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Biomedical subjects

K Tanner

Publications and source records attributed to K Tanner.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Gastric epitheloid leiomyomas, pulmonary chondroma, non-functioning metastasizing extra-adrenal paraganglioma and myxoma: a variant of Carney's triad. Report of a patient.

A female suffering from a complete Carney's triad (two gastric epithelioid leiomyomas, recurrent and metastasizing laryngeal paraganglioma, and pulmonary chondroma or hamartoma), and from a myxoma is described. The time elapsed between the detection of the gastric tumors and the metastases of the paraganglioma was 19 years.

Chondroma↗
PubMed1982

Pilot studies using melanoma tumor-associated antigens (TAA) in specific-active immunochemotherapy of malignant melanoma.

Highly purified melanoma TAA which induce melanoma-related cellmediated immune responses have been further characterized using hyperimmune TAA antisera after affinity chromatography for double immunodiffusion-immunoelectrophoresis and indirect immunofluorescence studies. An additional study of antigenic modulation was performed in 23 nonanergic and seven anergic melanoma patients, tested simultaneously with melanoma TAA prepared from primary and metastatic tumors, which had been obtained from one patient at different time periods. The results of pilot clinical trials are reported, including toxicity, timing and dosage studies in 20 patients and subsequent studies of patients with metastatic melanoma treated at three separate centers, using a single lot of purified, allogeneic melanoma TAA. The results of these latter studies in 51 patients with Stage III (distantly metastatic) melanoma and in five patients with earlier stages of disease indicate that: (1) when the interval from primary therapy to recurrence is greater than one year and when liver, bone and brain are not involved, partial or total clinical regression may be noted in up to 25% of patients with metastatic disease receiving immunochemotherapy; (2) when total regression does occur, the effect usually lasts from one to three years; (3) cytoreductive (debulking) surgery, when possible, in cutaneous, nodal retroperitoneal, and visceral regions may enhance the response to specific active immunochemotherapy, although some debulked patients had less tumor burden and this factor alone may lead to an improved prognosis in patients undergoing any subsequent treatment; (4) when circulating inhibitory factors are modified through preimmunization chemotherapy, an enhanced host response may be seen; and (5) Cancer Serum Indices (CSI) may be useful in predicting recurrence and in following tumor load and response to therapy. Information obtained from these studies suggest the need for further trials to determine the effect of immunization on patients with earlier stages of disease where recurrence rates remain high, and to evaluate the mechanisms of tumor rejection or tumor progression in the face of immune stimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Once daily dose treatment with a non-steroidal anti-rheumatic drug (diclofenac) in osteoarthrosis.

In a comparative, double-blind, between-patient, multicentre trial of 2 weeks' duration the efficacy and tolerability of diclofenac sodium 100 mg slow-release tablets, given either as a morning or an evening dose, were compared with that of diclofenac 50 mg enteric-coated tablets b.i.d. and placebo in 148 patients suffering from osteoarthrosis. Statistically significant differences in efficacy were shown between the two diclofenac slow-release regimes and placebo. Diclofenac 100 mg slow-release taken as a morning or an evening dose tended to be more effective than 50 mg enteric-coated tablets in a twice daily regime. The tolerability of diclofenac 100 mg slow-release and 50 mg enteric-coated b.i.d. regimes was similar and not statistically significantly different from placebo.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Molecular scanning for mutations in the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) gene in Mexican Americans with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is an endogenous substrate for the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, which plays an important role in insulin signaling. Mutations in the IRS-1 gene are associated in some populations with obesity and Type 2 diabetes. METHODS: To determine whether variation in the IRS-1 gene contributes to genetic susceptibility to insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes in Mexican Americans, the entire coding region of the IRS-1 gene was screened for variation in 31 unrelated subjects with Type 2 diabetes using single-stranded conformational polymorphism analysis (SSCP) and dideoxy sequence analysis. Variants encoding amino acid substitutions were genotyped in 27 unrelated nondiabetic Mexican Americans and in all family members of subjects containing these variants, and association analyses were performed. To trace the ancestral origins of the variants, Iberian Caucasians and Pima Indians were also genotyped. RESULTS: Eight single base changes were found: four silent polymorphisms and four missense mutations (Ala94Thr, Ala512Pro, Ser892Gly and Gly971Arg). Allele frequencies were 0.009, 0.017, 0.017 and 0.043, respectively. There were no significant associations of any of these variants with diabetes, glucose or insulin levels during an oral glucose tolerance test, or with body mass index (BMI) in Mexican American families except for a modest association between the Ala94Thr variant and decreased BMI (30.4 kg/m(2) vs 24.0 kg/m(2); p=0.035). None of these four missense mutations were detected in Pima Indians. In Iberian Caucasians, neither Ala94Thr nor Ser892Gly were detected, and Ala512Pro was detected in only 0/60 diabetic patients and 1/60 nondiabetic controls. Gly971Arg was relatively more common in Iberian Caucasians with 12/58 diabetic patients and 7/60 nondiabetic controls being heterozygous for this variant (p=0.21 for comparison between diabetic and nondiabetic subjects). CONCLUSIONS: Ala94Thr, Ala512Pro and Ser892Gly mutation are rare in the populations studied. Gly971Arg, is more common in Mexican Americans and Caucasians, but is not a major contributor to genetic susceptibility to Type 2 diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of riboflavin (vitamin B2) on spontaneous gonarthrosis in the mouse].

Male mice of the C57 black strain were given 1 mg/kg body weight of riboflavin (vitamin B2) in their drinking water daily for 4 months, in addition to the vitamin B2 contained in their standard pellet feed. Controls received the standard feed only. Histological examination of the joints at the end of the experiment showed that the incidence of gonarthrosis in the group given supplementary riboflavin was less than half that found in the controls; the number of mice with bilateral gonarthrosis was also considerably smaller, and the severity of the lesions less marked. Signs of physiological degeneration in the epiphyseal cartilage of the femoral and tibial condyles were only marginally less pronounced than in the controls. The notable inhibitory effect of riboflavin, which is known to promote regenerative processes, on osteoarthritis was compared with that of drugs stimulating wound healing, e.g. flavonoids, tribenoside, and zinc sulfate. These latter substances were also found to exert a similar inhibitory effect on spontaneous gonarthrosis in the mouse.

Animals↗