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Biomedical subjects

K Sunami

Publications and source records attributed to K Sunami.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Triggers of hair cell regeneration in the avian inner ear.

We performed an in vitro study in order to determine possible triggers of hair cell regeneration in the chick basilar papilla following degeneration. We compared the response of sensory epithelium damaged by collagenase treatment with that damaged by acoustic trauma. The former exhibited no proliferative activity, but the latter did. The basilar papillae damaged by acoustic trauma could have proliferating activity in medium containing fetal bovine serum (FBS) or epidermal growth factor (EGF) but not in the medium without FBS or EGF. These findings indicate that regeneration of basilar papillae depends on the manner of cell death and that FBS or EGF is required for regeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

G-CSF-induced mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells for allografting: comparative study of daily single versus divided dose of G-CSF.

We conducted a comparative study on a daily single versus a divided dose of G-CSF for G-CSF-induced mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) in eleven HLA-identical sibling donors of allogeneic PBSC transplantation (PBSCT). Six donors received double subcutaneous injections of G-CSF at a dose of 5 micrograms/kg x 2/day for 5 days (Group A), while the remaining five received single subcutaneous injection at a dose of 10 micrograms/kg/day for 5 days (Group B). The numbers of circulating CD34+ cells, myeloid progenitors (CFU-GM) and erythroid progenitors (BFU-E) reached peak values at day 5 of G-CSF administration in both groups. The mean number of CD34+ cells harvested per apheresis was 4.4 x 10(6)/kg (cells/body weight of each donor, range: 0.8-7.9 x 10(6)/kg) in Group A and 5.1 x 10(6)/kg (range: 3.0-9.0 x 10(6)/kg) in Group B. There were no significant differences between these two groups in total numbers of CFU-GM, BFU-E, or T-lymphocytes harvested. Adverse effects including mild to moderate bone pain and thrombocytopenia were transient and well tolerated. No difference was observed in the incidence of adverse effects between the two groups. These observations suggest that there is no difference in G-CSF-induced mobilization of PBSC between daily single and divided dose of G-CSF to collect a sufficient number of PBSC for engraftment after allo-PBSCT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

The effects of a simplified method for cryopreservation and thawing procedures on peripheral blood stem cells.

A simplified method for cryopreservation at -80 degrees C of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) has been increasingly used for autologous PBSC transplantation in Japan. Although this method, using 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) and 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a cryoprotectant without rate-controlled freezing, has several advantages over the conventional method using 10% DMSO with rate-controlled freezing, little is known about effects of long-term cryopreservation for years and thawing process on hematopoietic progenitors. We examined the recovery rates of BFU-E and CFU-GM in sample tubes cryopreserved by the simplified method under various conditions as follows: (1) long-term storage for 1-5 years; (2) DMSO exposure for 1 h after rapid thawing; and (3) thawing at a lower temperature other than 37 degrees C. In our study, we found that the recovery rates of BFU-E and CFU-GM were not affected by the length of cryopreservation period; they remained at more than 70% on average for 16-61 months. In our hands, a 1-h exposure to DMSO after rapid thawing was not toxic for hematopoietic progenitors. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the recovery rates of BFU-E and CFU-GM between thawing at 37 degrees C and 20 degrees C. These observations indicate that PBSC cryopreserved for at least 5 years by the simplified method can be used clinically without losing hematopoietic activity, and suggest that hematopoietic activity of the thawed PBSC may be unaffected when PBSC are infused slowly within 60 min or even when PBSC are thawed gradually at room temperature.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed1997

[Unilateral mixed-dust pneumoconiosis with aluminum deposition associated with interstitial pneumonia].

A 63-year-old stoneworker complained of fever and a productive cough. His chest roentgenogram showed a nodular mass and a diffuse interstitial shadow in the right lung. Angiography of the pulmonary artery revealed obstruction of the right upper trunk. Open-lung biopsy was done. Histologic examination showed mixed-dust pneumoconiosis with a massive focus of mixed-dust fibrosis with silicotic nodules, and diffuse interstitial fibrosis of pattern with lymphoid infiltration. Chemical analysis revealed a high content of aluminum in lymph node, which was thought to be due to inhalation of alumina used for lettering stones. The unilateral interstitial pneumonia was thought to have developed due to deposition of free silica and aluminum dust. Although this patient had been given a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and the value of rheumatoid factor was high, the interstitial pneumonia was not believed to be associated with the collagen vascular disease.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1997

Asialo GM1-positive cells in mouse cochlea.

