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Biomedical subjects

K Výborný

Publications and source records attributed to K Výborný.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Personal experience in treatment of urolithiasis using the MEDILIT M6 extracorporeal lithotriptor].

The authors report on their experience with the destruction of kidney stones with the lithotriptor MEDELIT M6 of Medipo Co. BRNO on the development of which they participated. They checked 878 patients where the instrument was used and where the condition of a half-year interval after the operation had been met. In these patients 119 operations were made 87% of which were successful. No serious complications occurred; after operation they observed in 17% of the patients complications ensuing from a block of the ureter by the passing stones. The extracorporeal lithotriptor MEDELIT M6 is a reliable instrument with a low rate of defects and cheap operation which makes accurate X-ray and sonographic focusing on the stone possible as well as adequate disintegration of the concrement without damaging surrounding tissues. It is comparable with instruments of the same generation manufactured abroad.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

A comparison of various methods for cooling the kidney.

Various methods for achieving preoperative renal hypothermia were tested and evaluated. A kidney immersed in an oil bath solution at 4 degrees C resulted in the highest rate of contact hyperthermia at a determined safe temperature of cooling medium. The acquired basic temperature curve served as a model for the comparison of other methods tested. The results showed that perfusion hypothermia is most rapid but this method is limited by the number and state of the renal arteries and displays all the risks associated with cannulation of arteries. Covering the kidney with crushed ice led to a sufficiently rapid decrease in temperature but lack of regulation carries the danger of renal damage caused by excessive temperature reduction. The disadvantages of these methods were eliminated using a device developed and tested by the authors.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Kidney temperature measurement. Thermistors for temperature measurement.

During a study of the protective effects of cold on kidney cells under conditions of interrupted blood circulation, it was found that attention must be paid to the temperature of kidney tissue in order to prevent cell damage caused by an excessively reduced temperature. The authors correspondingly developed an instrument for the measurement of kidney tissue temperature where thermal sensors located in a needle are able to measure deep temperature in live tissue under conditions of external hypothermia. Thermal sensors were also placed in a hypothermal coil for contact measurement of surface temperature of a cooled kidney and in a duct for supply of cooling medium into a coil. Construction of these devices is described and basic the characteristics of the thermistor and thermocouple sensors for temperature measurement are presented. After evaluation of advantages of the tested sensors, indications regarding their application are given.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1994

A revised instrument for the regulated external cooling of the kidney.

The authors describe the instrument they have developed for the regulated external cooling of the kidney. This consists of a cooling thermostat fitted with a circulating pump, coils of their own construction for the surface cooling of the kidney and equipped with sensors for the measurement of kidney surface temperature, tube connectors, and a sensor for the measurement of the cooling medium temperature. A cooling liquid is supplied by means of a circulating pump from a thermostat through elastic tubes into the flow channels of the cooling coils. The temperature of the coolant is recorded by means of a thermistor sensor built into the system of tubes while the temperature of the kidney surface itself is monitored by a sensor installed in a coil. This permits the regulation of both the rate and depth of temperature reduction in order to prevent possible damage to the kidney caused by excessive temperature reduction. The efficiency and safety of this instrument were verified both experimentally and clinically.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1994

A revised coil for the external cooling of the kidney.

The authors describe a coil they have developed for contact peroperative hypothermia of the kidney. This new type of coil eliminates the disadvantages of existing cooling coils, namely slow thermal transfer from kidney to cooling agent due to imperfect contact between the coil and the concave surface of the kidney, use of an inadequately conductive material and thermal losses from the outer surface of the coil. Special features of the coil described here include its construction to match the contours of the kidney, isolation of external shell to reduce thermal losses and continuous monitoring of renal tissue to reduce the danger of overcooling.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1994

Protection of kidney cell against ischaemic damage by decreased kidney temperature.

At normal body temperature, kidney cells are highly sensitive to hypoxia. However, a bloodless operative field is advantageous in some interventions on the kidney. Kidney cells can be protected against the damage that might occur once blood flow has been interrupted pharmacologically or physically by reducing their temperature. The authors compare several methods for achieving renal hypothermia, including a method based on a device they developed themselves to eliminate defects found in existing equipment. The thermal curve obtained when the kidney is immersed in an oil bath cooled to 5 degrees C served as a model for other methods. Using the revised coil developed by the authors, renal hypothermia was achieved safely and efficiently. A combination of pharmacological and physiological methods is preferrable however in order to potentiate the effect of decreased temperature. This method was tested experimentally and then successfully applied in clinical practice.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1993

Priapism: a urological emergency.

The authors describe their experience obtained in the treatment of 25 patients with priapism. The results are analysed on the basis of recent physiological concepts and immediate surgery is recommended. Priapism is a urological emergency and requires urgent treatment. The method commonly used at their clinic is described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[An uncommon cause of testalgia].

Ten men aged 30-55 years suffered for many years from unilateral testalgia without subjective vertebrogenic complaints, and comprehensive urological examination did not reveal the cause of pain. Detailed functional examination of the spine revealed in all patients homolateral blocks of the Th-L transition, in nine men spasms of the musculus psoas, in five moreover a block of the SI synchondrosis on the same side. After a single or repeated release of the block the testalgias receded.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Fibroepithelial ureteral polyps].

Fibroepithelial polyps of the ureter are rare. They have as a rule a benign character and threaten the patient by obstruction of the efferent urinary pathways. The author presents an account in Olomouc. In the discussion he deals with the problem of diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Hypophysectomy as a possible therapy in prostatic carcinoma].

Hypophysectomy had been introduced in the therapy of advanced stages of prostatic carcinoma at the Clinic of Urology, University Hospital in Olomouc, in collaboration with the Research Institute of Higher Nervous Activity, 10 years ago. The tissue of the hypophysis is disintegrated thermodynamically which was performed in 19 patients. At the time of indication for this intervention, three patients had tumor in the stage T3, others in the stage T4. Metastatic spread to regional lymph nodes and skeleton was encountered in all cases. In 2 patients the grade of tumor activity was G2, in others G3. The intervention was indicated due to patient's permanent pains resistant to pharmacological alleviation. The life-span after intervention was 1 month up to 4 years. Remission was recorded in 70% of patients. Changes in serum levels of some hormones after various types of hormone therapy and hypophysectomy are compared.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Personal experience with the treatment of priapism].

The authors discuss the aetiology and therapy of priapism. They deal in detail with different therapeutic approaches and analyze the results with regard to new pathophysiological findings in a group of 23 patients. They mention possible complications and emphasize the necessity of an urgent approach to the solution of this disease. They decide on treatment after assessment of the type of priapism; as to surgical methods they use puncture fenestration according to Winter, if this does not prove satisfactory then they operate according to Al-Ghorab's method.

Adult↗