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Biomedical subjects

K W McCluney

Publications and source records attributed to K W McCluney.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Subcortical infarction in children.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This report examines the occurrence of subcortical infarction in 5 children, reviews the English literature, and discusses evaluation of this uncommon childhood illness. METHODS: Clinical characteristics and neurological follow-up were examined in children who presented with subcortical infarction within the past 7 years. The English literature over the previous 20 years was reviewed to identify similar patients with radiological documentation of subcortical infarction. RESULTS: Mean age of the patients in this series was 4.8 years (range, 4 months to 12 years); 3 children were female. Three patients presented with the sudden onset of hemiparesis, 1 with dystonia, and 1 with fever and focal seizures. Protein C deficiencies were demonstrated in 2 children; a cardiomyopathy was seen in 1 patient. Mean follow-up was 1.5 years. Two patients were neurologically normal, mild residual symptoms persisted in 2, and 1 patient showed severe dystonia. The literature analysis indicated that specific risk factors were described in 79 patients; complete clinical analysis was available for 51 patients. In the latter group, the mean age was 5.7 years; 26 children were female. Forty-six presented with hemiplegia, 4 with dystonia, and 1 with focal seizures. Follow-up greater than 5 months in 29 patients showed complete or good resolution of deficits in 23. Specific risk factors such as infection, trauma, hematologic disorders, or cardiac or vascular abnormalities were identified in 62 of 79 children. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis indicates that children with subcortical infarction usually presented with acute hemiparesis. Risk factors were identified in the majority of children, and follow-up demonstrated good or complete resolution of neurological deficits in 80% of the patients.

Cerebral Arteries↗
PubMed1993

Angiographic demonstration of a spinal epidural arteriovenous malformation. Case report.

A 16-year-old boy presented with acute midline thoracic pain followed by rapidly progressive paraplegia. The initial neurological examination demonstrated a complete sensory and motor paraplegia, which significantly improved spontaneously over the following 2 days. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a posterior epidural hematoma extending from the T-4 to T-6 vertebrae, and spinal angiography demonstrated an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) with a nidus of abnormal epidural vessels at the level of the T-5 vertebra, which was confirmed surgically. This case represents one of the first reports of a spinal epidural AVM confirmed by angiography.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The magnetic resonance hypointense spine of AIDS.

The T1-weighted magnetic resonance examinations in 11 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients showed substantial reduction in signal intensity of vertebral bodies. Review of bone marrow aspirates and biopsies that were available in eight patients suggested that the abnormality resulted from markedly increased amounts of storage iron within the bone marrow, probably secondary to the anemia of chronic disease.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subdural hygroma versus atrophy on MR brain scans: "the cortical vein sign".

PURPOSE: To determine if the position of the superficial cerebral cortical veins can be used to distinguish subdural hygroma from atrophy on MR brain scans. METHODS: Retrospective review of MR scans obtained in cases of extracerebral fluid collections, separating these into two groups, ie, subdural hygroma or atrophy. FINDINGS: All cases of atrophy in this study showed cortical veins and their branches traversing widened cerebrospinal fluid spaces over the cerebral convexities. None of the subdural hygroma patients showed this finding. Cortical veins in hygroma patients were seen only at the margin of the displaced cortex, and did not traverse the fluid collections over the cerebral convexities. CONCLUSIONS: The authors call the visualization of cortical veins and their branches within fluid collections at the cerebral convexities "the cortical vein sign." They believe this sign to be prima facie evidence of atrophy; its presence rules out the diagnosis of subdural hygroma in the region of interest.

Atrophy↗