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Biomedical subjects

K Singer

Publications and source records attributed to K Singer.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Phage typing of Staphylococcus intermedius.

Staphylococcus intermedius, a coagulase-positive staphylococcal species, is a common canine pathogen and a rare human wound pathogen. A total of 145 strains of S. intermedius (ATCC 29663, 4 reference strains, 4 human isolates, 44 canine infection isolates, and 92 isolates from canine gingiva) were screened for lysogenic phage by a modified Fisk method. Nineteen phage preparations were prepared for preliminary typing experiments. Lytic activity was observed on 93 of 145 (64.1%) isolates, yielding 44 lytic patterns with individual strains susceptible to one or more phages. Five phages lysed only a single strain, but lytic patterns varied from 1 to 11 lytic phages per isolate. A distinct lytic pattern did not separate canine or human wound isolates from canine gingival isolates. All human wound isolates fell into the two most common canine gingival or wound patterns; the single human nasopharyngeal isolate was not lysed by any phage. Twenty-two of 44 (55%) canine wound isolates and 65 of 92 (71%) gingival isolates yielded lytic patterns. Lysogenic phages are common in S. intermedius. This preliminary study suggests that phage typing may be a useful tool in distinguishing epidemiologically related strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of CAGE questionnaire and computer-assisted laboratory profiles in screening for covert alcoholism.

To identify the most effective method of screening for covert alcoholism Ewing's CAGE questionnaire was compared with several computer-assisted laboratory data profiles in a prospectively gathered, random sample of 915 adults admitted to a general hospital. Whether a subject was alcohol dependent (n = 244) or not (n = 671), as defined by DSM-III-R, was determined on the basis of a structured interview. The CAGE questionnaire was highly sensitive (76%) and specific (94%) for recognition of alcohol dependence (positive predictive power 87%). None of the discriminant laboratory functions gave recognition rates greater than chance alone. Until the sensitivities, specificities, and positive predictive powers of computer-assisted methods improve, brief interview alone remains the best screening method for general hospital populations.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The natural history of burst fractures at the thoracolumbar junction.

Conservative management of 54 patients with thoracolumbar (T12 and/or L1) burst fractures was investigated. The fractures were subdivided according to the Denis classification and a modification was suggested. Most type A and B fractures showed good results regarding reduction and neurological improvement. However, severe type B (with anterior column compression and spinal canal narrowing exceeding 50%), D, and E fractures were to a large extent complicated by intractable low back pain, neurological involvement, and signs of instability. This study suggests predictors for complications in patients with burst fractures in the thoracolumbar junction. These are (a) compression rate of the anterior column exceeding 50%, (b) narrowing of the spinal canal exceeding 50%, (c) signs of rotational malalignment in fracture level, and (d) level of the injury (L1 fractures).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

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Classification↗
PubMed1978

Comparative evaluation of hypnotic efficacy of flunitrazepam in psychiatric in-patients.

Flunitrazepam in 2-mg and 4-mg doses was compared with flurazepam 30 mg and nitrazepam 10 mg for hypnotic efficacy in a double-blind, multiple cross-over trial involving 41 psychiatric in-patients. In the vast majority of comparisons involving a number of sleep parameters differences did not reach significance level. Flunitrazepam 4 mg tended to produce the shortest latency time and the longest duration of sleep but also the most side-effects. Nitrazepam 10 mg appeared to have a slight advantage over the other drugs in terms of patient preference. For severe sleep disturbance flunitrazepam 2 mg tended to be the most satisfactory drug in terms of efficacy and paucity of side-effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Physique, personality and mental illness in southern Chinese women.

A number of anthropometric measurements were made on Southern Chinese women. These were 317 schizophrenics, 44 with affective disorder, 47 neurotics and normal controls. All groups and sub-groups compared were matched for mean age and socio-economic status. It was found that the intercorrelations between body build, personality and type of mental illness were on the whole similar to those reported for Caucasians.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

The role of culture in psychosomatic disorders.

The paper summarizes and evaluates the work so far carried out on the role of culture in determining similarities and differences in prevalence and manifestations of psychosomatic disorders, and attempts to identify the possible cultural elements that account for such variations. It concludes that the evidence is insufficient to support beliefs about the existence of major differences between cultures in psychosomatic disorders as a whole, and that cultural factors provide but a superficial colouration to a primary core of illness common to all cultures; but that, nevertheless, real differences exist in the prevalence of certain conditions in a minority of cultures.

Adaptation, Physiological↗