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Biomedical subjects

K Srinivasan

Publications and source records attributed to K Srinivasan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effects of yohimbine on heart rate variability in panic disorder patients and normal controls: a study of power spectral analysis of heart rate.

We studied the effects of yohimbine on heart rate (HR) variability in 13 normal controls and 13 patients with panic disorder. Yohimbine produced a significant increase in SD of HR in standing posture in both patients (p = 0.01) and normal controls (p = 0.025). Panic disorder patients had a significant increase in standing absolute midfrequency (MF) power (0.07-0.15 Hz) after administration of yohimbine (p = 0.002). The ratio of post- to preyohimbine standing MF power (0.07-0.15 Hz) during standing was significantly higher in patients as compared with controls (2.3 +/- 1.08 vs. 1.33 +/- 0.38; p = 0.01), which suggests an increased responsivity of panic disorder patients to the adrenergic effects of yohimbine.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effect of cumin, cinnamon, ginger, mustard and tamarind in induced hypercholesterolemic rats.

The effect of a few common spices--cumin (Cuminum cyminum, cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), ginger (Zingiber officinale), mustard (Brassica nigra) and tamarind (Tamarindus indica)--added to normal and hypercholesterolemia inducing diet on serum and liver cholesterol levels in rats was studied. These spices did not show any cholesterol lowering effect when included in the diet at about 5-fold the normal human intake level.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Effect of maternal dietary hexachlorocyclohexane exposure on pup survival and growth in albino rats.

In adult albino rats, maternal dietary beta- and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) intake during gestation upto 400 ppm level did not affect the number of litters produced. But about 50 and 100% pup mortality was found in 200 and 400 ppm beta-HCH group within 5 days of birth. Maternal mortality was observed in 800 ppm beta-HCH group during third week of gestation. The effect of maternal dietary intake of HCH isomers at 50 and 250 ppm level during gestation and/or lactation on perinatal development was also studied. The body weights and sizes of the newborn litters of mother rats exposed to dietary HCH isomers did not differ from controls. Similarly, the growth and development of the litters of HCH exposed mother rats that survived 28 day lactation period were found to be comparable to controls as evidenced by the body weight and weight of vital organs. However, liver weight increases were found in the 28 days weaned litters wherever the mothers had been exposed to HCH isomers during lactation. Lowered kidney weight was seen in litters of mother rats fed 250 ppm gamma-HCH during gestation and lactation. The brain and testis weights were not affected in the litters of any experimental groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Protein binding, nuclear translocation and biliary secretion of metabolites of 3'-methyl-N,N-dimethyl-4-aminoazobenzene during hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.

1. The hepatic content, biliary excretion, cytosolic protein binding and nuclear translocation of metabolites of i.v. administered 14C-3'-methyl-N,N-dimethyl-4-aminoazobenzene (3'-methyl-DAB) were investigated in rats at various stages of 2-acetamidofluorene (AAF)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. 2. At nodular and post-nodular stages biliary excretion of radioactive metabolites was decreased, although hepatic content of radioactivity was similar to controls not dosed with AAF. The secretion in bile of a major azo dye binding protein was also decreased at these stages. 3. Binding of dye metabolites to cytosolic proteins was decreased by 40% at nodular and post-nodular stages compared to controls. 4. Translocation in vitro of dye metabolites from cytosol to nucleus at nodular and post-nodular stages was 40% less than that of controls. Since specific soluble proteins control translocation from cytosol into the nucleus (and bile), this decreased binding of metabolites may explain the diminished translocation of carcinogen metabolites into the nucleus.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1991

The effect of spices on cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity and on serum and hepatic cholesterol levels in the rat.

The effect of feeding curcumin, capsaicin, ginger, mustard, black pepper and cumin on cholesterol and bile acid metabolism was studied in rats. The activity of hepatic cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme of bile acid biosynthesis, was significantly elevated in curcumin (turmeric), capsaicin (red pepper), ginger and mustard treated animals. The enzyme activity was comparable to controls in black pepper and cumin fed rats. Serum and liver microsomal cholesterol contents were significantly higher in the curcumin and capsaicin treated animals. Thus, this study has suggested that the spices--turmeric, red pepper, ginger and mustard can stimulate the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids, an important pathway of elimination of cholesterol from the body. However, simultaneous stimulation of cholesterol synthesis by the spice principles--curcumin and capsaicin suggests that there may not be any significant contribution of stimulation of bile acid biosynthesis to the hypocholesterolemic action of these spices, and the latter action may solely be due to interference with exogenous cholesterol absorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Dietary hexachlorocyclohexane induced changes in blood and liver lipids in albino mice.

