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Biomedical subjects

K Takano

Publications and source records attributed to K Takano.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[A case report of serous cystadenoma located in pancreatic tail].

Cystadenomas of the pancreas are relatively rare compared to pseudocysts. There are two types of cystadenoma of the pancreas; mucinous and serous. Serous cystadenomas of the pancreas are very rare. We experienced a serous cystadenoma located in pancreatic tail. The patient was male, forty-one years old, and was free from any subjective symptom. The pancreatic cyst was found by abdominal ultrasonography and was difficult to differentiate serous or mucinous by computed tomography or celiac angiography preoperatively. We performed distal pancreatectomy and the cyst was revealed to be serous cystadenoma pathologically.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effects of activin A and somatostatin on intact FSH secretion and intracellular Ca2+ concentration in human FSH-secreting pituitary adenoma cells.

Activin A stimulated synthesis and secretion of intact FSH in dispersed human FSH-secreting adenoma cells. Significant stimulation was observed after 24 hr. Activin A caused an increase in Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). This response occurred soon after the activin A action. These effects were blocked in Ca(2+)-deficient medium and by nitrendipine (5 microM). Somatostatin inhibited the activin A-induced intact FSH secretion and the [Ca2+]i response. These findings indicated that Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channel was involved in the activin A induced synthesis and secretion of intact FSH.

Activins↗
PubMed1992

The majority of the marker chromosomes in Japanese patients with stigmata of Turner syndrome are derived from Y chromosomes.

DNA analyses of 41 individuals with stigmata of Turner syndrome and a 45,X/46,X+mar or 46,X+mar karyotype were carried out. Southern-blot analysis employing 17 Y-specific probes were used to determine whether the marker chromosome was Y-chromosomal in origin. Of the 41 DNA samples from these patients, 23 contained detectable Y-chromosomal DNA. Points of chromosome breakage were distributed over the entire length of the Y long arm. Three individuals, who carry different portions of the Y chromosome, had developed gonadoblastoma. GBY (the gonadoblastoma locus on the Y chromosome) is mapped proximal to DYS132, midway between the 13 Yq loci that we have studied. We also used a polymerase chain reaction technique that could detect 7 loci over the length of the Y chromosome. This technique may be useful for the rapid assessment of marker chromosomes, especially for evaluating the risk of gonadoblastoma.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1992

Growth hormone reverses impaired wound healing in protein-malnourished rats treated with corticosteroids.

Corticosteroid (CS) administration amplifies the inhibitory effect of protein malnutrition (PM) on wound healing. Abdominal surgery in protein malnourished patients receiving corticosteroids (eg, advanced malignancy, transplant recipients) may be complicated by wound dehiscence or anastomotic breakdown. Although preoperative parenteral nutrition can reduce the incidence of these complications, this is not possible in patients requiring urgent surgical intervention. In a previous report we demonstrated that postoperative growth hormone (GH) administration could restore normal wound healing in PM rats. This study evaluates the effect of GH on wound healing in PM rats treated with CS. Forty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180 to 210 g were divided into four groups: (1) normally nourished; (2) PM only; (3) PM + CS; and (4) PM + CS + GH. PM rats (groups 2 to 4) received 5.5% protein chow every other day for 8 weeks. Control rats (group 1) received 23.4% protein chow for the same duration. Group 3 and 4 rats received prednisolone (2 mg/kg, intramuscularly) during the last 3 weeks of PM. All animals underwent precise 5-cm midline celiotomies. Postoperatively, rats in all groups were given 23.4% protein chow. Group 3 and 4 rats continued to receive CS postoperatively. Group 4 rats were given GH (0.5 mg/d, intraperitoneally) postoperatively for 5 days. Wound testing was performed on the 6th postoperative day after removal of the sutures. A balloon inserted into the peritoneal cavity through the vagina was gradually inflated. The pressure at which the wound disrupted was recorded as the wound bursting strength.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1992

Markers of a hypercoagulable state following acute ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The nature of hematologic disorders in different stroke subtypes remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to clarify the differences in the coagulation and fibrinolytic activities among ischemic stroke subtypes. METHODS: We performed sequential measurements of hematologic parameters in 21 patients with acute cardioembolic stroke, 10 patients with atherothrombotic stroke, 23 patients with lacunar stroke, and 20 age-matched controls. RESULTS: A marked elevation of plasma concentrations of the thrombin-antithrombin III complex and crosslinked D-dimer was observed only in cardioembolic stroke within 48 hours of onset (p less than 0.01), persisting for one month with a gradual decline. In atherothrombotic stroke, however, the level of crosslinked D-dimer was not elevated at the onset, but increased seven days after onset (p less than 0.01). No significant changes in these marker levels were observed in lacunar stroke. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the nature of altered coagulation and fibrinolysis are different in various subtypes of ischemic stroke, and that an assessment of these hematologic parameters may be useful for the early classification of these subtypes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Simultaneous measurement of changes in the membrane potential and the intracellular Ca2+ concentration caused by somatostatin in human GH-producing pituitary tumor cells.

