Primary tuberculosis of the glans penis.
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Humans↗
Biomedical subjects
K Shoji
Publications and source records attributed to K Shoji.
Thiobacillus novellus cytochrome c oxidase contains one heme alpha molecule and one copper atom per catalytic unit.
The minimal structural unit of cytochrome c oxidase purified from Thiobacillus novellus was composed of one molecule each of two subunits with molecular masses of 32 and 23 kDa, respectively, and the unit had one molecule of heme a and one atom of copper. In the presence of n-octyl-beta-D-thioglucoside, the oxidase existed as the monomeric form of the unit, while it occurred as the dimeric form of the unit in the presence of Tween 20. The monomeric form showed an active cytochrome c oxidizing activity and reduced molecular oxygen to water with ferrocytochrome c. Namely, it has been shown that the bacterial cytochrome c oxidase with one heme a molecule and one copper atom per molecule can catalyze oxidation of ferrocytochrome c with concomitant reduction of molecular oxygen to water.
Bacillus↗
Syntheses of recombinant yellowtail and flounder growth hormones in Escherichia coli.
For syntheses of recombinant yellowtail and flounder growth hormones (r-yGH and r-fGH) in E. coli, expression plasmids were constructed. The expression level of r-yGH and r-fGH in the host cells were very high, reaching 15 and 8% of the total protein, respectively. These product proteins were accumulated in inclusion bodies in the cells. The recombinant hormones were isolated from the pellets ina glutathione reduction/oxidation buffer. The refolded hormones were further purified by DEAE-Toyopearl 650M chromatography to homogeneity. The purified r-yGH and r-fGH were composed of 188 and 174 amino acid residues, respectively, having amino-terminal sequences starting with methionine. The recombinant hormones had potent growth-promoting activities on juvenile rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri in a dose-dependent manner.
Animals↗
High-frequency power ratio of breathy voice.
Digital technological advances have made detailed voice analysis possible. This report proposes, with the use of such equipment, a new method of quantifying differences in the high-frequency content of normal and breathy voices. The high-frequency power ratio, a ratio of high-frequency power versus total power, was calculated as the lower limit of the high-frequency range (Fc) and varied from 1 to 10 kHz. The high-frequency power ratio values of two groups, 16 normal and 24 breathy voice individuals, were then compared. Three breathy individuals were also studied after type I thyroplasty. High-frequency power ratio values measured at an Fc of 6 kHz significantly separated normal from breathy voices. The specifications provided are appropriate for both the commercial voice lab and for clinical resources. Furthermore, a high-frequency power ratio (6 kHz) is a useful tool for the evaluation of phonosurgery.
Female↗
H-Index: a new measure of glottal efficiency for the pathologic voice.
Taking advantage of the extended dynamic range of digital analysis of voice the H-Index represents the first proposed acoustical measure of glottal efficiency. "Hi" /hai/ was chosen to evaluate glottal efficiency since it provides an excellent test of glottal transformation from voiceless to voiced sound energy, the upper vocal tract having a neutral effect. Fifteen individuals with normal voices and 30 patients with hoarse voices were asked to say "hi." The power ratio of /h/ to /a/ was calculated from peak power of each measure from the power envelope. Voice quality had a highly significant effect on measured values (P < .001). A high degree of correlation (P < .001) was found with the AC/DC ratio, a standard aerodynamic measure of glottal efficiency. The results indicate that the H-Index represents an excellent measure of glottal efficiency, obviating the need of invasive techniques or expensive, highly specialized equipment.
Analysis of Variance↗
Time series analysis of glottal airflow in normal and pathological phonation.
Time series analysis of glottal airflow was carried out on 26 normal controls and 40 patients with voice disorders, using a modification of Isshiki's original technique which uses a hot-wire flowmeter, taking cycle-by-cycle fluctuations into consideration. The mean flow rate and mean AC/DC were shown to have significant differences among normal and patient groups. The standard deviations of AC/DC and AC/DC perturbation were calculated from the AC/DC value of 50 cycles and shown not to vary significantly among the normal and patient groups. The relationship between AC/DC and perceptual impression of voice was also studied among 20 selected patients with breathy voices. Using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, this relationship was found to have statistical significance (P < .05).
