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Biomedical subjects

K Sugio

Publications and source records attributed to K Sugio.

121 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Antiinflammatory principles of Aconitum roots.

The methanol extracts of Aconitum roots have shown inhibition of increased vascular permeability induced by acetic acid and of hind paw edema produced by carrageenin in mice. The extract of A. carmichaeli has been fractionated, monitored by the capillary permeability test, to yield the aconitines as active principles. The aconitines have inhibited the increased vascular permeability induced by acetic acid in mice peritoneal cavity and that induced by histamine in rat intradermal sites, and the hind paw edema formation induced by carrageenin n rats and mice at low doses. The benzoylaconines have exhibited inhibitory effects of the aforementioned acute inflammations but at higher doses. The aconitines have reduced the granulation tissue formation of the chorio-allantoic membrane of the chick embryo. On the other hand, the Aconitum alkaloids have elicited no effects on the ultraviolet erythema formation in guinea pigs at lower doses than the lethal ones and failed to show positive responses on the vascular permeability in the granuloma pouch and on adjuvant arthritis in rats at the doses employed.

Acetates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic significance of p21waf1, cyclin D1 and retinoblastoma expression detected by immunohistochemistry in non-small cell lung cancer.

p21waf1 is a downstream effector of p53, and mediates growth arrest by inhibiting the action of G1 cyclin-dependent kinases. Cyclin D1 is a cell-cycle regulator essential for G1 phases progression and a candidate proto-oncogene implicated in the pathogenesis of several human tumor types. Cyclin D1 overexpression and the absence of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein have been frequently seen in various types of cancer, including lung cancer. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between the expressions of p21waf1, cyclin D1, and Rb protein, and to investigate the correlation between these protein expressions and the clinical features of the patients, and their prognoses. We immunohistochemically examined 92 samples of resected non-small cell lung cancer for p21waf1, cyclin D1, and Rb expression. Of the 92 specimens examined, 43 cases (46.7%) showed p21waf1 expression, 23 cases (25.0%) showed cyclin D1 overexpression, and 61 cases (66.3%) showed Rb expression. No correlation was observed between the expressions of p21waf1, cyclin D1, and Rb. There was no association of p21waf1 and cyclin D1 immunoreactivity with gender, disease stage, or histological types of the tumor. Regarding the prognosis in 79 cases with complete resection, no statistical differences were observed according to the degree of expression of these three factors. However, when unfavorable prognostic factors were considered to be the positive expression of p21waf1, positive of cyclin D1, and negative of Rb, the 5-year disease-free survival rate in the group with 2 or 3 unfavorable prognostic factors was 21.1%, which was statistically poorer than the 45.4% in the group with 0 or 1 unfavorable prognostic factor (p=0.0138). We conclude that examination of the expression of cell cycle regulators, such as p21waf1, cyclin D1, and Rb, is useful as a prognostic indicator, when these proteins' expression is analyzed in combination.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inhalation therapy using a streptococcal preparation (OK-432) against bronchioloalveolar carcinoma of the lung.

OBJECTIVE: In order to inhibit the occurrence of airborne metastasis of bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma (BAC), we tried to activate alveolar macrophages by the inhalation of aerosolized OK-432, which is a heat and penicillin-treated lyophilized preparation of the Su strain of Streptococcus pyogenes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Alveolar macrophages were obtained from resected specimens of lung cancer patients and cultured for 24 h in the presence of various concentrations of OK-432 (0.001-1 KE/ml). The cytotoxic activity against a lung cancer cell line was augmented in a dose dependent manner and reached a plateau level at 0.1 KE/ml of OK-432. Furthermore, the alveolar macrophages produced various cytokines, i.e., IL-1, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 after 72 h cultivation with 0.1 KE/ml of OK-432. Based on the in vitro experiments, six patients with intrapulmonary metastatic BAC were therefore treated by the inhalation of aerosolized OK-432. All 6 patients inhaled aerosolized OK-432 (0.1 KE/ml) twice a day for 5 days. The inhalation therapy regimen was repeated either weekly or monthly unless the tumor markedly progressed. No adverse events were observed in any patients. Either an augmentation of antitumor cytotoxicity or TNF-alpha production by the alveolar macrophages was observed in the two of three patients examined. CONCLUSION: OK-432 inhalation therapy was found to be safe and thus warrants further investigation to determine its clinical effectiveness for BAC.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High-resolution CT characteristics of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the peripheral lung: comparison with well differentiated adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the characteristic high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (PDA) in comparison with those of well differentiated adenocarcinoma (WDA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated the HRCT features of surgically resected PDAs (n=21) and WDAs (n=31). We analyzed the margin, CT attenuation, and internal architecture of the tumor and findings in the surrounding lung field, comparing them with the corresponding pathologic findings. RESULTS: Smoothness of the greater part (full-1/2 round) of the tumor and solid appearance were more prevalent in PDAs than WDAs (81% vs. 32%, 100% vs. 35%) [p<0.01]. Air-bronchogram was prevalent in WDAs (58%), but was never seen in PDAs [p<0.01]. Ground-glass opacity in PDAs pathologically corresponded to inflammation and edema in the alveolar space. CONCLUSIONS: Smoothness of the tumor margin and solid appearance without air-bronchogram were more commonly found in PDA than in WDA. HRCT may predict the histological differentiation of adenocarcinoma in selected cases in which differentiation is inconclusive by sputum cytology and transbronchial or CT-guided biopsy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical significance of the Rb expression in adenocarcinoma of the lung.