Changes in the membrane potential and the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) caused by somatostatin (SRIF) were simultaneously measured in human GH-producing pituitary tumor cells, by means of the nystatin-perforated whole cell clamp technique and Fura-2 AM. An application of 10(-8) M SRIF hyperpolarized the membrane and arrested Ca(2+)-dependent spontaneous action potentials. [Ca2+]i concurrently decreased during membrane hyperpolarization. When the membrane potential was clamped below the threshold for voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, [Ca2+]i decreased and SRIF did not further reduce [Ca2+]i. In cells which did not show spontaneous action potentials, SRIF hyperpolarized the membrane but it affected [Ca2+]i little. From these results it was concluded that the reduction in [Ca2+]i caused by SRIF was ascribed to the decrease in Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated channels during membrane hyperpolarization. The effect of SRIF on the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel current was also examined under the perforated whole cell clamp. SRIF (10(-8) M) inhibited the Ca2+ channel current to 80.8 +/- 15.4% (n = 5) of the control. Because SRIF-induced inhibition of the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel current was not prominent, it was considered that membrane hyperpolarization is the major cause of the reduction in [Ca2+]i in human GH-producing cells.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

Treatment of 46 patients with Turner's syndrome with recombinant human growth hormone (YM-17798) for three years: a multicentre study.

A total of 46 patients with Turner's syndrome were treated for three years with recombinant hGH. Nineteen patients received hGH at a weekly dosage of 0.5 IU.kg-1.week-1, while 27 received 1.0 IU.kg-1.week-1 by daily sc injection. Both treatment groups showed a statistically significant growth increase during treatment. The increase in height over three years' treatment, as expressed by SD score (SDS) for chronological age, did not differ significantly between patients treated with 0.5 IU and those with 1.0 IU hGH. Seventeen of 22 patients over the age of 14 had exceeded their expected adult height. Plasma IGF-1 levels were elevated and no remarkable advances in bone age were observed during the treatment in either treatment group. There were no other significant changes in physical or laboratory examinations. No glucose intolerance was observed. These results indicate that hGH treatment is useful for accelerating growth velocity in patients with Turner's syndrome. However, further study will be required to find the best treatment dosage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[A review on assessment techniques for workers' physical and mental conditions by physiological measurements].

It was only a several decades ago that physiological measurements were recognized as effective indicators of human physical and mental conditions in occupational health or ergonomics. The recent rapid progress in sensor and signal processing techniques, however, made these available for practical evaluation techniques. This paper is an overview of the accumulated techniques in several fields including experimental psychology, physiology, medical sciences, and ergonomics. The major topics described herein are as follows: 1) properties and merits of physiological measurements compared with the other techniques, 2) applicability of various physiological indicators evaluated from noninvasive, ambulatory and continuous monitoring techniques, 3) practical physiological measurements and signal processing systems which can be applied at actual workplaces and environment, 4) effective and useful evaluation techniques of physiological indicators such as ECG, blood pressure, respiratory parameters, EEG, EBP, EMG, body movements, body temperature, perspiration, eye movements, CFF and electrodermal activities. Our review of 235 published papers has shown that physiological measurements have made a significant contribution to the assessment of physical and mental workload, CNS (central nervous system) activity level and work performance. However, further studies should be made on detail mechanisms and individual variations.

Ergonomics↗
PubMed1992

Differential distribution of a carbohydrate epitope (Y) on human salivary gland cell membranes.

Monoclonal antibody 303 (mAb 303) reacts with the high molecular weight agglutinin present in human saliva. Its reactivity is periodate sensitive, and it has been shown to recognize the Y epitope. Immunogold labeling of thin sections of human parotid and submandibular glands with mAb 303 showed reactivity in secretory granules of serous acinar, intercalated and striated duct cells (Takano et al., 1988). We now report that the apical and basolateral membranes of salivary acinar and duct cells are labeled by mAb 303, but not myoepithelial cells, endothelial cells and other mesenchymal cells. Gold particles were confined to acinar and duct cell membranes even when myoepithelial cells were directly adjacent, suggesting that the epitope resides on a membrane glycoprotein and that the label does not represent secreted agglutinin bound to the cell surface. Although myoepithelial cells are thought to differentiate from epithelial stem cells, the present results indicate that substantial compositional differences exist between the membranes of myoepithelial cells and other salivary parenchymal cells. Earlier studies also showed that mAb 303 labels normal pancreatic acinar cells and certain salivary (pleomorphic adenoma) and mammary (lactating adenoma) tumors (Bogert et al., 1988). This antibody thus may be a useful reagent for characterizing the origin of exocrine gland-derived cell cultures and neoplastic cells. Further, localization studies may provide insight into the role of the Lewis blood group-related epitope in secretory cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

[Therapeutic difference by TAE between HCC with HCV-Ab and HBV-Ag].

Transarterial infusion therapy using adriamycin-Lipiodol emulsion (TAE) was used for 30 patients of HCC with HCV-Ab and 20 patients with HBV-Ag. We compared the tumor effect and prognosis in terms of several clinico-pathological factors. The response rate (PR+MR) after TAE was 43% in HCC patients with HCV-Ab and 30% in those with HBV-Ag. One-year survival rate was 89% in HCC patients with HCV-Ab and 58% in HCC patients with HBV-Ag. Thus, there was a significant difference between the two groups. No definite reasons between two groups influencing tumor effect and prognosis is obviously revealed except for portal vein invasion.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1992

[Kainic acid-induced generalized seizures in cats--microinjection into caudate nucleus].

