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K Toshima

Publications and source records attributed to K Toshima.

63 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

A new sensitive method for assay of histidase in human skin and detection of heterozygotes for histidinemia.

A new sensitive method was developed for assay of histidase in the stratum corneum of human skin with [14C] histidine as substrate. With this method histidase could be detected using less than 1 mg of stratum corneum. Skin histidase was markedly reduced in seven infants with histidinemia. The enzyme activities in thirteen parents of the patients were about 50% of the normal values, and even the highest values in the parents did not overlap the lowest normal values. Thus heterozygotes in the autosomal recessive form of histidinemia can be distinguished from normal persons by their skin histidase activity measured by this sensitive assay method.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Monozygotic twins with presumed metachromatic leukodystrophy. Activity of arylsulfatase A in serum of patients and family.

Arylsulfatase A (ASA) activity in urine and serum was assayed on two 21-month-old monozygotic twins with presumed metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), their parents, and kin. The patients showed a marked reduction in ASA activity in both urine and serum. The twins' parents and 11 kin, a total of 13 persons, were examined for ASA activity in serum, but it was not possible to delineate heterozygous carriers of MLD by the present study. The assay of ASA activity in serum promises to be useful for diagnosis of MLD.

Cerebroside-Sulfatase↗
PubMed1977

Partial purification and characterization of a triacyglycerol lipase from rat liver cytosol.

A triacyglycerol lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) was purifiec about 60-fold from rat liver cytosol by delipidation with acetone and ethyl ether, hydroxyapatitie and Sephadex G-100 column chromatographies and isoelectrofocusing electrophoresis. The partially purified enzyme had a molecular weight of approximately 42 000 and an isolectric point of 7.2. The Km for trioleylglycerol was 0.33 mM and the pH optimum was around 8.0. The activity of the enzyme was not dependent on serum lipoproteins, but was stimulated about 2-fold by several proteins such as serum albumin, lipoproteins, gamma-globulin and ovalbumin. The lipase hydrolyzed trioleyglycerol to oleic acid and glycerol. NaCl had no effect on the enzymatic activity. Some physical and kinetic properties of the partially purified lipid-free lipase were different from those of crude non-delipidated lipase and also from those of a neutral triacylglycerol lipase which was recently purified partially from pig liver cytosol (Ledford, J.H. and Alaupovic, P. (1975) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 398, 132-148).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thyroid carcinoma in Graves' disease.

The pathogenesis of thyroid carcinoma in Graves' goiter is still obscure and the methods for preoperative diagnosis of such carcinomas is not well established. We studied the incidence, clinical features, and pathological findings of thyroid carcinoma in Graves' goiter. From October, 1983 to September, 1985, a total of 739 patients with Graves' disease underwent subtotal thyroidectomy at Ito Hospital, Tokyo. All of these patients underwent roentgenography of the neck before surgery. Thyroid carcinoma was revealed in the resected specimen in 15 (2.0%) of 739 patients. During the same period, another 4 patients underwent surgery for thyroid carcinoma who had had Graves' disease previously and these 4 cases were included in the present study. The incidence of thyroid carcinoma associated with Graves' disease was 2.6% (19 of 743 cases). Histological examination revealed 15 papillary and 4 follicular carcinomas. The size of the carcinoma foci was 13.8 +/- 15.6 mm in diameter (range: 1-60 mm), 10 (52.6%) foci being 10 mm or greater. Invasive growth into the surrounding thyroid tissue was predominant and regional lymph node metastasis was noted in all 6 patients who underwent cervical dissection. Preoperative roentgenography revealed calcification in 5 (26.3%) of 19 cases. Our present study indicates that thyroid carcinoma in Graves' goiter may show markedly invasive growth with lymph node metastasis even though the primary tumor is small in size, and it is suggested that the detection of calcification may serve as a part of the diagnostic measures when the carcinoma focus is difficult to palpate in the diffusely-enlarged Graves' goiter.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of cystic lesions of the thyroid by ethanol instillation.

We analyzed the results of ethanol sclerotherapy in 61 patients with cystic thyroid lesions which recurred after aspiration. Cytologic study showed all of the lesions to be benign. The patients were followed clinically and ultrasonically 1 month and 6 or more months after treatment. If the cystic lesions recurred, repeated treatment was offered. During the follow-up, 36 (59.0%) patients experienced no recurrence after the initial treatment and 5 (8.2%) patients received treatments 2 or more additional times. In 44 (72.1%) of the 61 patients, the cystic lesion almost disappeared or decreased in size, but in 17 (27.9%) patients it did not decrease. Four patients underwent surgery after the ethanol sclerotherapy. Although no severe complications were observed, there were complaints of slight pain in 12 patients, severe pain in 1 patient, and a drunken feeling in 1 patient. We consider instillation of ethanol into recurrent cystic lesions of the thyroid to be a simple, safe, economical, and effective treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Solid cell nests of the thyroid gland: precursor of mucoepidermoid carcinoma?

Solid cell nests (SCN) are found within the thyroid parenchyma on routine clinical pathological examinations, but their histogenesis and clinical significance are still obscure. From November 1987 to May 1991, a total of 3,260 patients underwent thyroid surgery at Ito Hospital and SCN were noted in 42 (1.3%) patients. Serial sections of the specimens from these patients were studied morphologically and immunohistochemically. The location and growth pattern of SCN within the thyroid parenchyma were distinct from those of hyperplastic C-cells. SCN were located in the isthmus lobe in 1 patient and even in the pyramidal lobe in 3 patients. In another patient neoplastic proliferation of SCN was observed. Immunohistochemically, SCN were negative for neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin A, and S-100 protein. These findings strongly suggest that SCN are of endodermal origin and that they may be closely related to mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thyroid gland.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Novel lipase-catalyzed ring-opening copolymerization of lactide and trimethylene carbonate forming poly(ester carbonate)s.

Poly(lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate)s were prepared by the lipase-catalyzed ring-opening copolymerization of lactide and trimethylene carbonate having carbonate content from 0 to 100%. Their thermal properties and enzymatic degradability were measured. The L,L-, D,D- and D,L-lactides were copolymerized with trimethylene carbonate by porcine pancreatic lipase to produce random copolymers having molecular weights of up to 21000. The glass transition temperature (Tg of the copolymer was dependent on the carbonate content and the Tg values linearly decreased from 35 degrees C (polylactide) to -8 degrees C [poly(trimethylene carbonate)]. Among the lipases tested, the porcine pancreatic lipase and proteinase K showed biodegradability towards poly(ester-carbonate)s.

Animals↗