Glottis↗
[Development of a scale for workers' coping behavior: its reliability and validity].
The purpose of this study is to develop a scale for measuring coping with job stressors. Stress process and coping function provide the theoretical framework. Coping is conceptualized as situation-specific behavior. We measure episodic coping, that is, the strategies that individuals actually use in coping with a particular situation. First, a preliminary scale, was prepared. It contained 39 coping behaviors with job stressor which were based on an open-ended pilot study. Next, factor analysis was conducted in order to identify the structure of the scale. Subjects of this study were 649 male employees and 91 female employees of a in manufacturing firm and research and development institute. By occupation they were comprised of 383 professionals, 99 technicians, 96 clerks, 104 miscellaneous workers and 58 of unknown occupation. Seven items in the preliminary scale were omitted because of their psychometrical properties. Finally, factor analysis showed three factors in the scale: positive action and cognition (11 items), avoidant action and cognition (10 items), and symptom management (11 items). The coping scale showed high conceptual validity and reliability.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Construction of a novel suicide vector: selection for Escherichia coli HB101 recombinants carrying the DNA insert.
We constructed a new type of cloning vector, pERISH2, that transforms Escherichia coli HB101 only when a foreign DNA fragment is ligated into the cloning site of the plasmid vector. Plasmid pERISH2 carries the rcsB gene which is derived from the chromosome of E. coli HB101 and is involved in the regulation of colanic acid production. When E. coli HB101 is transformed by this vector carrying the intact rcsB gene, the gene product RcsB blocks bacterial growth. However, if the rcsB gene is inactivated by the insertion of a foreign DNA fragment, this recombinant plasmid no longer inhibits the growth of E. coli HB101. Although E. coli HB101 is not stably transformed by pERISH2, E. coli K-12 strains such as JM109 and C600 can harbor this vector. Therefore, pERISH2 can be amplified in JM109 and be prepared from this strain in a large quantity using conventional methods. A chromosomal gene library of Klebsiella pneumoniae is constructed easily and efficiently by the utilization of this new cloning vector.
Blotting, Southern↗
Cytochromes c of Nitrobacter winogradskyi and Thiobacillus novellus: structure, function and evolution.
The amino acid sequences of Thiobacillus novellus and Nitrobacter winogradskyi cytochromes c have been compared with those of cytochromes c from several other organisms. The two bacterial cytochromes resemble eukaryotic cytochromes c; 49 amino-acid residues are identical between T. novellus and horse cytochromes c, and 50 residues identical between N. winogradskyi and horse cytochromes c. However, their reactivity with cow cytochrome c oxidase is about 80% lower than the reactivity of eukaryotic cytochromes c with the cow mitochondrial oxidase, while they react with yeast cytochrome c peroxidase as rapidly as eukaryotic cytochromes c. The numbers of identical amino-acid residues between T. novellus and animal cytochromes c are 45-53 and those between N. winogradskyi and animal cytochromes c 47-53, while those between the two bacterial cytochromes and yeast and protozoan cytochromes c are around 40. Thus, N. winogradskyi and T. novellus cytochromes c are more similar to animal cytochromes c than to yeast and protozoan cytochromes c on the basis of the amino-acid sequence.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Cystic papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland: a new sonographic sign.
Cystic thyroid lesions are generally considered to be benign and managed by repeated aspiration and/or biopsy. We report characteristic sonographic signs in eight cases of cystic papillary carcinomas of the thyroid gland. In all eight cases, ultrasonography (US) revealed mostly cystic lesions with solid excrescences protruding into the cyst. These nodules contained multiple punctate echogenic foci suggesting calcification. In three of these cases the initial fine needle aspiration biopsy was negative. The 'calcified nodule in cyst' sign was found to be very specific for cystic thyroid carcinoma in a review of the ultrasound findings in 115 patients with nodular thyroid lesions. Careful evaluation and/or surgery should be recommended in patients who have such characteristic sonographic findings even if the fine needle aspiration result is negative.
