Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Ulewicz.
Comparable analyses of the frequency of isolation at aerobic bacteria from clinical test material resp. from cockroaches (body surface and faecal contents) henced the epidemiological relationships which underline the necessity of complex and effective measures of disinfection on the prophylaxis of nosocomial infections.
Preliminary clinical examinations comprised 16 patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, the mean duration of the disease 9.33 years, of the manifestations at different stages of the development--evaluated on the basis of Kurtzke scale. The patients were subjected exclusively to the treatment with oxygen hyperbary--all in all 25-30 exposures, with the intervals of 24 hours, under the O2 pressure of 2 ata. The qualification for the purposes of treatment and the classification of the symptoms present were carried out according to Fisher, the results obtained were evaluated in conformity with standard version of the Disability Status Scale of Kurtzke. Apart from the routine clinical and laboratory tests the programme of the examinations included also a quantitative determination of immunoglobulins level, complement activity as well as the determination of T and B lymphocytes. An eminent change for the better was found in 14 afflicted persons, in one patient after 15 exposures a worsening was observed and the treatment was arrested. As to the immunological parameters investigated, a general decrease of IgG, IgM, IgA in serum, increase of the complement fraction and its 50% hemolysis determined activity were observed, whereas quantitatively investigated T and B lymphocytes did not show any typical changes. The authors discuss the results.
The total of the persons examined was divided into 3 groups. There were 11 men and 5 women with various diseases diagnosed in Group I, 5 healthy men in Group II and 9 man and 2 women with allergy in Group III, the control group. The subjects were treated with hyperbaric oxygenation exposures from 1.8 to 2.5 ata O2 within a 60-90 minute period. The number of exposures ranged from 1-4 for Group II till 10-15 for Group I and Group III. In all the cases the following examinations were carried out: hematological tests (Hb, Ht, erythrocytes, leucocytes, and blood platelets counts, blood picture), immunological tests (IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE, C3 fraction of complement and hematolytical activity of complement--CH50) and all required additional clinical tests. These examinations were made before the series of hyperbaric exposures, after 4 exposures, after their completion and a month later. Full documentation in Group I was obtained in 6 cases and in the 10 remaining only before the exposures and after their completion. In Group II full documentation was available only in 1 person, but before the exposures and after their completion in the rest, and finally, in Group III full documentation was obtained in 7 persons, but before the exposures and after their completion in 4 others. Generally, it was in allergic states that a positive therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygenation was found. It had already been corroborated by the respective shifts of immunological coefficients, noted by other authors too. The above observations need to be confirmed in a wider material, in different periods of the disease and with other additional examinations employed.
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A careful qualitative and quantitative study revealed a significant decrease in bacterial, and especially staphylococcal, cultures from nasal swabs 24 hr after exposure to oxygen at 2.5 atm for 30', followed by a gradual return to initial values after a further four days. It is felt that this picture was ascribable to the influence of hyperbaric O2 on the microorganisms and their metabolism, and on the body's defence mechanisms.
Qualitative and quantitative bacteriological tests of throat smears were carried out on the following three groups of patients: 1) Patients exposed to several 90-minute sequences of oxygen hyperbaria, at a height of 2.2 ata O2, at intervals of 2 to 3 days. 2) Patients exposed to a single 30-minute dose of oxygen hyperbaria at a height of 2.5 ata O2/the oxygen test. 3) Patients who had never been exposed to oxygen hyperbaria. Several hundred bacterials strains of the Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella and Nocardia genus were isolated from the material collected from the tested patients over intervals of a few days. The collected samples were when subjected to a detailed bacteriological analysis. At the same time bacteriological tests were performed at intervals on the hyperbaric atmosphere of the therapeutic pressure chamber, the walls of the chamber, and the masks used by the patients during the administration of hyperbaric oxygen. A certain degree of qualitative and quantitative changes (number reduction of bacterial strains) was observed. The authors attribute these results to the influence of hyperbaric oxygenation both on the microorganisms, as well as on a given patient's reactivity.
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Throat swabs from 165 iron-masters and 160 control subjects were tested for the presence of group A, C and G haemolytic streptococci and other serological groups. The group-A streptococcus strains were serotyped. The study was extended to the evaluation of the state of health, analysis of the sanitary conditions at the working place as well as the analysis of the social, living and economic conditions. Carriers of group-A haemolytic streptococci were of approximately the same frequency in healthy iron-masters and healthy controls and the proportions of the carriers of streptococci of other serological groups were also comparable. On the other hand, some differences in the proportions of the carriers of groups A, C and G haemolytic streptococci in persons with respiratory tract disorders were found, affected iron-masters comprising twice as many carriers as affected controls. The differences are attributed to the different sanitary-hygienic conditions at the working places.
Campaings to control the German cockroach, Blattela germanica, were conducted at 14-day intervals over a period of 5.5 months on two merchant vessels of similar size and type. On one ship only the chemical "Gertoks", carbamate insecticide containing 1% propoxur was applied, and on the second ship two preparations simultaneously, a chemical and a biological--"Biotrol 25 W" containing Bacillus thuringiensis. - In order to assess the success of the control, the extent of infestation in the accomodation was determined immediately before and 24 h after the spraying. - The susceptibility of the cockroaches caught on the ships, to the two preparations applied, was also determined. It was found that "Gertoks" was an efficient preparation, the biopreparation "Biotrol 25 W" being less efficient. - A certain increase in resistance of the cockroaches to both preparations, was noted. - The above observations indicate that a considerable drop in numbers of population of cockroaches can be achieved if the ship's crew carry out systematic thorough spraying of ships quarters infested by cockroaches, with Gertoks". They also confirm previous suggestions that complex method in B. germanica control on board ships is possible, using chemical and biological preparations containing Bac. thuringiensis spores simultaneously.
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The results of an experimental infection of the cockroaches Blattella germanica (L.) with some trade preparations containing Bac. thuringensis spores are presented. Biological studies supported by bacteriological and histological examinations of the excised intestines of the above insects have shown that the microorganisms studied are pathogenic for the cockroaches. This effect might be eventually applied as a biological method of eradication of the cockroaches in such environments, where chemical preparations can not be used or this disinfestation method would be complementary to the other method of disinfestation.
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