Dietary intake of technical hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) by albino mice for 2 weeks (at 400 and 800 ppm) resulted in hyperlipemia. Significant increase in triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesterol fractions of blood was observed in these animals. Dietary intake of gamma-isomer of HCH for 2 weeks (at 200 ppm) did not have any effect on blood lipid profile, but at 400 ppm level produced higher contents of phospholipids and cholesterol. The hepatomegaly produced by dietary technical HCH or gamma-HCH was not accompanied by fatty metamorphosis of liver. Hypertriglyceridemia caused by HCH was accompanied by lower triglyceride levels in liver, suggesting a possible higher rate of secretion from liver.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Determinants of breast-feeding and post-partum amenorrhoea in Orissa.

A life table analysis is made of the duration of breast-feeding and post-partum amenorrhoea in Orissa, India, taking one variable at a time using data from a baseline survey of fertility and mortality (BSFM) conducted on the lines of the World Fertility Survey. Then a multivariate (proportional hazard) analysis showed that socioeconomic factors including residence, caste status and education influence the breast-feeding and post-partum amenorrhoea periods. There was no effect of maternal age on the length of breast-feeding, but mean length of post-partum amenorrhoea varied with age. The durations of breast-feeding and post-partum amenorrhoea are strongly related.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1989

Urinary phenolics and glucuronides in hexachlorocyclohexane isomers fed rats.

Rats fed with dietary beta- and gamma-isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane excreted higher amounts of phenolics and glucuronides in the urine as compared to controls. The excretion profile of urinary phenolics and glucuronides suggested a relatively higher turnover rate of the gamma-isomer in the body as compared to the beta-isomer. Excretion of ethereal sulfate was low in hexachlorocyclohexane fed animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Influence of dietary hexachlorocyclohexane isomers on lipid metabolism in albino rats.

Dietary intake of beta- and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta- and gamma-HCH) by albino rats for two weeks (at 800 ppm level) resulted in impairment of lipid metabolism, viz. hyperlipemia and fatty metamorphosis of liver. Liver fat content was increased by both beta- and gamma-HCH. Significant increases were observed in triglyceride and phospholipid fractions of blood in these experimental animals. The incorporation of [14C]acetate and palmitate into liver and blood lipids was higher in HCH pretreated animals, suggesting a higher rate of fat synthesis in liver and of secretion as well.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Biochemical toxicity of hexachlorocyclohexane and its gamma-isomer in albino mice.

Dietary hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and gamma-isomer of HCH produced significant increase in liver weights of mice. Elevated levels of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases and of alkaline phosphatase in the blood of these animals suggested hepatotoxicity. Hepatic soluble enzymes--aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase--were markedly lowered. Among the hepatic lysosomal enzymes, acid phosphatase and acid cathepsin were increased in the experimental animals. Hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase was lowered by HCH while aldolase activity was increased. Hydrolytic enzymes in small intestine, viz., disaccharidases, lipase, amylase, dipeptidase and phosphatases, were also affected by dietary HCH and gamma-HCH. The results suggested cellular toxicity in hepatocytes of HCH and gamma-HCH fed animals, and also interference in gastrointestinal absorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Influence of spices and spice principles on hepatic mixed function oxygenase system in rats.

The status of hepatic mixed function oxygenase system (MFOS) was investigated in rats fed spice principles: capsaicin, piperine and curcumin, as well as spices: cumin, ginger, fenugreek, cinnamon, asafoetida, mustard and tamarind at two dietary levels each. Liver microsomal cytochrome P450-dependent aryl hydroxylase was generally stimulated by these spice principles and spices. Cumin, ginger and fenugreek also stimulated the levels of cytochrome P450 and cytochrome b5 and cumin and tamarind stimulated N-demethylase activity. NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and glucuronyl transferase activities, however, remained unaffected by the spices tested.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Bladder neck obstruction secondary to Brunn's cyst.

A large solitary Brunn's cyst caused a ball-valve type of obstruction of the bladder neck in a 29-year-old man without endoscopic or histological evidence of bladder inflammation. Unroofing and drainage restored normal voiding. The histopathological features of Brunn's nests are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Biochemical changes produced by beta- and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane isomers in albino rats.

Administration of beta- and gamma-isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) at 800 ppm dietary level for 2 weeks to albino rats produced noticeable hepatocellular damage as indicated by elevations in serum aminotransferases and decreases in hepatic soluble enzymes. Although serum total LDH activity was not altered, the LD5 isoenzyme was proportionately higher in the HCH isomers treated animals. Treatment of rats with beta- and gamma-isomers of HCH increased the hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and aldolase activities suggesting a higher rate of glucose oxidation. Liver glucose-6-phosphatase activity was decreased in these animals indicating inactivation of gluconeogenesis in liver. Dietary beta- and gamma-HCH decreased the liver mitochondrial DNP/Mg++/Ca++-activated ATPases thus affecting the energy metabolism. An unaltered ratio of DNP/Mg++-ATPase, a study of swelling pattern of hepatic mitochondria, and NAD+ permeability test suggested the maintenance of structural integrity of mitochondrial membrane in these pesticide fed animals. Liver microsomal Na+,K+-ATPases were lower in these animals.

Alanine Transaminase↗