Adult↗
Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding the mink growth hormone.
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Amino Acid Sequence↗
Laryngeal pacing in unilateral vocal cord paralysis. An experimental study.
In an attempt to remobilize a unilaterally paralyzed vocal cord, experiments were made in five adult dogs. Adduction of the paralyzed vocal cord for phonation in synchrony with the intact cord was achieved by electrical stimulation of the adductor muscles that was triggered by the signals from the cricothyroid muscle. The difference in the level of action potentials of the cricothyroid muscle between during phonation and during respiration was used for setting the threshold so as to differentiate phonation from respiration. Nearly synchronous movement of the two vocal cords thereby attained during phonation greatly improved the voice quality that was hoarse without the paced stimulation.
Action Potentials↗
Successful direct PTCA on LAD after first episode of acute myocardial infarction: does it improve cardiac function?
Patients who received direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) after acute mycardial infarction and maintained potency but with unimproved cardiac function were studied. In 15 patients, the first episode of acute myocardial infarction was caused by a left anterior descending branch lesion; 11 had an ejection fraction of 50% or more in the left ventriculogram in the follow-up period (improved group), and 4 patients had ejection fraction of less than 50% (unimproved group). There was so significant difference between the groups in the mean time between the onset of infarction and revascularization (improved group, 259.3 +/- 76.9 min; unimproved group, 168.0 +/- 101.6 min) or in the sigma Q. which was the sum of the Q wave depth of V2, V3, and V4 at the time of admission (improved group, 12.1 +/- 15.6 mm; unimproved group 29.8 +/- 13.4 mm). The maximum creatine kinase concentration was significantly higher in the unimproved group (improved group 2670 +/- 893 IU/L; unimproved group, 7243 +/- 1928 IU/L, p less than 0.05), and the time taken from the onset to reach its peak was significantly shorter in the unimproved group (improved group, 13.0 +/- 5.1 hr; unimproved group, 6.8 +/- 1.3 hr, p less than 0.05.) These results suggest the probability of sudden deterioration of myocardium, and factors other than microcirculatory thromboembolism should be considered as the cause of unimproved cardiac function after successful direct PTCA.
Aged↗
[Clinical statistics of the bladder tumor--transurethral resection cases].
Two hundred and thirty one patients who underwent transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TUR-Bt) at our hospital during the past 15 years were analyzed. There were 176 males and 55 females, and the average age at the initial TUR-Bt was 62 years old. Histopathologically, 225 cases were of transitional cell carcinoma, 4 cases of papilloma and 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma. Grading and staging of 225 transitional cell carcinoma cases revealed grades 1, 2 and 3 in 32, 132 and 21 cases, and stages Ta, T1, T2, T3 and T2-4M1 in 48, 135, 20, 17 and 11 cases, respectively. The frequency of TUR-Bt varied from 1 to 10 times. Among the 231 cases TUR-Bt was done once, twice and three times in 149 (64.5%) and 41 (17.8%), and 22 (9.6%) cases, respectively and the total number of TUR-Bt was 400 times. The duration of the TUR-Bt operation was from 5 min. to 160 min. (mean: 32.4 min.) and the resected weight of tumor between 0.5 g and 85 g (mean: 5.4 g). As a complication of TUR-Bt, TUR-fulguration was necessary to control postoperative bleeding in 7 cases (1.7%), and blood transfusion was required in 13 cases (3.3%) during TUR-Bt. Postoperatively blood transfusion was required in 8 cases (2%), intraperitoneal perforation in 2 cases (0.5%), extraperitoneal perforation in 6 cases (1.5%) and hyponatremia in 1 case (0.3%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
Effects of five anion channel blockers on thrombin- and ionomycin-activated platelet functions.
