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Biomedical subjects

K Schander

Publications and source records attributed to K Schander.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Bioavailability of 17 beta-estradiol after transdermal administration--dependence on the patch system].

The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of serum estradiol concentrations after application of two different transdermal estradiol delivery systems. Ten postmenopausal women (E2 < or = 30 pg/ml; follicle-stimulating hormone > or = 30 mIE/ml) were prospectively randomized to a crossover treatment protocol separated by a 7-day wash out period. The absorption of estradiol was measured after application of a patch either containing 4.0 mg of E2 in a reservoir system or 1.8 mg of E2 in a specially designed matrix system. Although the increase of serum estradiol concentrations after application of the patches with the matrix system was slightly delayed, mean E2 levels over the whole observation period of 80 hours were significantly higher than those achieved with the reservoir system (difference of mean values: 5.1 pg/ml; p < 0.05). This observation was most striking at the end of the observation period and after removal of the patches. Yet, fluctuations of hormone concentrations were greater with the matrix system patches, and the areas under the E2 concentration-time curves were slightly but not significantly increased as compared to these of the patches with the reservoir system (3211 +/- 584 vs. 2556 +/- 249 pg/ml x h). In conclusion, both transdermal estradiol delivery systems are well suited for postmenopausal hormone substitution providing stable serum estradiol concentrations at about 50 pg/ml, with the matrix system possibly increasing the life span of the patch and thus the recommended application period.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1989

[The course and treatment of an ovarian pregnancy in the 3d trimester].

The course of a right ovarian pregnancy advanced up to the 35th week is described. The only pathognomonical symptom was a constant retrocervical tumor which was not identified as the contracted uterus. The analysis of this and 16 further cases of such ovarian pregnancies published between 1950 and 1981 leeds to the following conclusions: 1. Predisponant factors for an ovarian pregnancy occurring in a frequency of ca. 1:30,000 of all pregnancies are inflammatory diseases, surgery of the pelvis and fertility-disorders in the case-history. 2. The course of the ovarian pregnancy progreeded up to the third trimester in around 12% of the cases is characterised by an almost complete lack of symptoms. Vaginal bleedings and pain in the adnex-area may occur. 3. The monitoring as cardiotocography, chemical analysis of the placental function and the ultrasonography do not provide any clear findings to confirm the diagnosis. 4. As essential clinical indications can be considered a tumor in the pelvis of constant size discovered during the pregnancy mainly in combinations with a dislocated cervix of the uterus, a persistent anomaly of the fetal position, and a fetus palpable directly under the abdominal wall. 5. If an ovarian pregnancy is assumed an immediate operative revision is indicated. Exceptionally, in the second half of the pregnancy a delay of the operation can be justified until the fetus is able to survive. 6. The surgery of the advanced ovarian pregnancy should be as conservative as possible and reduced to the removal of the concerning adnexe.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Comparison of the incidence and causes of micturition disorders in surgical and stress incontinent patients].

The urological status of 133 women undergoing non-urological surgery was investigated. 16 (12%) revealed stress urinary incontinence requiring treatment, in 10 (8%) stress urinary incontinence was corrected surgically earlier on, 7 (5%) suffered from UTI. The urological status of the remaining 100 women was compared to that of 200 women who underwent surgery for stress urinary incontinence investigated in a previous study. In both groups there were no significant differences in weight, coughing and hard work which are thought to be related to the origin of stress urinary incontinence. However in the urological group trauma by multiple child bearing was significant more common as well as a pathological micturition symptomatology. 33 of the surgical women occasionally observed minimal wetting without needing treatment. This disturbance might be called "stress urinary incontinence degree 0" because it cannot be placed in the classification according to Ingelman-Sundberg.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Long-term results of the operative treatment of stress incontinence by anterior colporrhaphy with diaphragmplasty].

200 female patients who were subjected to colporrhaphia anterior with Kelly-Kennedy sutures between 1972 and 1978 in addition to a vaginal hysterectomy as therapy for SUI, returned a completed katamnestic questionnaire. By means of a five-step scale basing on a pattern by Heidenreich and the Ingelman-Sundberg incontinence scale based on incontinence-inducing situations, we achieved success (healing or markable improvement) just after the operation of 76% and 2-8 years after the operation of 70%. The reasons of failure are described in detail with suggestions to improve the rate of success.

Female↗
PubMed1984

[Prevention of postoperative adhesions--animal experiment study].

