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Biomedical subjects

K Sugimura

Publications and source records attributed to K Sugimura.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Adjuvant activity of mycobacterial fractions: adjuvant activity of synthetic N-acetylmuramyl-dipeptide and the related compounds.

Immunological activity of synthetic cell wall peptidoglycan subunits was examined in guinea pigs and mice. It was concluded that the minimal adjuvant-active subunit of cell wall peptidoglycan for the induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity to monoazobenzenearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine and for circulating-antibody formation to bacterial alpha-amylase and the thymus-independent antigen DNP-Ficoll was N-acetylmuramyldipeptide, MurNAc-L-Ala-D-isoGln. N-acetylmuramyldipeptide and 6-O-stearoyl-N-acetylmuramyldipeptide showed no adjuvant activity in the generation of cell-mediated cytotoxic effector cells in the spleens of C57Bl/6J mice after in vivo immunization with the allogeneic antigen mastocytoma P815-X2 cells, but N-acetylmuramyldipeptide showed adjuvant activity after in vitro sensitization of C57Bl/6J mouse spleen cells to the alloantigen mitomycin C-treated DBA/2 mouse spleen cells. It was also shown that 6-O-stearoylation of N-acetylmuramylpeptide could not potentiate the adjuvant activity of N-acetylmuramyldipeptide. Mitogenic and antitumor activities were not observed in either N-acetylmuramyldipeptide or 6-O-stearoyl-N-acetylmuramyldipeptide in mouse systems.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1976

The effect of ubiquinone-7 and its metabolites on the immune response. III. The effect on the immune response to sheep erythrocytes and DNP-Lys-Ficoll in mice.

The effects of Q acid-11, Q-7 and vitamin A palmitate on humoral immune response to two different types of antigens were examined. Particulate T-dependent antigen (SRBC) and T-independent antigen (DNP-Lys-Ficoll) were used to study the mode of action on immune system. Sodium-salt of Q acid-II (Q acid-11 Na) in the form of saline solution or water-in-oil emulsion showed suppressive effect on the direct and indirect PFC responses when administered simultaneously with SRBC. The suppressive effect of Q acid-II Na, however, was not observed when Q acid-II Na was administered two days before immunization. When Q acid-II Na was administered one day after immunization, the suppressive effect of Q acid-II Na was diminished and the level of PFC response was nearly equal to that of the control group. On the other hand, Q acid-II Na, Q-7 and vitamin A palmitate markedly enhanced the immune response to DNP-Lys-Ficoll (T-independent antigen). From the comparison of these humoral immune response, their modes of action are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The effect of ubiquinone-7 and its metabolites on the immune response. II. Adjuvant activity on the circulating antibody production and the effect on the liver lysosomal membrane.

The effects of the fat-soluble vitamins (retinol, alpha-tocopherol, phylloquinone and ubiquinone) and their related compounds were investigated on the immune response in vivo. E acid-I, dihydro E acid-I, ES-6, K acid-I, Q acid-II and QS-3 act as adjuvants on the production of circulating antibody to bacterial alpha-amylase in mice when they are immunized with in the water phase of water-in-oil emulsion. These compounds, however, can not act as adjuvants in enhancing helper activity of carrier-primed T-cells using an adoptive transfer system in mice. It is also shown that these compounds have no adjuvant activity on the development of delayed type hypersensitivity to ABA-N-acetyltyrosine in guinea pigs. No definite correlation between the adjuvant activity of these compounds and their labilizing activity on rat-liver lysosomal membrane was found.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1976

Adjuvant and antitumor activities of Nocardia cell-wall skeletons.

The adjuvant activity of the cell-wall skeletons prepared from eight species (ten strains) of Nocardia was determined by Brunner's method using allogeneic cell-mediated cytotoxicity test. The antitumor activity of the cell-wall skeleton of N. rubra, which showed the most potent adjuvant activity, was examined using EL-4 leukemia and MH-134 hepatoma cells in syngeneic mice. Its results suggest that the cell-wall skeleton of N. rubra is more potent than BCG cell-wall skeleton as the immunotherapeutic agent for cancer immunotherapy in man. The chemical properties of the cell-wall skeleton of N. rubra were also described.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1976

Adjuvant activity of 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramuyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine.

Immunological properties of synthetic 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyldipeptide) and 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramic acid were examined in guinea pigs and mice in comparison with those of BCG cell-wall skeleton, N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine, and 6-O-stearoyl-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine. 6-O-Mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyldipeptide showed a potent adjuvant activity for the induction of delayed type hypersensitivy to N-acetyl-L-tyrosine-3-azobenzene-4'-arsonic acid (ABA-N-acetyltyrosine). It was also found that 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyldipeptide treated with oil droplets or suspended in phosphate-buffered saline was as effective as oil-attached BCG cell-wall skeleton for the generation of cell-mediated cytotoxic effector cells to mastocytoma P815-X2 cells in the spleen of C57BL/6J mice in vivo. However, 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetyl-muramyldipeptide was less active as adjuvant than BCG cell-wall skeleton and N-acetylmuramyldipeptide in enhancing the circulating antibody formation to T-independent antigen, 2,4-dinitrophenyl-lysyl (DNP-Lys)-Ficoll in vivo, and on the generation of helper function of carrier-primed T-cells, and was inactive as a mitogen on normal mouse spleen cells. On the other hand, although 6-O-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramic acid was shown to be inactive as adjuvant on immune systems described above, it was active as a mitogen on normal mouse spleen cells.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1975

Chemical and immunological studies on the cell walls of Propionibacterium acnes strain C7 and Corynebacterium parvum ATCC 11829.

