Biomedical subjects

K Sugio

Publications and source records attributed to K Sugio.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

Hyperplasia of the thymic gland in a patient with Graves' disease.

A tumor-like lesion in the anterior mediastinum was recognized in a 21-year-old female patient with Graves' disease. A CT examination and MRI suggested a thymoma. A subtotal thyroidectomy and a total thymectomy were therefore performed simultaneously. A pathological study of the thymic mass showed thymic hyperplasia. These findings suggest that an enlarged anterior mediastinal mass in a Graves' disease could thus sometimes turn out to be thymic hyperplasia and not a thymoma.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Immunohistochemical evidence that P-glycoprotein in non-small cell lung cancers is associated with shorter survival.

The expression of P-glycoprotein in 159 non-small cell lung cancers was immunohistochemically examined using a monoclonal antibody (MoAb C219). A total of 93 (60%) cancers were found to be positive for P-glycoprotein. The 5-year survival rates of patients with P-glycoprotein (P-gp+) and those without P-glycoprotein (P-gp-) were 47.6% and 73.6%, respectively (P < 0.05). According to a univariate analysis, P-gp+ was associated with a poor prognosis for males, those with stage I cancer, those who underwent complete resection, and those with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. A multivariate study using the Cox regression analysis indicated that the expression of P-glycoprotein is useful for predicting the prognosis. Among 24 patients who underwent complete resection and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, 18 were P-gp+ and the remaining 6 were P-gp-. Of the 18 with P-gp+ cancer, 11 relapsed and 9 died from tumor-related causes, while the other 7 remain free from tumor recurrence; however, all with P-gp- cancer are alive without recurrence. These observations suggest a bias toward a shorter survival for patients with P-gp+ cancer because P-glycoprotein may be associated with chemoresistance. Thus, detection of the expression of P-glycoprotein will aid in planning appropriate adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗

PubMed1999

Postoperative adjuvant adoptive immunotherapy with lymph node-LAK cells and IL-2 for pathologic stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

We conducted a clinical trial of adoptive immunotherapy with lymph node-lymphokine-activated killer (LN-LAK) cells and recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2) for a surgical adjuvant therapy of pathologic stage I non-small cell lung cancer. The regimen consisted of the subcutaneous administration of low-dose rIL-2 for 6 consecutive days and the transfer of ex vivo generated LAK cells from regional lymph node lymphocytes, obtained at the time of surgical operation. A group of 19 patients with primary lung cancer received the immunotherapy about 2 weeks after surgery (pulmonary lobectomy). The regimen was postoperatively well tolerated by the patients. In peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) obtained after the treatment, the proportion of CD3+ T cells predominantly increased with the increase of CD4+ T cell subsets. On the other hand, the proportion of CD20+ B cells decreased. Both NK and LAK activity of PBL significantly increased. However, the immunomodulatory effects did not result in a prolongation of the postoperative survival time in comparison to the postoperative survival of patients (n = 21) with surgery alone during the same period. These results suggested that the treatment with low-dose LN-LAK cells and concurrent low-dose IL-2 could, therefore, neither reduce nor eradicate minimal micrometastatic diseases.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

Resected peripheral small cell carcinoma of the lung: computed tomographic-histologic correlation.

In order to clarify the characteristic computed tomographic findings of peripheral small cell lung cancer, the authors investigated 12 patients with surgically resected and histologically proven peripheral small cell lung cancer. Conventional computed tomography was performed on all, and additional high-resolution computed tomographic images were obtained for nine patients. Marginal, internal, and surrounding features of the tumors were analyzed, and these findings were correlated with histologic findings. All 12 tumors appeared as homogenous masses, and eight had well-defined margins. Lobulation was found in seven, marginal ground-glass opacity in three, fine spiculation in two, and both ground-glass opacity and spiculation in one. Cut specimens showed whitish medullary masses without large areas of necrosis, and microscopic specimens showed small areas of necrosis in 11 patients. Marginal ground-glass opacities corresponded to focal edema and hemorrhage in two patients and to intraalveolar invasion in one. Fine spiculation corresponded to vascular/lymphatic invasion in one patient and to irregular intraalveolar spread in another. The authors concluded that a homogenous mass without necrosis is the most characteristic feature of peripheral small cell carcinoma on computed tomography.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

Invasive thymoma with long-term survival by extensive reoperation.

