Microvascular decompression by the retrosigmoid approach for idiopathic hemifacial spasm: experience with 300 cases.
Three hundred patients with idiopathic hemifacial spasm who underwent microvascular decompression through the retrosigmoid approach are reported. Vascular compression was found in every patient on operation. The results of 1 to 6 years of follow-up show that 276 patients are free of the symptom, 4 patients have markedly diminished spasms and a decreased episode rate, 10 patients have no significant relief from the operation, and 9 have had recurrences of the symptom since the operation. The cure rate in this group is 92%. Complications were sensorineural hearing loss in 13 patients (7 temporary cases, 6 permanent), tinnitus in 7 (4 temporary cases, 3 permanent), temporary postoperative facial weakness in 16, and postoperative meningitis in 10 (9 cases were controlled with antibiotics and 1 patient died).