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Biomedical subjects

K V Shepard

Publications and source records attributed to K V Shepard.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

CAMP chemotherapy for metastatic non-oat cell bronchogenic carcinoma. A 7-year experience (1975-1981) with 160 patients.

Between January 1975 and December 1981, 160 patients with metastatic non-oat cell bronchogenic carcinoma (MNOBC) were treated with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, methotrexate, and procarbazine (CAMP), or with a CAMP-like regimen. Forty-two (26%) of these patients demonstrated an objective response to the chemotherapy with a median survival of 61 weeks. Thirty-nine (24%) patients had stable disease (SD) with a median survival of 45 weeks. Seventy-nine patients (49.4%) were nonresponders with a median survival of 15 weeks. There was a significant difference in survival times between the responders and the SD patients, and between the responders and SD patients and the nonresponders. Responses were seen in 11% of the patients with squamous cell carcinoma and in 37% of the patients with adenocarcinoma. There was a significant difference in the response and SD categories in favor of adenocarcinoma over squamous cell carcinoma. Once a response was achieved, the median survival of the patients with adenocarcinoma was not significantly longer than that of the patients with squamous cell carcinoma.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1985

Therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy using a subcutaneous implanted pump.

Sixty-two patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma involving the liver were treated by hepatic intra-arterial chemotherapy using an implantable infusion pump. The 53 patients with metastases confined to the liver had a median survival (MS) of 17 months and an objective response rate of 32%. Four patients (8%) demonstrated a complete response (CR), with normal abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan results and plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, and 13 patients (25%) demonstrated a partial response (PR), with at least a 50% decrease in the liver lesions by CT scan and at least a 50% decrease in CEA levels. Thirty patients (57%) had stable disease (S), and six patients (11%) had no response (NR). Nine patients with extrahepatic tumor plus hepatic metastases had an MS of only 4.9 months. None of these patients had an objective response, and only four patients had S. Quality of response was clearly associated with longevity. Forty patients treated with floxuridine (FUDR) and mitomycin (M) (F + M) showed a 20% objective response rate, while the 13 patients treated with FUDR and dichloromethotrexate (DCMTX) (F + D) attained a 69% objective response rate. Although F + D treatment appears to be superior, there may have been selection biases that make such an observation only preliminary. Twenty-six (49%) of the 53 patients developed hepatitis during infusion chemotherapy, which resolved after temporary cessation of the chemotherapy. Of the 17 patients with CR or PR, 12 patients (71%) had hepatitis, whereas only 14 (39%) of the 36 patients with S or NR had hepatitis. Eleven patients had evidence of peptic ulceration by endoscopic examination during the infusion chemotherapy. All the ulcers healed after chemotherapy was discontinued.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma with cisplatin and 5-FU.

Twenty patients with measurable metastatic colorectal carcinoma were treated every 3 weeks with cisplatin (100 mg/m2 iv) on Day 1 and 5-FU (1000 mg/m2/day by iv infusion over 24 hours) on Days 1-5. Seven patients were previously treated with chemotherapy. The mean performance status for all of the patients was 1.5 (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group). None of the patients had an objective response to the chemotherapy; 11 patients had stable disease and nine had no response. This study demonstrates that the combination of cisplatin and 5-FU, administered at this dose and schedule, has minimal activity in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of dronabinol on nutritional status in HIV infection.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of dronabinol (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol) on appetite and nutritional status in patients with symptomatic HIV infection and weight loss. DESIGN: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial with two five-week treatment periods separated by a two-week washout period. Patients received dronabinol 5 mg twice daily before meals or placebo. SETTING: A university-based HIV/AIDS clinic and a large infectious disease private practice largely devoted to care of patients with HIV. PARTICIPANTS: Twelve HIV-infected patients who had had at least a 2.25-kg weight loss participated in the study. Five patients completed the protocol, and seven withdrew (two because of drug intolerance, two because of disease progression, two because of noncompliance, and one because of experimental antiretroviral therapy). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Main outcome measures included caloric intake, weight, percent body fat, serum prealbumin, and symptom distress. RESULTS: During dronabinol treatment, subjects experienced increased percent body fat (one percent, p = 0.04); decreased symptom distress (p = 0.04); and trends toward weight gain (0.5 kg, p = 0.13), increased prealbumin (29.0 mg/L, p = 0.11), and improved appetite score (p = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS: In a selected group of HIV-infected patients with weight loss, short-term treatment with dronabinol may result in improvement in nutritional status and symptom distress.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alternate delivery methods for morphine sulfate in cancer pain.

New routes of opioid administration that have become available in recent years can be managed by the primary care physician or the oncologist in an attempt to improve pain control and the quality of life. Although oral morphine sulfate is the standard treatment for cancer patients with chronic pain, these novel methods of delivering morphine have enabled some patients whose pain is refractory to traditional methods of drug administration to obtain satisfactory control of their symptoms. The authors review some of these innovative methods.

Administration, Buccal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases.

Twenty-two patients with hepatic colorectal metastases had Infusaid pumps implanted for hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy, or HAIC. Prior to pump placement, 19 of the 22 patients received percutaneous HAIC with 5-fluorouracil and citrovorum factor. Floxuridine, 0.2 mg/kg/d, was administered via the Infusaid pump and was alternated with saline solution every 2 weeks. HAIC responsiveness was defined as a 50% or greater reduction in the sum of all diameters of measured lesions on computerized tomography scans and no evidence of extra-hepatic tumor. Nine patients (41%) had a favorable response to HAIC; four (18%) had a partial response to percutaneous HAIC and five (23%) were considered pump responders. All responders had pretreatment liver replacement of less than 50%. The mean survival after pump placement was 13.6 months for responders and 11.1 months for non-responders. Although there were no operative deaths, the morbidity rate was 36%, and 31% of patients manifested significant chemotherapy toxicity. While toxicity is not insignificant and there is no survival benefit, the Infusaid pump is a reliable drug delivery system for HAIC, and may result in regression of colorectal liver metastases in patients with less than 50% hepatic replacement.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