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K Sekihara

Publications and source records attributed to K Sekihara.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Generalized Wiener estimation of three-dimensional current distribution from biomagnetic measurements.

This paper proposes a method for estimating three-dimensional (3-D) biocurrent distribution from spatio-temporal biomagnetic data. This method is based on the principle of generalized Wiener estimation, and it is formulated based on the assumption that current sources are uncorrelated. Computer simulation demonstrates that the proposed method can reconstruct a 3-D current distribution where the conventional least-squares minimum-norm method fails. The influence of noise is also simulated, and the results indicate that a signal-to-noise ratio of more than 20 for the uncorrelated sensor noise is needed to implement the proposed method. The calculated point spread function shows that the proposed method has very high spatial resolution compared to the conventional minimum norm method. The results of computer simulation of the distributed current sources are also presented, including cases where current sources are correlated. These results suggest that no serious errors arise if the source correlation is weak.

Artifacts↗
PubMed1995

Average-intensity reconstruction and Wiener reconstruction of bioelectric current distribution based on its estimated covariance matrix.

This paper proposes two methods for reconstructing current distributions from biomagnetic measurements. Both of these methods are based on estimating the source-current covariance matrix from the measured-data covariance matrix. One method is the reconstruction of average current intensity distributions. This method first estimates the source-current covariance matrix and, using its diagonal terms, it reconstructs current intensity distributions averaged over a certain time. Although the method does not reconstruct the orientation of each current element at each time instant, it can retrieve information regarding the current time-averaged intensity at each voxel location using extremely low SNR data. The second method is Wiener reconstruction using the estimated source-current covariance matrix. Unlike the first method, this Wiener reconstruction can provide a current distribution with its orientation at each time instant. Computer simulation shows that the Wiener method is less affected by the choice of the regularization parameter, resulting in a method that is more effective than the conventional minimum-norm method when the SNR of the measurement is low.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1994

Reduction of brain noise influence in evoked neuromagnetic source localization using noise spatial correlation.

In magnetoencephalographic measurements, magnetic fields caused by spontaneous brain activities not related to the neural activities under study are often referred to as brain noise. This is because the accuracy in neural source localization is considerably degraded by such spontaneous neuromagnetic fields. This paper reports the experimental results of applying the previously proposed noise covariance method to reducing the degradation caused by brain noise and to improving the accuracy in localizing auditory-evoked neural sources. Firstly we present the results of our experiments using measured brain noise and computer-generated signal fields. These results confirm that the covariance method can, in principle, improve the accuracy of evoked neural source localization. Next, the method was applied to source localization for actual neuromagnetic fields evoked by speech sounds. The results obtained strongly suggest that the method is effective in processing actual evoked neuromagnetic data.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Multiple current dipole estimation using simulated annealing.

A method for estimating electrical current distribution in the human brain using a multiple current dipole model is presented. A cost function for estimating multiple dipoles is proposed and a simulated annealing algorithm is used to obtain an acceptable solution. Computer simulation is used to evaluate the effectiveness of this method.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1993

Relationship between dipole parameter estimation errors and measurement conditions in magnetoencephalography.

The relationship between dipole parameter estimation errors and measurement conditions in magnetoencephalography is determined by computer simulation. The model uses a single current dipole in a spherical homogeneous medium. Dipole parameters are estimated using a moving dipole procedure. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is defined as the square-root of the ratio of the average signal power to the average noise power over all measurement points. At SNR > 20, accurate estimation can be carried out independently of dipole depth and coil size. At SNR < 20, dipole depth influences estimation error. When the dipole is located near the center of the sphere, the measurement region should include both extrema of the magnetic field to minimize estimation error. However, when the dipole is not so deep, the position of the measurement region does not influence estimation error. When SNR < 4, estimation error increases as coil size increases. Coil size minimizing estimation error is determined by the ratio of environmental magnetic field noise to electrical noise. For a constant size of measurement region, increasing the number of measurement points decreases estimation error to a certain level. This error level depends on SNR. The number of measurement points required to minimize estimation error also depends on SNR.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1987

Serum gamma-GTP levels by type and quantity of alcohol consumed--the 'whisky hypothesis' refuted.

Serum gamma-GTP measurements in 11,755 Japanese men were used to test the hypothesis that drinking whisky had little or no effect on the serum level of this enzyme. We found that regular drinking was associated with significantly increased mean levels and raised percentages of high values of gamma-GTP, irrespective of the type of alcohol consumed. Moreover, heavier and more frequent drinking were associated with proportionately greater increases in gamma-GTP levels. Our data therefore refute the hypothesis that whisky drinking is not accompanied by adverse changes in the level of serum gamma-GTP.

Alcoholic Beverages↗
PubMed1984

Image restoration from non-uniform magnetic field influence for direct Fourier NMR imaging.

A new technique is proposed for NMR image restoration from the influence of main magnetic field non-uniformities. This technique is applicable to direct Fourier NMR imaging. The mathematical basis and details of this technique are fully described. Modification to include image restoration from non-linear field gradient influence is also presented. Computer simulation demonstrates the effectiveness of this technique for both Fourier zeugmatography and spin-warp imaging.

Fourier Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Image restoration from nonuniform static field influence in modified echo-planar imaging.

Experimental results of images restored from the influence of nonuniform static fields in modified echo-planar imaging are presented. The same restoration technique is used as that proposed for Fourier imaging. Experimental results show that both density variation and geometrical distortion can almost completely be eliminated in the restored image. Image restoration can relax the stringent requirement on the amplitude of the time-modulated gradient needed in modified echo-planar imaging.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging↗