The presence of ganglio-N-tetraosylceramide (asialo GM1)-positive cells in mouse cochlea was tested for using an immunohistochemical method with an anti-asialo GM1 antibody which reacts with natural killer cells and macrophages in mouse. Only a few asialo GM1-positive cells were present on the surface of the scala tympani of the basal turn near the collecting venules. Transmission electron microscopic study showed the internal structure of these cells to be that of macrophages. These findings suggest that asialo GM1-positive cells function as resident type macrophages against invasion by pathogens of the mouse cochlea.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Induction of free radicals in the cochlea by an aminoglycoside antibiotic.

Free radicals are known to cause damage to biological tissues. We used histochemical methods to examine the emergence of free radicals in kanamycin (KM)-treated guinea pig cochlea. As a preliminary in vitro study, the emergence of free radicals was observed in guinea pig cochlea incubated with KM. In an in vivo study, KM was placed on the guinea pig round window membrane and the emergence of free radicals was observed over time. The emergence of free radicals was observed along the luminal membrane and hair bundles of outer hair cells. The appearance and disappearance of free radicals in the cochlea coincided with the transport of KM into the inner ear. These findings suggest that the emergence of free radicals could be attributed to the administration of KM.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Midbrain tegmental lesions affecting or sparing the pupillary fibres.

Two patients with oculomotor palsy caused by midbrain infarction are reported. In the first, pupillary reaction was affected and in the second this reaction was spared. Because the lesions in the anterior part of the tegmentum were in the upper midbrain in the first patient and in the lower midbrain in the second, it is suggested that the pupillary components of the oculomotor nerve are located in the upper midbrain.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Low-dose melphalan for treatment of high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes.

Twenty-one consecutive patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) including six with refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) and 15 with RAEB in transformation (RAEBt) were treated with daily oral low-dose melphalan (2 mg/day). Seven patients achieved complete remission (CR), one patient partial response, and four minor response while the remaining eight did not respond. The median age of the patients was 65 (range 56-83 years). The mean total amount of melphalan given was 140+/-19 mg in patients who achieved CR. The median duration of CR was 14.5 months. Serious toxicity was not encountered in any of the cases. Neither marrow suppression nor pancytopenia was observed during the administration of melphalan in patients who achieved CR. The clinical features of CR patients included normal karyotype and hypocellular marrow in biopsied specimen from the lilac bone. These observations suggest that melphalan may exert some differentiation effects on leukemic cells in addition to cytotoxic effects. Our study indicates that daily administration of low-dose melphalan is worth trying in the treatment of elderly patients with high-risk MDS.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Unclassified chronic myeloproliferative disorder (Ph negative/bcr rearrangement negative CML) with late appearing Philadelphia like chromosome].

A 48-year-old male was diagnosed to be unclassified chronic myeloproliferative disorder (UCMPD)/Ph negative bcr rearrangement negative (Ph-/bcr-) CML by hematological, cytogenetical and DNA analyses (Jpn. J. Clin. Hematol. 33(4): 525-531, 1992). Three years and a half after the diagnosis of UCMPD/Ph-bcr- CML, Ph chromosome was observed in 17 of 20 examined cells. Hematological findings showed a transformation into blast crisis. The late appearing of Ph in a case of UCMPD/Ph1-bcr- CML described here is rare. Southern blot analysis using 3' and 5' bcr probe showed no bcr rearrangement. Analyses of BCR/ABL chimeric RNA by RT-PCR method were negative in both of Major- and Minor BCR/ABL chimeric RNA. In the present case it is speculated that Ph is developed as the result of multistep progression and also speculated that the breakpoint at BCR gene differs from Major- and Minor-bcr in usual Ph+CML and de nove Ph+ ALL. Therefore, it may be reasonable that the present case is understood to be a case with late appearing Ph-like chromosome.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical evaluation of 201TI single photon emission computed tomography in patients with large opacities due to silicosis with bronchogenic carcinoma].