The recurrence of invasive thymoma is often observed; however, no accepted treatment of recurrent invasive thymoma has yet been established. We herein report a 41-year-old woman with invasive thymoma and pleural dissemination who demonstrated long-term survival after undergoing 4 operations. Based on our findings, reoperation is thus suggested in patients with intrathoracic recurrence and long-term survival can be expected.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Horner's syndrome in a patient with diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma].

A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of left back pain and dysesthesia in his left arm. On physical examination, the patient had ptosis, myosis, and anhydrosis on the left side, suggesting Horner's syndrome. A chest computed tomographic scan disclosed a mass lesion adjoining to the left posterior mediastinum. Although the mass lesion showed a slight decrease in size after the systemic administration of corticosteroids, no further improvement was obtained. Open chest examination revealed extended thickening of the parietal pleura with massive involvement of the upper thoracic sympathetic trunk. The diagnosis was malignant mesothelioma of sarcomatous type. Horner's syndrome is a rare but possible complication in the clinical course of malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Horner Syndrome↗

PubMed1999

Prediction of the chemosensitivity of lung cancer by 99mTc-hexakis-2-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile SPECT.

UNLABELLED: 99mTc-hexakis-2-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile (MIBI) has been reported to accumulate in various tumors and to be a transport substrate for P-glycoprotein (Pgp). The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of 99mTc-MIBI SPECT for in vivo assessment of lung cancer chemosensitivity. Also examined was the relationship between 99mTc-MIBI uptake and Pgp expression. METHODS: Ten lung cancer patients who had undergone surgery were examined. Before surgery, 99mTc-MIBI SPECT was performed 15 and 120 min after injection, and the early uptake (L/Ne), delayed uptake (L/Nd) and washout rate (L/Nwr) of 99mTc-MIBI were calculated by the count ratio of lesion to contralateral normal lung tissue. The results were then compared with chemosensitivity determined by the succinate dehydrogenase inhibition test using six antitumor drugs (doxorubicin, mitomycin C [MMC], vindesine, etoposide [VP-16], cyclophosphamide and cisplatin). Pgp expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Sensitivity to MMC correlated significantly with L/Ne (P < 0.01) and L/Nwr (P < 0.05). Sensitivity to VP-16 correlated weakly and insignificantly with L/Nwr. L/Nd showed no correlation with sensitivity to any drug. Neither L/Ne, L/Nd nor L/Nwr was significantly different between the Pgp-positive group (n = 2) and the Pgp-negative group (n = 8). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that 99mTc-MIBI SPECT, a noninvasive in vivo examination, can predict the chemosensitivity of lung cancer to MMC and VP-16 independently of Pgp expression.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗

PubMed1999

Extended resection of the pulmonary artery and the aorta for primary lung cancer. Report of a case.

We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung in which a left pneumonectomy combined resection of the pulmonary artery and aorta was performed using a cardiopulmonary bypass. The bifurcation of the pulmonary artery was repaired with a pericardial patch and the descending aorta was replaced with an artificial vessel Eleven months later, the patient underwent dissection of the contralateral mediastinal lymph nodes because of a recurrence of the disease. Even though pulmonary metastases have again recently appeared, he is alive and doing well two years after operation. To obtain a better prognosis in cases demonstrating an involvement of the bifurcation of pulmonary artery, more effective combined treatment still needs to be developed.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Positron emission tomography for detection of lymph node metastases in lung cancer].

Although radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging are still the methods of choice for the study of lung cancer, they have certain limitations in the evaluation of mediastinal lymph node metastases. Positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) has recently emerged as a practical and useful imaging modality in patients with lung cancer. We evaluated the usefulness of FDG-PET in the detection of mediastinal lymph node metastases and then compared the findings with the results of CT by region based on the histological diagnosis. For FDG-PET, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 93%, 76%, and 98%, respectively, whereas, for CT, this was 65%, 87%, and 82%, which showed significant differences. FDG-PET is significantly more accurate than CT in lymph node staging of lung cancer, and also can improve the diagnostic accuracy in distant metastases.