Standardised lesions were placed on both uterine horns and on the abdominal wall of seventy-five female rabbits. The animals were divided into five groups consisting of 15 animals each. Before closure of the peritoneum the following drugs were applied in the peritoneal cavity: Group I received NaCl (control), Group II received 10 ml poly-(1-vinyl-1-pyrrolidone)-iodine complex (Betaisodona), Group III received 100 000 I. U. streptokinase and 25 000 I. U. streptodornase (Varidase), Group IV received 100 000 KIE approtinine (AntagosanA) and Group V received triamcinolone acetonide (Volon A-Haftsalbe). Two weeks after surgery the animals were relaparotomised and the situs was inspected. Quality and extent of the adhesions were assessed and documented. The results obtained in group II did not differ from controls, while the remaining groups showed significantly fewer adhesions. The best results were obtained in animals receiving Volon A-Haftsalbe (Group V) where 86% fewer adhesions were observed.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

[Amniotic fluid embolism with coagulation disorder--a case report (author's transl)].

A case of amniotic fluid embolism during the delivery of a twin pregnancy is reported. After immediate resuscitation with artificial ventilation the mother and the neonates survived the acute episode. As a result of hyperfibrinolysis with premature separation of the placenta a dramatic postpartum haemorrhage occurred, which could be controlled by Fritsch' manoeuvre. Meanwhile it was possible to restore the coagulation disorder with fresh whole blood, fibrinogen and an antifibrinolytic agent (Aprotinin).

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1979

[The coagulation and fibrinolysis activities of the blood during various phases of labor].

In a group of 20 women 22 parameters of the blood coagulation and fibrinolysis systems were separately determined during spontaneous delivery. An increased activity of the coagulation factors was observed except of the factors V, IX and XIII. Factor VIII activity in plasma increased slightly during stage II of labour, probably related to stress. Fibrinogen as well as the factors II, VII and X exhibited congruently slight post partum decrease, which can be interpreted as the result of an increased turnover of these factors. Plasminogen levels as well as antiplasmin activity increased; the total fibrinolysis activity was not significantly changed. The increase of fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products, however, indicated the occurrence of discrete fibrinolytic or fibrinogenolytic reactions. The thrombelastograms demonstrated a shift of the balance of pro- and anticoagulatory factors in favour of an increased blood coagulation activity during labour.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1977

[Blood coagulation activity and fibrinolysis in umbilical vein blood of healthy and asphyxiated newborn infants].

In two groups of 35 healthy and 15 asphyctic newborns the factors of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis were determined and compared with the normal values of non-pregnant women. The study demonstrates an increased coagulability and increased fibrinolytic activity at decreased levels of most of the single factors in the umbilical vein blood of the newborn. There is a statistically significant decrease of the concentration of plasminogen and increase of the concentration of fibrin degradation products and fibrin monomers in the groups of asphyctic newborns as compared with healthy newborns. These results may be considered as factors in the etiology of the respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn resulting in the formation of hyaline membranes. An increased tendency to hemorrhages in asphyctic newborn due to a hypocoagulation of the umbilical vein blood cannot be suggested by these results. The study confirms and supplements previous research findings from our laboratory and from others reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Prevention of idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. Influence of betamethasone on the frequency of respiratory distress syndrome in a premature infant collective at the Bonn University Gynecologic Clinic].

Out of a group of 189 pregnant women, who were in the 28th to 37th week of gestation, 57 women received i.m. injections of betamethasone. 132 premature infants whose mothers were not treated served as controls. Betamethasone caused a significant decrease in established respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). In the betamethasone group there was an incidence of 7% of respiratory distress syndrome as compared to 23,5% in the control group. Neonatal mortality was 1,8% in the treated group versus 10,6% in the control group. The occurrence of suspected respiratory distress syndrome also was significantly lowered after betamethasone. In the control group premature rupture of membranes or administration of tocolytic drugs did not have any effect on the frequency of respiratory distress syndrome. However, the premature babies who were delivered by caesarian section had a significantly higher incidence of respiratory distress syndrome than those who were delivered vaginally. After betamethasone treatment the occurrence of respiratory distress syndrome after caesarian section was as low as in the group with vaginal delivery. The present study of a larger group of premature babies has confirmed previous positive results of betamethasone treatment.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1977

[Studies on amino acid kinetics in rats without and with interference of the pregnancy using 75-Se-methionine (author's transl)].

A collective of 60 rats was divided into 3 groups of 20 non-pregnant, 20 pregnant without interference of the pregnancies and 20 pregant with ligature of the uterine vessels to induce an intrauterine growth retardation. The organ distribution of 100 muC intravenously injected 75-Se-methionine, which is actively transported from the placenta into the fetal circulation, was computer-scintigraphically measured. After 30 minutes and 6 hours typical differences, amongst the 3 groups, between the liver and foetoplacental unit methionine uptake were demonstrated both visually and quantitatively. On the basis of this experimental animal model, it should be attempted to measure quantitatively the placental disorders which are not caused primarily by perfusion of the uteroplacental unit.

Animals↗