Biomedical subjects

K Tane

Publications and source records attributed to K Tane.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Four new bioactive pyrrole-derived alkaloids from the marine sponge Axinella brevistyla.

Four new alkaloids (1-4) were isolated from the marine sponge Axinella brevistyla, and their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. The alkaloids 1-4 were antifungal against the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae at <1.0, <1.0, 30, and 100 microg/disk, respectively. Compounds 1-3 also exhibited cytotoxicity against L1210 cells with IC(50) values of 1.1, 0.66, and 2.5 microg/mL, respectively.

Alkaloids↗

PubMed2000

In vitro inhibitory effects of troglitazone and its metabolites on drug oxidation activities of human cytochrome P450 enzymes: comparison with pioglitazone and rosiglitazone.

1. Investigated were the effects of a new oral antidiabetic drug, troglitazone, and its three metabolites and antidiabetic drug candidates pioglitazone and rosiglitazone on xenobiotic oxidations catalyzed by nine recombinant human cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP) enzymes and by human liver microsomes. 2. Troglitazone (5 microM) significantly inhibited CYP2C8-dependent paclitaxel 6alpha-hydroxylation and CYP2C9-dependent S-warfarin 7-hydroxylation. On the other hand, pioglitazone and rosiglitazone (50 microM) only slightly inhibited these xenobiotic oxidation activities catalyzed by CYP2C enzymes. 3. The inhibitory potential of troglitazone (50% inhibition concentration, IC50) was approximately 5 microM for drug oxidations catalyzed by CYP2C9 and CYP2C8 and approximately 20 microM for activities catalyzed by CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 respectively. For the three metabolites of troglitazone tested, a quinone-type metabolite (M3) was the most potent inhibitor for CYP2C enzymes, followed by a sulphate conjugate (M1); effects of a glucuronide (M2) were very weak. The inhibitory effects of the parent drug were more potent than those of metabolites. Troglitazone and M3 inhibited P450 activities mainly through a competitive manner with Ki = 0.2-1.7 microM and 1.4-8.8 microM respectively. 4. In three human liver microsomes, troglitazone and its metabolites also inhibited paclitaxel 6alpha-hydroxylation, S-warfarin 7-hydroxylation, S-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylation, and testosterone 6beta-hydroxylation with similar IC50, as observed for the recombinant P450 enzyme systems. 5. These results suggest that xenobiotic oxidations by P450 enzymes are more substantially affected by troglitazone and its metabolites than pioglitazone or rosiglitazone, and that drug interactions may be of much importance to understand the basis for the pharmacological and toxicological actions of this new oral antidiabetic drug.

Chromans↗

PubMed1992

[Carotid stenosis complicated by coronary disease; a case report].

A 66-year-old-man with carotid stenosis complicated by coronary disease is reported. He suffered from mild motor weakness on the right side and speech disturbance. Radiological examination revealed 90% stenosis at the cervical portion of the left internal carotid artery, and two-vessel coronary disease. In order to prevent intraoperative cardiac stroke, initial percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA), was performed and the subsequent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) was performed successfully. Preoperative symptoms gradually improved and he was discharged as ambulatory. Because atherosclerosis is always systemic, patients with carotid artery disease should be examined for coronary disease. We recommend greater use of coronary angiography and, when a lesion is found, the use of PTCA, which is a safer method in terms of preventing intraoperative cardiac stroke of CEA than any other method.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

[Traumatic ophthalmic artery-superior ophthalmic vein fistula: a case report].

Traumatic intraorbital arteriovenous fistula is rare and only 2 cases have been reported. The authors report the case of a 70-year-old man with consciousness disturbance after non-penetrating head injury. CT scan showed diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage in the basal cistern, and angiography on the next day revealed ophthalmic artery-superior ophthalmic vein fistula in the right orbit. During the clinical course of this lesion, there was mild chemosis of the right eye, without palsy of extraocular muscles. Both papilledema and bruit were absent. Conservative treatment was chosen. On the 26th day after the head injury, repeated angiography showed complete disappearance of the fistula. The patient was discharged on the 39th day without neurological deficit. In the other two reported cases, intraorbital A-V fistulae were caused by direct-penetrating injury. But, in the present case the head injury was non-penetrating and blunt type. The pathogenesis was considered to be indirect injury of the intraorbital vessels at the retrobulbar portion, approximately where the artery and the vein crossed. As regards to treatment, simple observation may be the first choice, and spontaneous obliteration can be expected. If this does not occur, either embolization or ligation of the ophthalmic artery is suggested as the second choice as proposed by Freitas MAL et al.

Aged↗

PubMed1979

Biofeedback and relaxation effects in electromyographic biofeedback training: a methodological note.

The present study documented progressive reductions of electromyographic potentials in a biofeedback study involving instructions to 11 female and 5 male college students to both increase and decrease the feedback (and therefore the muscle tension). When only pre-experimental baselines were employed, electromyographic reductions were found with instructions to decrease the feedback. When repeated, nontreatment baseline conditions were employed as references for analysis, no electromyographic reductions were detected beyond the progressive reductions that occurred during those baselines.

Biofeedback, Psychology↗