Fluorodeoxyglucose F18↗

PubMed1998

PTEN/MMAC1 mutations identified in small cell, but not in non-small cell lung cancers.

A putative tumor suppressor, PTEN/MMAC1 gene at 10q23 was recently identified and found to be mutated in many different human tumors. To determine the role of the PTEN/MMAC1 gene in lung cancer, we screened 34 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines, 10 SCLC tumors, 13 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and 10 NSCLC tumors using Denaturing HPLC (DHPLC) and direct sequencing methods. In SCLC, six (18%) of the cell lines and one of the primary tumor samples (10%) showed alterations of the PTEN/MMAC1 gene including point mutations, small fragment deletions, and homozygous deletions. All of the point mutations and small fragment deletions were observed in hemizygously deleted cell lines. In contrast to SCLC, none of the NSCLC tumors or cell lines had mutations in the PTEN/MMAC1 gene. These data indicate that PTEN/MMAC1 mutations contribute to the pathogenesis and neoplastic evolution in SCLC but not in NSCLC.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗

PubMed1998

A sweat-gland tumor metastasizing to the axilla: report of a case.

Sclerosing sweat-duct carcinoma is a rare malignancy of the skin. We herein present the case of a 68-year-old Japanese man who developed sclerosing sweat-duct carcinoma 2 years after undergoing local excision of a primary tumor in his right arm. Firm nodules appeared in the right axilla, which were revealed by surgical resection to be metastases. This rare tumor grows slowly but usually metastasizes to the regional lymph nodes, whereupon they are often associated with a poor prognosis. As the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiotherapy against this neoplasm remains unclear, we recommend that the disease should initially be aggressively treated by surgery, which would also be indicated for any metastatic lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1998

Spontaneous pneumothorax complicating lung metastasis from lingual carcinoma.

We report a patient with pneumothorax caused by a metastatic tumour from carcinoma of the tongue, which had given rise to a bronchopleural fistula with subsequent induction of pneumothorax. Although rare, pulmonary metastasis should be considered in the aetiology of spontaneous pneumothorax. Despite advanced disease, surgical treatment may be feasible.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed1998

Pulmonary blastoma in an adult. A case with rapid progression.

A case of biphasic type pulmonary blastoma in a 59-year-old man is reported. Although the tumour was radically resected, there was rapid metastasization to the neck, mediastinum, liver and multiple bones. Despite radiotherapy, the patient died about 14 months postoperatively. Close follow-up and aggressive chemotherapy should be considered for such tumours.

Combined Modality Therapy↗

PubMed1998

p53 alteration, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and nucleolar organizer regions in thymic epithelial tumors.

We examined p53 protein expression, p53 gene mutation, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and argyrophilic nuclear organizer regions (AgNOR), in 30 patients with surgically-treated thymic tumors (26 thymoma and 4 thymic carcinoma cases). p53 expression ratio with DO-1 was divided as p53 negative (0% positivity), low expressor (<10% positivity), high expressor (>10% positivity). The incidence of p53 low and high expressor in thymoma were 19% (5/26) and 8% (2/26), respectively. p53 immunopositivity in thymoma was significantly correlated with PCNA labeling index (LI). p53 expression ratio in invasive thymoma (33%) tended to be higher than that in non-invasive thymoma (18%). p53 expression was detected in one of the thymic carcinoma. There were no p53 gene mutations in 15 invasive thymoma, although one of four (25%) thymic carcinomas showed two point mutations. p53 gene alterations seem to be associated with malignant activity of tumor cells, and therefore detection of p53 gene mutations is useful as a diagnostic factor.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[A case of intrapulmonary lymphangioma].

We report an extremely rare case of intrapulmonary lymphangioma. A 41-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for complete medical evaluation of a pulmonary nodule on chest X-ray, which was found during an annual check-up. Chest radiograph showed a well-circumscribed spherical mass adjacent to the right border of the heart in the right lower lung field. Although a cystic tumor of the lung was suspected based on computed tomogram and magnetic resonance imaging findings, a histologic diagnosis could not be made on transbronchial biopsy. In addition, the nodule had increased in size compared with a chest X-ray taken 1 year previously. Enucleation was performed. Histological examination revealed numerous cysts with thin walls lined by a single layer of cells in which immunoreactivity to von Willebrand factor was weakly positive. Intrapulmonary lymphangioma was subsequently diagnosed.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

K-ras mutations and allelic loss at 5q and 18q in the development of human pancreatic cancers.