201T1 single photon emission computed tomography (201T1 SPECT) was used to evaluate 18 patients with large opacities due to silicosis and 22 others with bronchogenic carcinoma. An early scan and a delayed scan were obtained and the retention index was calculated from the early ratio and the delayed ratio. In patients with silicosis, the retention index and the two ratios were significantly lower than in the patients with bronchogenic carcinoma (p < 0.01). In patients with stable shadows on chest X-ray films due to large opacities of silicosis, the delayed ratio was the same as or lower than the early ratio. However, in patients with silicosis who had high activity in large opacities, the delayed ratio was higher than the early ratio. These results suggest that 201)T1 SPECT is useful for evaluating the activity of large opacities in patients with silicosis and for differentiating large opacities caused by silicosis from those caused by bronchogenic carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Recurrence of the acute respiratory distress syndrome in a patient with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus].

The acute respiratory distress syndrome developed twice within 4 months in a patient with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus. The diagnosis was made from the diffuse alveolar shadows seen on a chest X-ray film and a lung injury score of 3.3. The initial episode resolved quickly with steroid pulse therapy. The second episode resolved to some extent after the same therapy, but the patient died of hepatic and renal failure followed by acute pneumonia. The causes of the first and second episodes were considered to be different and the outcome depended on liver and kidney function. We report this case because the acute respiratory distress syndrome rarely occurs within 4 months.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Refractory anemia with an excess of blasts developed into overt leukemia with leukothrombocytosis.

A 72-year-old man with refractory anemia with an excess of blasts developed overt leukemia with leukothrombocytosis. Hematological and physical findings closely resembled those of an accelerated or blastic phase of chronic myelocytic leukemia. The cytogenetic anomaly of i(17q) was observed during the course. The present case is suggestive of the diversities of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), including relationships between MDS and myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) and acute leukemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

The emergence of free radicals after acoustic trauma and strial blood flow.

The effect of acoustic trauma on cochlear strial circulation was investigated immunohistologically in the guinea pig. Kanamycin was used as a tracer of blood flow. Moreover, histochemical examinations were made to reveal the emergence of free radicals in the cochlea following acoustic trauma. At 5 min (5 min after intense sound exposure 120-125 dB SPL, 3 h) the blood flow in the stria vascularis was greatly diminished. At 2 h the strial blood flow started to recirculate and at 6 h it appeared to have returned to normal. Superoxide anion radicals (O2-) emerged along the luminal membrane of the marginal cells of the stria vascularis at 5 min. O2- disappeared at 30 min, but reappeared at 2 h. The cause of its emergence at 5 min was obscure. However, the strange phenomenon that O2- emerged again at 2 h seemed ascribable to the re-circulation of strial blood flow after sound exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Silicosis associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia].

A 60-year-old man with pneumoconiosis complained of general fatigue, exertional dyspnea, and anorexia. The patient had severe anemia, and laboratory examination revealed autoimmune hemolytic anemia with positive direct and indirect Coombs tests. After corticosteroid therapy, the anemia resolved markedly, and the antinuclear antibody test became negative. However, the silicotic shadow on chest X-ray film showed no remarkable change. The autoimmune hemolytic anemia in this case was probably due to an immunological disturbance caused by silicosis.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1993

[Flow cytometry study on purification of human eosinophils and cell function].

