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Biomedical subjects

K T Stokke

Publications and source records attributed to K T Stokke.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Follicle-stimulating hormone as a prognostic indicator in clomiphene citrate/human menopausal gonadotrophin-stimulated cycles for in-vitro fertilization.

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), oestradiol and prolactin levels were studied in a sequential clomiphene citrate/human menopausal gonadotrophin (CC/HMG) regimen for in-vitro fertilization. At completion of CC administration, the median FSH level in 44 cancelled cycles was elevated compared to a control group of 65 completed cycles, 29 IU/l versus 15 IU/l, P less than 0.01. Also the median FSH/LH ratio was higher in the cancelled cycles than in the control group, 1.08 versus 0.71, P less than 0.05. Conversely, the median oestradiol level was lower in the cancelled cycles than in the completed cycles, 0.27 nmol/l versus 0.59 nmol/l, P less than 0.01. No difference was seen in the median LH and prolactin levels. An FSH value above the 95% confidence limit was found in 24 of the cancelled cycles, but in only two of the completed cycles. Based on this study, an elevated FSH value following CC administration predicts a poor response to further stimulation with an accuracy of 92.3% and should result in cancellation of the cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

CQP 201-403, a new dopamine agonist in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia.

Current drugs used for hyperprolactinemia may have severe side effects. Effects and side effects of a new propylergoline derivate (CQP 201-403 SANDOZ) have been evaluated. Twenty-four otherwise healthy women (21-44 years) with hyperprolactinemia (35-318 micrograms/l) without extrasellar extension of pituitary adenomas took part in a randomized, double-blind study. Fasting prolactin levels measured on day 7 was significantly decreased when compared with day 1 (P less than 0.05) in all CQP groups, to 78% with 0.005 mg daily, to 40% with 0.015 mg daily, and to 27% with 0.025 mg CQP per day for one week. The levels in the control group did not change (96%). The area under the curve of the prolactin day curve (1-8 h after drug administration) decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) at all doses when day 7 was compared with day 1, to 77% with 0.005 mg, to 51% with 0.015 mg, and to 37% with 0.025 mg CQP. No change was seen in the control group (96%). Four patients (one on 0.005 mg, one on 0.015 mg, and two on 0.025 mg) experienced orthostatic hypotension while standing blood pressure was to be measured on the first day of treatment, and they had to lie down. CQP 201-403 lowers prolactin levels in hyperprolactinemic women at all doses employed. The effect was seen after the first dose of treatment, and lasted for at least 24 h. The adverse reactions are few and tolerable, and might be less than with current bromocriptine therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on thyroid function parameters.

Serum concentrations of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, TSH and prolactin were measured in 10 patients with affective disorders receiving ECT. Samples were drawn at -15 min, 0, +30 min, +60 min and +3 hr after ECT. A significant increase in both prolactin and TSH was observed 30 min after ECT. A small but significant decrease in triiodothyronine but no change in thyroxine was found in all post-ECT samples. The increase in TSH may be caused by an anti-dopaminergic effect of ECT at either the pituitary or the hypothalamic level.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Formation of prostanoids in human umbilical vessels perfused in vitro.

Four major prostanoids (6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGE2, PGF2 alpha and TXB2) were measured by specific radioimmunoassays in the outputs from human umbilical vessels perfused in vitro. As evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) only few blood platelets were attached to the vessel wall. After an initial flush with decreasing concentrations of all four prostanoids, a stable stage was reached, lasting for 4-5 hours. During this stage the production could be inhibited by indomethacin and only slightly stimulated with arachidonic acid. The TXA2 synthetase inhibitor UK 38485 depressed the TXB2 production, while only slightly affecting the other three prostanoids at very high concentrations. The arteries produced relatively more 6-keto-PGF1 alpha than did the vein.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1986

No monthly variations in serum levels of thyroid hormones in human males.

There have been very few reports on rhythmic variation in thyroid hormone concentrations with a periodicity of 4-6 weeks. In an attempt to evaluate whether such a rhythm is a general phenomenon we studied ten healthy male students with weekly blood samples over 12 weeks for T4, T3 and TSH. No rhythmicity could be demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Changes in plasma and red cell volumes during exposure to high altitude.

