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Biomedical subjects

K Sehmi

Publications and source records attributed to K Sehmi.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Identifying maculopathy after neodymium: YAG membranotomy for dense diabetic premacular hemorrhage.

PURPOSE: To assess the value of neodymium:YAG membranotomy in achieving rapid intravitreal dispersion of dense diabetic premacular hemorrhage and allowing the identification and treatment of maculopathy before panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). METHODS: A pilot study, in which nine eyes with dense diabetic premacular hemorrhages were treated with neodymium:YAG membranotomy, is described. After intravitreal dispersion of premacular blood, fundus examination and fluorescein angiography were performed to identify neovascularization and macular edema. Macular photocoagulation was performed before PRP in eyes with co-existing maculopathy and neovascularization. RESULTS: Complete intravitreal dispersion was achieved in all eyes within 1 week. Clinically significant macular edema was identified and treated, before PRP, in three eyes. No exacerbation of macular edema occurred after PRP, and visual acuity was stabilized at pre-hemorrhage levels in seven eyes and to within one line in the remaining two eyes. No traction retinal detachments or rebleeding occurred, and vitrectomy was not required in any eye. CONCLUSIONS: Early neodymium:YAG membranotomy may obviate the need for early vitrectomy for dense diabetic premacular hemorrhage, and allows early identification and treatment of maculopathy, before PRP, thus reducing the risk of exacerbation after PRP. Further studies to evaluate this treatment modality, particularly with respect to long-term visual prognosis, appear warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Retinal angiography in divers.

OBJECTIVE: In the light of previous reports, to examine the possibility that professional diving might cause abnormalities of the retina and choroid. METHODS: The retinal fluorescein angiograms of 55 Royal Naval divers and 24 non-diver servicemen were compared. RESULTS: No differences were found between divers and non-divers and the prevalence of abnormalities was not correlated with diving experience. CONCLUSION: In contrast to previous reports, there seem, at least in naval personnel, to be no ocular consequences of diving.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Retinal vascular abnormalities. A rare complication of myelinated nerve fibers?

BACKGROUND: Myelinated nerve fibers of the retina occur in approximately 0.98% of the population. Although they are generally believed to be benign lesions, they occasionally are associated with ocular complications. METHODS: The authors report a series of six cases of myelinated nerve fibers complicated by retinal vascular abnormalities, three of which presented clinically as recurrent vitreous hemorrhage. The cause of the retinal vascular abnormalities remains unclear; however, from fluorescein angiography, it would appear likely that underlying inner retinal ischemia may be implicated. One patient with troublesome recurrent vitreous hemorrhage was treated with argon laser photocoagulation. RESULTS: These cases illustrate that although vascular abnormalities are a rare complication of myelinated nerve fibers, they can cause visual and diagnostic problems for these patients and their physicians. CONCLUSION: Although the authors' experience in treating these lesions is limited, they believe that in one treated case, argon laser photocoagulation was useful in halting recurrent vitreous hemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Sorsby's fundus dystrophy. A clinical study.

A survey was undertaken of a family known to have Sorsby's fundus dystrophy. Fifty members were reviewed, and 14 were found to be affected. Many of Sorsby's original conclusions were confirmed, including the pattern of inheritance and age of visual loss. Yellow material was present at the level of Bruch's membrane early in the course of the disease. However, the earliest phenotypic marker was delayed filling of the choriocapillaris. Abnormalities of choroidal perfusion became more profound and extended centrifugally with time. The loss of central vision was commonly due to atrophy of the outer retina and choroid. Subretinal neovascularization was a rare occurrence. The homology between this dystrophy and age-related macular disease underlines the importance of the clinical findings in this family.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Ocular fundus lesions in divers.

Retinal fluorescein angiography was used to examine the ocular fundi of 84 divers. The retinal capillary density at the fovea was low and microaneurysms and small areas of capillary nonperfusion were seen. The divers had significantly more abnormalities of the retinal pigment epithelium than a comparison group of non-divers. Furthermore, the prevalence of fundus abnormality was related to length of diving history. All observed changes were consistent with the obstruction of the retinal and choroidal circulations. Such obstruction could be due either to intravascular bubble formation during decompression, or to altered behaviour of blood constituents and blood vessels in hyperbaric conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Sorsby's pseudoinflammatory macular dystrophy.

Forty-three additional members of a family described originally by Sorsby and Mason have been examined in order to typify pseudoinflammatory macular dystrophy more accurately. Six new affected members were identified by history alone and a further 7 were examined. Vision is lost from disciform macular degeneration generally during the 5th decade of life. Thereafter peripheral degeneration occurs in some affected members. Before loss of vision the fundus changes include fine drusen-like deposits at the level of Bruch's membrane, angioid streaks, and plaque-like deposits of yellow subretinal material in the macular region. These changes are different from those seen in dominant drusen.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Tears of detached retinal pigment epithelium.

Ripping of detached pigment epithelium appears to be a common sight-threatening complication of pigment epithelial detachments and occurs at the junction of the detachment and flat pigment epithelium. The characteristics of the detachment prior to the rip suggest that the tear occurs in pigment epithelium which is detached without its basement membrane. The tear is followed by retraction of the pigment epithelium, revealing bare Bruch's membrane. The defect may remain apparently unaltered, or may be recovered by normal looking pigment epithelium, but most commonly is replaced by a fibrous plaque. Most patients had a profound reduction in visual acuity.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

PIgment epithelial diseases with abnormal choroidal perfusion.

Sixteen patients, seen during the first week of their disease, had swelling of the retinal pigment epithelium and angiographic evidence of a widespread abnormality of choroidal filling. The patients fell into three groups: In Group 1 there were multifocal pigment epithelial lesions identical to those of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy. In Group 2 the pigment epithelial lesions were confluent. The retina was not detached in either of the these groups. In Group 3, multifocal lesions of the pigment epithelium were associated with retinal detachment. We postulated that all patients had diffuse choroidal hypoperfusion and focal pigment epithelial infarct which, in turn, may have been caused by a variety of basic disorders. We detected no relevant systemic abnormalities in any of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Autosomal dominant exudative vitreoretinopathy.

Twelve affected members from 3 families with autosomal dominant exudative vitreouretinopathy were examined, and the following conclusions were drawn: (1) There is great variability in the phenotypic expression of the abnormal gene, such that many patients have very mild disease which can be detected with certainty only by fluorescein angiography. (2) Gene penetrance is close to 100%. (3) Progress of fundus changes and visual threat is rare after 20 years of age.

Adolescent↗