CK7 and CK20 expression in metastatic urothelial carcinoma duplicates the expression of the same markers in the primary tumors. Therefore, immunohistochemical staining of metastatic tumors for these 2 markers may be helpful for differential diagnosis in ambiguous metastatic tumor deposits. OBJECTIVE: -To determine the concordance of CK7 and CK20 expression in primary bladder urothelial carcinoma and the matched lymph node metastasis. DESIGN: -We studied 26 patients with lymph node metastases who underwent radical cystectomy and bilateral lymphadenectomy for bladder carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining for CK7 and CK20 was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues containing primary cancers and lymph node metastases. RESULTS: -In all cases, there was a concordant expression of CK20 in the primary cancer and its matched lymph node metastasis. Twelve cases (46%) showed positive CK20 immunoreactivity in the primary tumor and its matched lymph node metastases, whereas 14 cases (54%) were negative for CK20 in both the primary tumor and lymph node metastasis. All cases showed positive CK7 immunoreactivity in the primary cancers and matched lymph node metastases. CONCLUSIONS: -CK20 immunoreactivity is reliably observed in metastases from bladder cancer when the primary tumor expresses CK20.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

In-house versus on-call attending trauma surgeons at comparable level I trauma centers: a prospective study.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to prospectively compare patient outcomes based on the presence of in-house versus on-call attending trauma surgeons at comparable Level I trauma centers. METHODS: Two designated Level I trauma centers agreed to prospectively review trauma admissions over a 6-month period, one institution with 24-hour in-house trauma attending surgeons (IH), and the other with trauma-attending surgeons taking call from home (OC) available to the hospital within 15 minutes of notification. A 6-month prospective study was conducted reviewing all trauma patients admitted to both trauma centers with an Injury Severity Score > or =16. Comparisons were made between institutions utilizing admission demographics, clinical presentation, times to clinical care, and mortality rates. RESULTS: In comparison, OC and IH institutions were distinctly different in geographic environment, size, and number of patients admitted. As a group, IH patients were significantly older, with higher Injury Severity Scores and lower Glasgow Coma Scale scores than the OC group. In all comparisons, OC trauma attending surgeons responded to the trauma room with equal speed or more rapidly when compared with IH trauma attending surgeons. There were no other significant differences in either population in times to provision of clinical care or in clinical outcome. CONCLUSION: The ability of the OC institution to be similar to the IH institution in its provision of clinical care and mortality rate is accomplished in an environment where trauma attending surgeons live within a 15-minute response time to the trauma center. Using a voice-paged trauma alert activation with accurate information and sufficient warning, evaluation, provision of care, and clinical outcome of the acutely injured patient can be provided equally by in-house trauma attending surgeons and trauma attending surgeons on-call from home.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Ryanodine and theophylline-induced depletion of energy stores in amphibian muscle.

The effects of high and low levels of ryanodine on theophylline-induced energy depletion were studied in isolated frog sartorius muscle. Whereas low concentrations of ryanodine (1-10 microM) did not change high energy phosphate contents (PE) after 60 min, high levels (100 microM) reduced resting energy contents by 60% after 60 min. Subcontracture levels of theophylline (2 mM), in the presence of high ryanodine, produced an 80% PE depletion, suggesting possible additive or synergistic effects of these two agents. In contrast to theophylline-induced depletion, neither the ryanodine-induced depletion nor the theophylline-plus-ryanodine-induced depletion of PE seemed sensitive to inhibition by 1 mM procaine. This suggests that there may be differences in the mechanisms whereby methylxanthines and ryanodine deplete energy stores and evoke contractures in amphibian skeletal muscle.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