CONCLUSION: Our findings have implications for early diagnosis and for the identification of patients at increased risk. BACKGROUND: Invasive cancers of the pancreas frequently are preceded by and associated with a spectrum of preneoplastic changes. We investigate the presence of K-ras mutations and allelic loss at 5q and 18q loci in preneoplastic lesions associated with nine cases of invasive pancreatic ductal carcinomas. METHODS: We precisely microdissected 115 foci of normal, preinvasive, and invasive foci from paraffin-embedded sections. RESULTS: 1. K-ras mutations occur early in the pathogenesis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Mutations were identified in multiple preneoplastic foci associated with al six cases in which ras mutations were present in the corresponding invasive cancers, including nearly all foci of mucous cell and atypical hyperplasia, in some cases of papillary hyperplasia (40%), and in one example of morphologically normal epithelium. 2. Ras mutations in preneoplastic foci are widespread, occur distant from the invasive tumor, and may present multiple mutations. Two, and in one case three, different types of K-ras mutations were found in separate preneoplastic foci from three individual cases. 3. Evidence for a "second hit" in the ras gene (i.e., loss of wild-type allele or amplification of the mutant allele) was present in some tumors and may be associated with the invasive process. 4. In contrast to ras mutations, limited data suggest that loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 5q and 18q are relatively late events.

Alleles↗

PubMed1997

Micrometastatic tumor cells in the bone marrow of patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to evaluate the incidence and clinical implications of detection of micrometastatic cancer cells in bone marrow aspirates of patients with operable non-small cell lung cancer. The relationship between micrometastatic cells and p53 overexpression in the primary tumor was also assessed. METHODS: Thirty-nine patients with stages I through III non-small cell lung cancer who underwent curative resection were entered into this study. Immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibody to cytokeratin 18 was used to detect tumor cells in bone marrow. Immunostaining of p53 protein in the corresponding primary tumors was also done. RESULTS: Cytokeratin 18-positive cells were detected in 15 (39%) of the 39 patients. Overexpression of p53 was associated with positivity of the tumor cells in the bone marrow at borderline significance (14/29 versus 1/10; p = 0.0574). The patients with cytokeratin 18-positive cells in bone marrow demonstrated a significantly earlier recurrence than those without such cells (p = 0.0083, log-rank test). CONCLUSIONS: Micrometastatic cancer cells were frequently present in bone marrow of patients with operable non-small cell lung cancer and may be a significant predictor of early recurrence. Further evaluation of this method may be useful in identifying patients with non-small cell lung cancer who are most likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

Relationship between early recurrence and micrometastases in the lymph nodes of patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer.

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study was designed to detect occult micrometastases in the lymph nodes with the use of monoclonal anti-cytokeratin reagent, which is specific for epithelial cells but not for lymphocytes or plasmacytes, as well as to assess the relationship between the presence of occult micrometastases in the lymph nodes and an early relapse in patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer. METHODS: The paraffin-embedded sections of 973 regional lymph nodes from 44 patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer were studied. We used CAM-5.2 as the primary monoclonal anti-cytokeratin reagent and an indirect staining technique with the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. RESULTS: We identified cytokeratin-positive cells in 31 (70.5%) of 44 patients and in 91 (9.4%) of the 973 lymph nodes. Of these 31 patients with cytokeratin-positive cells, 19 and 12 were restaged as having N1 and N2 disease, respectively. Thirteen patients had recurrent disease at 17 sites during the follow-up. Two of these recurrences were in the mediastinal nodes and the other 15 occurred at distant organs. Twelve of the 13 patients had micrometastatic disease in the regional lymph nodes. Disease-free survival duration was significantly shorter in the patients with micrometastases in the mediastinal lymph nodes than in patients with node-negative disease (p = 0.004). The independence of this prognostic significance was demonstrated by a multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that the detection of occult micrometastases in the mediastinal lymph nodes with monoclonal antibodies to cytokeratin can thus be used to predict an early relapse in patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer.

Aged↗