BACKGROUND: Altered retinoblastoma gene expression has been found in various types of cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and some reports have shown it also to be associated with a poor clinical prognosis in NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the expression of Rb protein by immunohistochemistry in 90 patients with lung adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical resection and determined its prognostic significance. Also, the expression of p27 by immunohistochemistry and the mutations of the p53 gene by PCR-SSCP were evaluated. RESULTS: Fifty-one out of 90 tumors (56.7%) had reduced expression of the Rb gene. There were no statistical differences between the Rb expression level and clinicopathological status. There was no correlation between the Rb expression level and the p53 mutations or the p27 expression level. The 5-year survival rate in the normal group was 55.1%, which was poorer than that of 73.0% in the reduced group, but showed no statistical difference (p=0.0981). In patients with a reduced Rb-expression, the survival rate of the p53 mutation group tended to show a poorer prognosis than that of the p53 normal group (p=0.0880). In addition, the survival rate of the negative p27 expression group tended to show a poorer prognosis than that of the positive p27 expression group (p=0.0537). CONCLUSIONS: The Rb expression status was not significant as an individual factor for evaluating the prognosis in adenocarcinoma of the lung. Analyses of the accumulation of genetic alteration are necessary to identify the subset of patients with a poor prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metastatic lung tumors and extended indications for surgery.

From 1973 to 1989, 110 thoracotomies for metastatic lung tumors were done on 85 patients, in our institution. The overall actuarial five-year survival rate was 31%. The five-year survival rate for carcinoma was 40% and for sarcoma was 11% (less than 0.05). A favorable outcome was obtained in the group with primary tumors of the breast, head-neck, and chorion. The outcome for patients with bone and soft tissue tumors was poor. The significant predictors of a better long-term survival for metastatic lung tumors were disease-free interval (DFI) greater than 12 months, tumor size less than or equal to 30 mm in diameter, and tumor doubling time (TDT) greater than 40 days (p less than 0.05). The number of nodules and the laterality of the sites of recurrence did not relate to survival time. Of 22 patients undergoing regional lymph node dissection, seven (32%) had positive nodes. Even in cases of a recurrent pulmonary metastasis, the three-year survival in those with multiple thoracotomies was 16%. We wish to draw attention to the finding that a prolonged survival time can be achieved for patients undergoing regional lymph node dissection or even repeated resections for a recurrent pulmonary metastases.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary sequestration in older child and in adults.

Pulmonary sequestration is often found in children with recurrent pneumonia, but is not rare in adults. During the last 6 years (1985-1990), 6 patients with pulmonary sequestration were surgically treated. One 40-year-old patient had an extralobar sequestration, and 5 patients ranging in age from 14 to 26 years had an intralobar sequestration. The patient with extralobar sequestration was asymptomatic. In cases of intralobar sequestration, 4 patients were symptomatic. All 6 patients had an abnormal chest roentgenogram. Preoperative arteriography revealed anomalous blood supply came from a systemic artery in 4 patients. All cases with intralobar sequestration had a lower lobectomy, and one case with extralobar sequestration had an extirpation. Even in cases without any symptoms, there was the possibility of a microscopic infection in the sequestrated lesion with the occurrence of later symptoms. Therefore, patients diagnosed with pulmonary sequestration should be considered for surgical resection.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Different site mutation of the K-ras gene in a patient with metachronous double lung cancers.

We present a case with metachronous double lung cancers proved by molecular analysis. A male patient first had lung cancer discovered when he was 67 years old, and a second lung cancer was found when he was 71 years old. Pathologically, the first cancer was moderately to well differentiated adenocarcinoma and the second cancer was well differentiated adenocarcinoma. These findings suggested that the second cancer was not metastasis from the first lung cancer but a second primary lung cancer. According to the PCR and oligonucleotide mutation specific dot blot hybridization, the first lung cancer had a GGT to GTT mutation, while the second lung cancer had a GGT to TGT mutation at codon 12 of the K-ras gene. These results thus prove that these tumors were metachronous double cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytochrome P450 2E1 polymorphism as a risk factor for lung cancer: in relation to p53 gene mutation.

The distribution of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) genetic polymorphism was compared in 126 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 612 control subjects by PCR-based assay. Incidence of C type (c2/c2) of CYP2E1 polymorphism in the patients with squamous cell carcinoma (9.4%) was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (4.1%) or in the patients with adenocarcinoma (2.7%) within the Japanese population. The relative risk (95% confidence limit) of C type compared with A and B type in patients with squamous cell carcinoma was 2.45 (0.92-6.48). The incidence of p53 gene mutation was studied in an association with CYP2E1 polymorphism. When all the NSCLC patients were considered, the incidence of p53 mutations in type C (85.7%) was significantly higher than that of A and B type (32.8%). It is suggested that C type of CYP2E1 may define individuals at an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma through the impaired metabolism of a certain carcinogen which predisposes to p53 gene mutation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Second primary cancers after resection of lung adenocarcinoma with ras gene mutation.

BACKGROUND: Ras gene mutations are associated with a poor prognosis in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. However, the association between cases with ras gene mutation and an occurrence of second primary cancer is unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 89 adenocarcinoma of the lung obtained from patients treated by curative resection, and four second primary cancers, for mutation at codons 12, 13, and 61 of three ras oncogenes using polymerase chain reaction and oligonucleotide hybridization techniques. RESULTS: Ras gene mutations were detected in 13 cases. Six patients died from recurrent disease within 3 years. Of the seven patients who survived over 5 years, three patients demonstrated a metachronous second primary cancer after the operation for lung cancer, and one patient had synchronous laryngeal cancer. Two of the cases with second primary cancer demonstrated the ras gene mutation. One had the same mutation as that of the primary lung cancer, and the other had a different mutation from the first lung cancer. CONCLUSION: Ras gene mutations play an important role in tumor progression of lung adenocarcinoma and also might have an role in the carcinogenesis in respiratory tract cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