The obligate psychrophilic yeasts Torulopsis psychrophila, T. austromarina, Leucosporidium frigidum, L. gelidum, and L. nivalis were obligate aerobes and were unable to grow anaerobically. In contrast, the obligate thermophilic yeasts T. bovina, T. pintolopesii, Candida slooffii, and Saccharomyces telluris were facultative anaerobes.

Aerobiosis↗

PubMed1977

Cell surface topography of Candida and Leucosporidium yeasts as revealed by scanning electron microscopy.

The cell surface topography of the following yeast strains was examined by scanning electron microscopy: Candida slooffii, C. lipolytica, Leucosporidium frigidum, and L. nivalis. Multipolar and lateral budding were observed in the Candida yeasts in contrast to bipolar budding in the Leucosporidium species. The cell surface topography and the morphology of the bud and birth scars in these yeasts differed markedly. Apart from the bud and birth scars, the cells of C. slooffii showed a relatively smooth topography. The bud scars were seen as a circular ridge of wall material surrounding a markedly convex scar plug. Birth scars were raised, rounded structures, which appeared to distend upon cell growth. In contrast, bud scars of C. lipolytica were platelike, lacked a distinct annulus of wall material, and were much less protuberent than those of C. slooffii. Birth scars were a more permanent feature of these cells. The topography of Leucosporidium yeasts was characterized by the presence of numerous protrusions on the cell surface. In some cases, the entire cell surface was covered by these protrusions. There appeared to be some correlations between the age of the cell and the extent of surface protrusions and degree of surface convolution...

Candida↗

PubMed1977

Fortification of hamburger with calcium, vitamin A, and ascorbic acid.

Patties were prepared from ground beef--some with and some without calcium, vitamin A, or ascorbic acid, either singly or in various combinations. After cooking, the patties were mixed with buns and mayonnaise, ground, and then fed to weanling rats. No single added nutrient or combination of added nutrients seemed to affect flavor, texture, or cooking losses of fat or water. Fortification with calcium and ascorbic acid increased liver storage of vitamin A and decreased liver:body weight ratios.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

Mitochondrial enzymes of tropical fish: a comparison with fish from cold-waters.

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Adaptation, Physiological↗