The eosinophil is a well-known leukocyte acting as an effector cell in the allergic reaction mechanism. The application of appropriate materials has led to more exact results from allergic examinations. In an effort to further improve analysis, we established a novel purification method for eosinophils using the flow cytometry (PCM) of peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) leucocytes from healthy and allergic subjects. We examined the function of these cells in chemotaxis by platelet activating factor (PAF) and recombinant human (rh) IL-5. We obtained following results. First, we were able to separate human eosinophils containing autofluorescence substance, which was detectable by FCM employing a 450 nm argon ion laser. Second, the purity and recovery rate of the eosinophils were 90.1 +/- 4.2% and 32.1 +/- 7.6% in the healthy subjects who had no peripheral eosinophilia (< 6%) and 93.7 +/- 4.4% and 37.2 +/- 7.5% in the allergic subjects who had eosinophila (> 6%). A relationship was readily apparent between the peripheral and purified eosinophil counts in the healthy subjects (r = 0.62). Autofluorescence of the eosinophil fraction on PCM was further found to be decreased in patients with marked eosinophilia because of an increase in hypodense eosinophils. Third, highly purified eosinophils (76%) were also obtained from the 6.5% eosinophils present in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of one bronchial asthma patient. Fourth, the maximal chemotaxis of these eosinophils was shown at 10(-6) M of platelet activating factor (PAF) and at 1 micrograms/ml of IL-5 in a dose-dependent manner. This activity in allergic patients was accelerated compared with that in healthy subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Studies on IgG subclass antibodies in adult asthma. 2. Changes in serum antigen specific IgG subclass antibodies for aging and intractability in asthmatics].

To clarify the factors which induce intractable asthma, the level of serum IgG subclass antibodies to mite (Dermatophagoides farinae) and Candida antigens (Candida albicans) for aging and severity was investigated in 230 bronchial asthmatics (Male: 117, Female: 113) aged 6-81 years old (mean age = 40). Total IgE level and IgE antibodies to mite and Candida antigens were measured by radioimmunosorbent test (RIST) and radioallergosorbent test (RAST), respectively. The serum level of IgG and IgG1 antibodies to the antigens were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were as follows: 1) The incidence of severe asthma in aged and late onset asthmatics, especially late onset intractable asthma (LOIA), was higher than that in young and early onset asthmatics. 2) The serum level of total IgE and IgE antibodies to mite in aged and late onset asthmatics was lower than that in young and early onset asthmatics. 3) The incidence of severe and intractable asthmatics in the group of low IgE levels (less than 300 IU/ml) was higher than that in the group of high IgE levels (over 500 IU/ml). The incidence of positive IgE (RAST) score to mite in severe and intractable asthmatics was lower than that in mild and moderate asthmatics. 4) Considering aging, the serum levels of IgG and IgG1 antibodies to mite and Candida in severe and intractable asthmatics was higher than those in mild asthmatics. These data indicate that the aged and late onset asthmatics may produce dominantly the IgG (IgG1) antibody to the antigens, and have severe asthma attacks caused by IgG (IgG1) rather than IgE antibody.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Oculomotor nerve palsy due to small midbrain infarct--functional topography based on MRI findings].

This is a report of 3 cases presented with oculomotor nerve palsy caused by small midbrain infarct. The aim of this report is to clarify the functional topography of intranuclear and intrafascicular portion of the oculomotor nerve with MRI. Three cases are 2 males and 1 female, ranging 51 to 68 years in age. Except for the long tract signs at the acute stage, cardinal sings were all eye-related, incomplete in 1 case and pupil sparing-type in 2 cases. In MRI, the size of the lesion extended 5 to 12 mm. In the incomplete palsy case, the infarction extended from the level immediately below the 3rd ventricle into the whole length of midbrain, whereas in the pupil-sparing types, more limited lesion excluding the upper part of the midbrain was noted. Anatomically the longitudinal size of the nucleus is 10mm and nerves functionally related to pupil reaction, eye motion and eyelid elevation are arranged in rosrocaudal order. Therefore, it is speculated that in midbrain, intrafascicular location of nerve fibers associated with pupil reaction is rostral and oculomotor nerve palsy of pupil sparing type is caused by the lesion excluding the rostral midbrain. MRI findings of the present 3 cases are compatible with this speculation. The lowest border of red nucleus is at the level of superior colliculus, whereas oculomotor nucleus has its lowest margin at the inferior colliculus. Therefore, red nucleus becomes an informative landmark to visualized the level of oculomotor nerve injury, since the red nucleus is clearly demonstrated in high intensity in T2 weighted image.

Aged↗