The inhibitory effects of anion channel blockers were evaluated on aggregation, intracellular Ca2+ rises, and the production of arachidonic acid metabolites in human platelets. Inhibitors included five anion channel blockers: phloretin, probenecid, pyridoxal phosphate, 4,4'-diisothiocyano-2,2'-disulfonic acid stilbene (DIDS) and 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (SITS). The degree of inhibition by each of these agents was dose-dependent on thrombin-activated platelet function. These agents generally had no significant inhibitory effects on ionomycin-activated platelet functions. It is suggested that anion mobilization plays a major role in the receptor-mediated activation of platelet functions, but only a minor role in Ca2+ ionophore-induced platelet activation. It is also suggested that several agents may have properties unrelated to anion channel blockers. Phloretin may be a selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and probenecid may inhibit phospholipase A2. DIDS and SITS may interfere with certain aggregation-inducing mechanisms.
4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid↗
Recent modifications in thyroplasty type I.
Among thyroplasties, type I is the most frequently used for medialization of the vocal cord. Follow-up study on patients indicated that reversion of voice can occur after operation. Revision was done in five cases with improvement of voice. On the basis of this experience, modifications were made in the technique of thyroplasty type I. They include 1) cutting the calcified cartilage with minimal intervention in the soft tissue, 2) fixation of the window with a silicone plug to enhance medialization, and 3) overmedialization of the vocal cord and definition of criteria for it that can be used during surgery.
Female↗
Increase of histidine decarboxylase activity in murine myelomonocytic leukemia cells (WEHI-3B) in parallel to their differentiation into macrophages.
When cells of mouse myelomonocytic leukemia cell line, WEHI-3B, were cultured in the presence of actinomycin D plus the serum which was obtained from mice injected with bacterial endotoxin, i.e., lipopolysaccharide, their histidine decarboxylase (L-histidine carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.22) (HDC) activity increased about 100-fold with a peak at 48 h. According to the increase in HDC activity, the expression of surface antigens associated with macrophages, such as Mac II, Mac III and Iad, increased markedly on WEHI-3B cells as well as their morphological changes to macrophages. Histamine levels in the culture medium increased concomitantly with the increase in the HDC activity in WEHI-3B cells, whereas the histamine contents inside the cells did not increase remarkably. Furthermore, the addition of lipopolysaccharide to the culture medium caused an additional 2-fold increase in the HDC activity of WEHI-3B cells. These results indicate that the increase in HDC activity in WEHI-3B cells may represent an event in the process of the differentiation to macrophages.
Animals↗
In vitro increase of histidine decarboxylase activity and release of histamine by peritoneal resident cells of mast cell-deficient W/Wv mice; possible involvement of macrophages.
When peritoneal resident cells (PRCs) of genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/Wv mice were cultured in vitro for 5 h at 37 degrees C, their histidine decarboxylase [HDC, L-histidine carboxylase, E.C. 4.1.1.22] activity increased 10-fold. Since inhibitors for energy production and mRNA and protein syntheses inhibited this increase of HDC activity, it appeared to represent de novo synthesis of the enzyme, i.e., induction. This increase was followed by an increase in the amount of histamine in the culture medium of the cells, indicating that histamine synthesized by the induced HDC was not stored in the cells but was quickly released. Mast cells were not involved in the HDC induction, because the extents of HDC induction in PRCs of W/Wv and wild type +/+ mice were similar. The removal of T cells with anti-Thy-1,2 antibody and complement from the PRCs did not affect the HDC induction, but the removal of phagocytes decreased the induction to one-tenth in spite of a 2-fold increase in the proportion of B cells in the PRCs. After separation of the PRCs into adherent and non-adherent fractions, the increase in HDC activity was found to be associated with the adherent fraction that was mostly positive to esterase staining. These results suggest that HDC was induced in peritoneal macrophages.
Animals↗