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Biomedical subjects

K Stýblo

Publications and source records attributed to K Stýblo.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

The risk of tuberculous infection in The Netherlands from 1967 to 1979.

Estimates of the annual risks of tuberculous infection in the Netherlands from 1910 to 1966 were made by Stýblo et al. [1] from tuberculin surveys in recruits and schoolchildren. The risk decreased particularly steeply after about 1940 (the annual decrease in log risk was about 13%), and forward projections of the risk were made on this basis to 1980. Tuberculin test results in male recruits and in secondary or primary schoolchildren between 1966 and 1979 have now been used, alone and in conjunction with the earlier material, to estimate the trend in the risk of tuberculous infection in the Netherlands up to 1979, and to study the sex and age patterns in the risk. The risk of infection has continued to decrease steeply with calendar year in the Netherlands. Among the recruits the log risk, estimated only from the data from 1966 to 1979, decreased annually by 10.4%, compared with the estimate of 13.7% from the earlier data from 1956 to 1966; this difference is non-significant. Analysis of the complete data on schoolchildren from 1956 to 1979 shows a decrease in their log risk of infection of 15.0% each calendar year. The risks of infection were similar for boys and girls up to age 10, but were higher for boys than for girls (by 10.2%) during adolescence. In addition there was an increase in log risk of about 6.1% for each year of age up to age 20. According to this analysis, the annual risks of tuberculous infection in 1979 in the Netherlands were estimated to be 6, 9, 12, and 16 in 100 000 boys aged 5, 10, 15 and 20 years respectively, and 6, 9, 11 and 15 in 100 000 girls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The persistence of tuberculin sensitivity following oral BCG vaccination in The Netherlands.

Certain anomalies in the tuberculin test results in Netherlands schoolchildren in the late 1960s and in recruits a few years later are shown to have arisen from the persistence of tuberculin sensitivity in some of the 10 000 newborn children who were given oral BCG vaccine in the early 1950s. More than 90% of these oral BCG vaccinations were given in 1950 or 1951 in Amsterdam, Delft or Hilversum, but because of the absence of a scar or any record, individuals who were vaccinated cannot now be distinguished from the much larger numbers of unvaccinated subjects. The cohorts of Dutch children born in 1950 and 1951 showed excess positivity, compared with earlier and later cohorts, when tuberculin tested at different ages in adolescence and as army recruits, and this was especially noticeable among current residents in these three cities. It is estimated that less than 10% of those given oral BCG vaccine in the Netherlands in 1950 or 1951 showed positive reactions at ages 12 and 13, but about 20% did at age 16, and about 45% at age 18. A review of data on tuberculin sensitivity several years after intradermal BCG vaccination in the newborn or in young children suggests that sensitivity persists in only a relatively small proportion for a long period (in perhaps about 45% after 7 years and less after a longer period), unless boosted by intervening tuberculin tests. The present data on oral BCG vaccination in the newborn conform to the same pattern.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1967

Epidemiological and clinical study of tuberculosis in the district of Kolin, Czechoslovakia. Report for the first 4 years of the study (1961-64).

Many developed countries are faced with the problem of reorganizing their tuberculosis-control programme to bring it into line with modern conditions. The study reported was undertaken to provide guidelines for this reorganization. It was begun in the district of Kolín, Czechoslovakia, with a population of some 100 000, in 1961 and is still in progress. The paper covers the first 4 years of the study.In 1961 a thorough check-up was made on all persons registered as having active or inactive tuberculosis, or fibrotic lung lesions. In 1961 and 1963 a mass X-ray and tuberculin-testing campaign, with 95% coverage, was carried out for all persons over 14 years of age. All persons with active tuberculosis received adequate treatment. Persons registered as having tuberculosis or suspected tuberculosis were subjected to regular photofluorographic and bacteriological investigations. Newborn infants were given BCG vaccination, and persons aged 14 years and 19 years with negative tuberculin reactions were vaccinated.The prevalence of bacillary tuberculosis fell from 150 cases in 1960 to 91 in 1964, mainly owing to a decrease in the number of chronic cases. The incidence of bacillary tuberculosis detectable by direct smear microscopy, however, remained at about 25 cases throughout the period 1961-64. The risk of developing tuberculosis was found to be highest in persons with fibrotic lung lesions or inactive tuberculosis, and in men above 45 years of age and women above 65 with previously normal photofluorograms.It is concluded from the study that in developed countries priority should be given to adequate treatment of all persons with active tuberculosis, and to early diagnosis in persons consulting physicians and in the high-risk population groups.

Adolescent↗