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Biomedical subjects

K Somer

Publications and source records attributed to K Somer.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

CT evaluation of acute pancreatitis: 8 years clinical experience and experimental evidence.

One hundred sixty eight patients with suspected serious pancreatitis were examined by dynamic CT. According to clinical data 103 of the patients had an oedematous pancreatitis (OP) and 65 a haemorrhagic-necrotizing pancreatitis (HP). Contrast enhancement (CE) of the pancreas was measured by dynamic CT during the first 24 hours after admission to the hospital. A control study was performed in 48 hours, if the finding on the primary CT was not definite or there was a discrepancy between CT and the clinical finding. Patients with HP showed significantly lower CE during the first minute after bolus injection of contrast material than patients with either normal pancreas or those who had OP. Only 4 out of 65 patients with HP showed normal (over 40 HU) and 8 out of 103 patients with OP showed low (less than 30 HU) CE. The method seems to be the most reliable method available to differentiate HP from OP. Before giving contrast material to the patients severe hypovolemia and respiratory distress should be excluded and treated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Results and complications of percutaneous nephrostomy.

A series of 181 patients (158 with obstructive uropathy) treated by percutaneous nephrostomy (PN) in 1978-1987 is evaluated. In 8.3% of the patients PN did not succeed. The success rate of PN was lower when done outside normal working hours and before ultrasound guidance was used. Major complications occurred in 5.5% and minor ones in 10.5%. There was no direct mortality. The complications and the possible avoidance of them are discussed. In 68% of patients nephrostomy improved their clinical condition. The benefit of PN was closely related to the existing renal recovery potential following the relief of obstruction; a problem that has not yet been fully solved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Computed tomography in staging of oesophageal carcinoma.

The computed tomographic (CT) findings in 45 patients with histologically proved oesophageal carcinoma are reviewed. In 20 of these patients the CT findings were correlated with findings at surgery (19 patients) or autopsy (1 patient). Correlation analysis showed that the accuracy of CT in assessing both invasion of adjacent organs and mediastinal and abdominal lymph node involvement is limited. Twenty-five patients were considered inoperable; in 15 of these the conclusion was based on CT findings of distant metastases (14 patients) or definite local invasion (1 patient). Ten patients were inoperable for other reasons (general health condition). We found the value of CT to be in detecting distant metastases, thus avoiding unnecessary radical surgery; it is not a reliable way of defining the primary tumour.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Pancreatic blood flow and contrast enhancement in computed tomography during experimental pancreatitis.

The pancreatic blood flow and contrast enhancement in computed tomography (CT) were studied in 10 piglets weighing 17-25 kg with experimental pancreatitis. Each animal served as its own control. CT and blood flow measurements were made both before induction of pancreatitis and 5-6 h after the onset of the disease. Cardiac output was measured by thermodilution, and was kept constant throughout the study by infusion of dextran and saline. Although the pancreatic blood flow remained constant in this experiment, CT showed a significant decrease in contrast enhancement.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Significance of extrapancreatic findings in computed tomography (CT) of acute pancreatitis.

Computed tomography (CT) has proven reliable in the early detection of acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis. In the present study the extrapancreatic changes at CT were studied in 60 patients with acute pancreatitis. The CT findings were correlated to the early "prognostic signs" by Ranson and the clinical course of the disease. All the patients with minor extrapancreatic changes recovered without complications. When moderate to severe extrapancreatic changes were seen the incidence of haemorrhagic pancreatitis and the risk of development of pseudocyst or abscess was high. In these patients a dynamic contrast enhanced CT should be done in order to select the patients with haemorrhagic pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Double contrast X-ray examination of stomach.

A comparison was made between three double contrast methods and the conventional method of X-ray examination of the stomach. 106 patets received ordinary barium sulphate together with effervescent granules. 119 patients were examined with a special barium sulphate preparation containing dissolved carbon dioxide (Baritop). The third group, 100 patients, received Baritop and effervescent granules, and 100 patients a conventional barium meal. The films were analyzed as to the quality of mucosal pattern demonstration, mucosal affinity of the contrast medium, and the degree of dilatation of the stomach and duo8num. In addition, the degree of interference by gas bubbles was estimated. The best results were obtained with the contrast medium containing carbon dioxide (Baritop).

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1977

Semiselective renal angiography, a useful method for evaluating the vascular supply in both kidneys.

A list of methods of semiselective renal angiography is presented. One of these methods is described. A series of 151 semiselective and 41 aortorenal angiographies is analyzed. The results are evaluated by comparing the visualization of the peripheral renal arteries and by comparing the opacification of other cranial branches of the abdominal aorta. Semiselective renal angiography is a useful method in cases requiring the examination of both kidneys.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Combination of multiple pencil-beam imaging to computed storage phosphor radiography: a new method.

Computed radiography (CR) with storage phosphors offers a wide dynamic range and improved sensitivity compared to film-screen technology. CR was combined in this study with a prototype multiple pencil-beam (MPB) imaging device which has been shown to be very effective in scatter reduction. The combination was analyzed and compared to the standard technique of grid screening in two ways: a free-response ROC (FROC) analysis was first performed followed by a blinded test arrangement for visual analysis of image quality in a series of computed radiography of the lumbar spine by both the MPB and grid modalities. The results of the FROC study showed a statistically significant (P less than or equal to 0.01) improvement in signal detection. The MPB-CR images of the lumbar spine had more contrast but also a slightly mottled or grainy appearance. Image quality was found good but contrast processing was criticized because it seemed to result in a too steep display of contrast in MPB imaging. This should be avoidable by changing the image processing parameters.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography of pleural lesions with special reference to the mediastinal pleura.

Computed tomography (CT) and conventional chest radiography were reviewed in retrospect in 84 patients in whom pleural pathology was suggested clinically. The importance of administration of contrast medium in distinguishing between malignant lesions and other pleural diseases was given special attention. CT was found to be of value in diagnosing and establishing the extent of pleural lesions, especially in the mediastinal region. All malignancies exhibited high contrast enhancement following intravenous bolus injection of contrast medium. There were no features specific for mesotheliomas distinguishing these from other pleural malignancies. Some benign infectious lesions also showed high contrast enhancement. High contrast enhancement thus indicated malignancy only if an infectious lesion could be excluded. If contrast enhancement was absent or slight, the lesion was likely to be benign. Clinical follow-up may be regarded as justified in such cases. Indirect signs were not helpful in distinguishing between malignant and benign lesions.

Contrast Media↗