Training at moderate altitude has been used by athletes to improve the performance at sea level. Not all athletes benefit from altitude training, and there also has been some doubt as to whether red cell volume increases in all subjects. Ten members of the Norwegian Everest Expedition 1985 took part in the present study. Plasma volume was determined by isotope dilution, using 125I-albumin. By simultaneous measurement of hematocrit the total blood volume and red cell volume were calculated. Measurements were done in Oslo (sea level) before departure, and in Base Camp (5300 m) four weeks later. The mean altitude during these four weeks was 4100 m. Red cell volume increased in all participants, and excessively in two of them. Since plasma volume decreased in four subjects, the change in total blood volume was less consistent. In one climber dehydration led to a decrease in total blood volume. While a significant correlation was found between maximal oxygen uptake and red cell volume at sea level, the hematologic response to altitude seemed independent on physical fitness. In one climber the erythropoietic response was so excessive (more than 50% increase in red cell volume), that he had to be hemodiluted.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Altered angiotensin-prostanoid interactions in umbilical arteries in pregnancy-induced hypertension.

The production rate of four prostanoids (PGE2, PGF2 alpha, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2) in human umbilical cords from normal pregnancies (control) and cases with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) were compared. The cords in the PIH-group produced significantly less 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and more TXB2 than did those in the control-group. Production rates of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were almost equal in the two groups. After stimulation with angiotensin II the PIH-cords displayed a far smaller increase in 6-keto-PGF1 alpha production compared to the control cords. The responses in PGE2 and PGF2 alpha production were again equal in the two groups. The present results indicate that the angiotensin-prostanoid interactions are disturbed in fetal as well as in maternal vessels. Such a disturbance may explain the observed relative hypersensitivity to angiotensin II observed in gravidae prone to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1986

Reduced cerebral blood flow in high altitude climbers.

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was studied by 133Xe inhalation dynamic single photon emission computer tomography in 8 members of a climbing expedition to the Himalayas. With one exception they had all previously climbed at high altitudes. All stayed above 6,500 m for approximately 3 weeks, and 5 reached the summit of Mt. Everest. CBF was measured in Oslo before, immediately after, and one year after the completion of the expedition. Measurements were made at rest and following the injection of 1 g acetazolamide intravenously. As reference group was used 13 healthy male subjects of similar age from the hospital staff. Ten age-matched male diving instructors formed a second control group. In the climbers a small, but not significant reduction in CBF was seen after the expedition. On the other hand, they had significantly lower CBF than reference subjects already before the expedition. The flow difference was most pronounced corresponding to the perfusion territory of the middle cerebral artery. One year after the completion of the expedition the average CBF in climbers was still more than 15% lower than in the reference group. The climbers had higher relative flow increase after acetazolamide injection than the reference subjects, showing that the functional capacity of the microvascular system of the brain was intact. Whether neuronal activity or number of neurones is reduced in climbers proportional to the decrease in flow, or maintained at normal level by increased oxygen and glucose extraction, cannot be answered by the present data.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1979

Effect of stress during labor on the concentration of cortisol and estriol in maternal plasma.

The effect of stress during labor on the plasma concentration of cortisol, unconjugated estriol, and human chorionic somatomammotropin was studied in 15 healthy primiparous women. According to the method of pain relief the parturients were divided into two groups. One group was given continuous epidural analgesia and the other group received pethidine, diazepam, and nitrous oxide/oxygen in response to pain. In the most stressed nonepidural group there was a significant rise in the cortisol level during labor and the estriol concentration fell significantly. In the epidural group no significant changes were observed with respect to the concentration of either cortisol or estriol. These results give further support to the hypothesis that severe maternal stress may lead to a reduced concentration of estriol in maternal plasma.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Plasma estrogens and hepatic lipase in postheparin plasma with special reference to liver disease.

Hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase activity in postheparin plasma, plasma total estrogens (estradiol and estrone) and triglycerides were studied in patients with various liver disorders and in a reference group. The activity of hepatic lipase was not correlated to the estrogen level either in patients or in healthy controls. Peroral administration of estradiol valeriate to healthy females resulted, however, in a selective decline in hepatic lipase activity. A slight and not significant reduction was also observed in three infertile women after administration of follitropin (FSH) for a short period. The plasma concentration of estrogens did not correlate with the levels of plasma triglycerides and the relative content of triglycerides in low density lipoproteins either in patients or the controls. Lipase inhibition mediated by increase in estrogens therefore does not seem to exaplin the hypertriglyceridemia observed in patients with liver disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effects of betamethasone on plasma levels of estriol, cortisol and HCS in late pregnancy.

The effect of a single dose of betamethasone on the maternal plasma concentration of estriol and cortisol was studied. The concentration of estriol decreased rapidly. A maximal suppression of about 70 per cent was seen after 6-24 hours. A similar influence on the maternal plasma concentration of cortisol was observed. HCS (human chorionic somatomammotropin) was not influenced by betamethasone. These facts have to be taken into consideration after treatment with synthetic corticosteroids in high risk pregnancies.

Adult↗