Electroencephalographic and behavioral changes were observed after 2 micrograms of kainic acid (KA) injection through a chronically implanted cannula into unilateral caudate nucleus (CN) of freely moving and non-anesthetized cats. The control group showed no changes on EEG or behavior during the observation period. In KA group, from 2 to 5 minutes after KA injection, the cats showed contralateral circling. On EEG, focal spikes were elicited at the injected site of the right CN. From 15 to 25 minutes after the injection, secondarily generalized seizures were observed on EEG repeatedly. However, the behavioral change was not remarkable and only the behavioral arrest was observed during the electrographic generalized seizure. From 6 to 8 hours after injection, they showed clonic seizure of the contralateral hindlimb followed by generalized tonic-clonic convulsion. These seizures were frequent during 6 to 16 hours after injection. However, these seizures subsided within 48 hours after the injection and the cats became normal afterward. Histopathological examination revealed focal pyknosis and gliosis only at the injection site of caudate nucleus. The results suggested that an epileptogenic focus of the caudate nucleus demonstrated a rapid evolution from the focal seizure status to the secondarily generalized seizure status. This fact explains that the caudate nucleus may be a possible key structure as a relay nucleus for the secondary generalization of a focal seizure.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effects of insulin-like growth factor I or human growth hormone in fasted rats.

To study the effect of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) treatment on growth and metabolism in fasted rats and compare it with the effect of human growth hormone (hGH), we infused 120 micrograms/ml IGF-I continuously or injected 200 micrograms hGH twice a day in fasted rats. After a 3 1/2-day administration of IGF-I in fasted rats, the body weights, kidney, spleen and adrenal gland weights were greater than those for untreated fasted rats (control). The body weights and the organ weights in hGH treated rats did not differ from those in control rats. Serum IGF-I levels in control, hGH treated and IGF-I treated rats were 64.0 +/- 6.1, 107.5 +/- 6.9 and 129.8 +/- 6.3 ng/ml, respectively, which were significantly different from each other. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were 13.9 +/- 1.1 ng/ml in IGF-I treated rats, which were significantly lower than those of control rats. Human GH treatment did not change BUN but affected nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) and triglyceride. In IGF-I treated rats three-day urinary excretion of nitrogen and creatine were 163.5 +/- 14.6 mg and 9.53 +/- 1.53 mg, which were significantly less than those in control rats. These data indicate that IGF-I infusion inhibits body weight loss and catabolism in fasted rats and might be a useful therapy in catabolic conditions.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1992

[Felty's syndrome].

Felty's syndrome is a variant of rheumatoid arthritis with a triad of leukopenia, splenomegaly and typical rheumatoid arthritis, and often accompanies the other extraarticular symptoms, such as subcutaneous nodules, lymphadenopathy, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leg ulcers, fever and weight loss. In addition to the decreased number of leukocyte, impaired functions of leukocytes were also revealed. These changes were considered as the cause of repeated infections, which was the major cause of death in Felty's syndrome. Splenectomy is not fully effective for leukopenia and for the repeated infection. Glucocorticoid therapy can increase leukocyte count, at least tentatively. It has been reported that gold was effective for leukopenia, repeated infection and skin ulcer. However, the definitive way of treatment of this syndrome based on the pathogenesis of this syndrome, remains to be established.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of anticonvulsants upon experimental limbic seizure status and regional cerebral blood flow in the hippocampus].

Continuous monitoring of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of the hippocampus was made during limbic seizure status in cats by means of a heat clearance method with a calibration method by an electrolytic hydrogen clearance method. A stereotaxic operation was made under Nembutal anesthesia. Local anesthetics were applied to the painful area. Femoral artery and vein were cannulated and served for arterial blood pressure monitoring and drug injection, respectively. Tracheostomy was made and ventilated artificially. A double cannula was inserted to the amygdala and fixed to the skull with a dental cement. Electrodes for heat clearance method, electrolytic hydrogen clearance method and EEG recording were inserted to the dorsal hippocampus. Limbic seizure status was induced by kainic acid microinjection (2 ug) into amygdala via implanted cannula. Baseline rCBF was measured in each cats. Continuous monitoring of rCBF was made before and after intravenous administration of anticonvulsants such as zonisamide (ZNS), valproic acid (VPA), diazepam (DZP), phenobarbital (PB) and phenitoin (PHT). Physiological saline (PHS) was injected for controls. Injection of DZP resulted in strong seizure suppression with decrease of arterial blood pressure and hippocampal rCBF. Intravenous PB demonstrated analogous action with DZP with a mild anticonvulsant effect. Intravenous ZNS or VPA resulted in inhibition of seizure propagation from limbic system to cortex. However, these drugs augmented rCBF of the hippocampus more than 2 hours after administration. PHT and PHS demonstrated no anticonvulsant effect nor rCBF change in the present study.

Animals↗