The chemical and immunological properties of the cell walls prepared from the cells of anaerobic coryneforms, Propionibacterium acnes C7 and Corynebacterium parvum ATCC 11829, were partially investigated. The cell walls prepared from P. acnes C7 and C. parvum ATCC 11829 were composed of fatty acids, polysaccharides consisting glucose, galactose and mannose and mucopeptides consisting mainly of alanine, glutamic acid, alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelic acid, glycine, muramic acid and glucosamine. As the fatty acid constituents of the cell wall of P. acnes C7, iso-pentadecanoic acid and iso-heptadecanoic acid were detected as major components. Both cell walls prepared from P. acnes C7 and C. parvum ATCC 11829 showed potent adjuvant activity on the formation of circulating antibody and development of delayed type hypersensitivity in vivo and on the primary immune response to sheep erythrocytes in vitro, however, could not augment helper function of carrier-primed T cells and on the development of cell-mediated cytotoxicity to mastocytoma P815-X2 cells in C57BL/6J mice. It is also shown that the cell walls of P. acnes C7 and C. parvum ATCC 11829 act on mouse spleen cells as mitogen.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessing response to therapy of spinal metastases with gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging.

The utility of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in assessing the response of spinal metastases to therapy was evaluated. Fifteen patients (62 affected vertebral bodies) with spinal metastases were evaluated with gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced imaging before and after irradiation or chemotherapy. Signal intensities of the lesions and of adjacent normal vertebral bodies were compared. Before therapy, metastatic foci enhanced significantly more than did normal vertebral bodies. After therapy, the lesions were divided into 37 responding lesions (group 1) and 25 nonresponding lesions (group 2). In group 1, lesion enhancement diminished considerably and the patients with these lesions remained clinically asymptomatic for 2-6 months. In group 2, lesion enhancement did not diminish much, and the difference between the groups was significant. Gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging may thus be a useful method for assessing the effectiveness of therapy for spinal metastases.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preoperative local staging of rectal carcinoma with MR imaging and a rectal balloon.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for the preoperative assessment of rectal carcinoma was evaluated. Thirty-three patients underwent MR imaging with a 1.5-T unit. On the basis of results of barium enema studies and/or digital examination, a balloon catheter was inserted to the level of the lesion before MR imaging. Both T1- and T2-weighted axial spin-echo images were obtained in all patients. With the balloon catheter, the three layers of the normal bowel wall could be seen on T2-weighted images. Muscular invasion was detected with a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 84%, a positive predictive value of 90%, a negative predictive value of 84%, and an overall accuracy of 88%. False-positive results were related to chemical shift artifact and intramural lymph node metastases. Perirectal fat invasion was detected with a sensitivity of 64%, a specificity of 89%, a positive predictive value of 82%, a negative predictive value of 77%, and an overall accuracy of 79%. One of the false-positive results was related to intramural lymph node metastases and the other to perirectal vessels. Evaluation of adjacent organ invasion was accurate in all patients. Lymph node metastasis was correctly detected in six of nine patients. Absence of lymph node metastasis was correctly predicted in 23 of 24 patients. Thus, MR imaging with a balloon catheter was useful for detection of tumor invasion into muscularis propria and adjacent organs; however, its demonstration of perirectal fat and lymph node involvement was less accurate.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rectal carcinoma: prospective comparison of conventional and gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced fat-suppressed MR imaging.

The purpose of this study is to compare the usefulness of conventional MR imaging and gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced fat-suppressed MR imaging for the depiction and staging of rectal carcinoma. Thirty-two patients were prospectively evaluated by MR imaging using a 1.5-T unit. Based on the results of a barium study and/or digital examination, a balloon catheter was inserted to the level of the lesion before examination. Both conventional T1- and T2-weighted images and gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted images were obtained for all patients. The kappa statistics were performed for the evaluation of interobserver agreement and the McNemar test was performed for the analysis of staging accuracy. When only T1- and T2-weighted images were used, 5 of 32 tumors were not detected and the extent of 18 of 32 tumors were unclear. However, when gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced fat-suppressed imaging was added, 24 of 32 tumors were well defined and only one tumor was not detected. In determining the depth of invasion, the staging accuracy was 72% for conventional imaging and 68% for all images combined. There was no significant difference between with gadopentetate dimeglumine fat-suppressed imaging and conventional imaging (P > .05). Use of gadopentetate dimeglumine (fat-suppressed imaging) resulted in overestimation of muscular invasion, perirectal fat invasion, and adjacent organ invasion in 12 patients, whereas nine patients were overestimated without the use of gadopentetate dimeglumine. In the detection of metastatic lymph nodes, gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced fat-suppressed imaging also was not useful. Tumor detection was excellent using gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced fat-suppressed images. However, the accuracy of staging was not improved by obtaining such images.

Adipose Tissue↗