Isolation and structure elucidation of novel neuronal cell protecting substances, carbazomadurins A and B produced by Actinomadura madurae.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Shin-ya.
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The retinoblastoma protein (pRB) is inactivated in a wide variety of human cancers. In the course of our screening for antitumor antibiotics by using pRB-inactivated cells, an actinomycete identified as Streptomyces tanashiensis was found to produce four new active substances, leptofuranins A, B, C and D. The leptofuranins arrested the growth of normal cells and induced apoptotic cell death against tumor cells and cells transformed with the adenovirus E1A gene.
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Three novel macrolide antibiotics, quinolidomicins A1, A2 and B1, were isolated from the fermentation broth of Micromonospora sp. JY16. Quinolidomicin A1 inhibited the growth of various tumor cells including multidrug-resistant cells. Quinolidomicin B1 was similarly cytotoxic, while quinolidomicin A2 was inactive against these tumor cells.
The structures of novel macrolide antibiotics, quinolidomicins A1, A2 and B1, were elucidated as shown in Fig. 1 by NMR spectral analysis including a variety of two-dimensional techniques. The quinolidomicins possess a novel 60-membered macrolide ring, which is to our knowledge the largest among natural products.
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A new sulfur-containing peptide antifungal antibiotic, cystargin, was isolated from the fermentation broth of a new species of genus Kitasatosporia, designated as Kitasatosporia cystarginea. On acid hydrolysis, cystargin (C60H77N19O17S6) gave equimolar glycine, proline, aspartic acid and arginine. By performic acid oxidation, cysteic acid was detected after hydrolysis. It showed a growth inhibitory activity against various phytopathogenic fungi and inhibition of beta-1,3-glucan synthetase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.