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Biomedical subjects

K Y Mumcuoglu

Publications and source records attributed to K Y Mumcuoglu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Localization of immunogenic antigens on midgut of the human body louse Pediculus humanus humanus (Anoplura: Pediculidae).

Immunogenic midgut antigens of the human body louse, Pediculus humanus humanus L., were localized using rabbit antisera against a louse-midgut extract followed by a 2nd antibody conjugated to either fluorescein or colloidal gold. Strong fluorescence was observed on the outer membrane of the epithelial cell of the midgut. The immunogold technique revealed that most of the antigens were localized on the microvilli of the midgut cells. Small numbers of gold particles were also seen in the gut lumen and within the cell cytoplasm. Only a few gold particles were seen in the lumen of the gut sections incubated with control sera.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Prevalence of spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks from southern Israel.

The prevalence of spotted fever group rickettsiae was studied in questing ticks collected from southern Israel. Ticks were examined from an agricultural settlement (kibbutz Ze'elim), an endemic site for Mediterranean spotted fever, and from another kibbutz (Re'im) in an adjacent area where the disease has not been reported. Ticks were collected by flagging and CO2 traps from vegetation inside and outside the settlements during 1989/1990 and 1994. In Ze'elim, 98% of the ticks collected were brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille), whereas in Re'im the predominant species was Rhipicephalus turanicus Pomerantzev (84.6%), with 11.8% of the ticks R. sanguineus and 3.6% Hyalomma excavatum Koch. The presence of rickettsiae in the hemolymph of the ticks was demonstrated by immunofluorescence using polyclonal antibodies made against the human pathogenic Moroccan strain of Rickettsia conorii. Of 549 ticks examined in 1989/1990 from Ze'elim, 7.3% were positive for spotted group rickettsiae, and in Re'im 2.2% of 156 R. turanicus were positive. In 1994, 51 out of 186 (27.4%) ticks in Ze'elim and 3 out of 115 (2.6%) ticks in Re'im were positive. All 20 specimens of H. excavatum were negative for spotted fever group rickettsiae. To our knowledge, this is the 1st report of spotted fever group rickettsiae in R. turanicus from Israel.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Characterization of body louse midgut proteins recognized by resistant hosts.

The human body louse, Pediculus humanus, showed eighteen midgut proteins ranging between 12 and 117 kDa, when analysed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Seven of them (12 kDa, 17 kDa, 29 kDa, 35 kDa, 40 kDa, 55 kDa and 97 kDa) were major bands based on their intensity of staining. The immunization of rabbits with a midgut extract elicited the production of protective polyclonal antibodies. These antibodies reacted strongly with all major midgut proteins as well as with 63 kDa and 117 kDa proteins when tested by the Western blot technique. The analysis of the proteins revealed that the 12 kDa, 25 kDa, 29 kDa, 35 kDa, 45 kDa, 87 kDa and 97 kDa proteins are glycosylated and none of them contained a lipid moiety. By electroelution, the proteins of 35 kDa and 63 kDa were purified. On trypsinization, the proteins of 35 kDa and 63 kDa produced four major fragments (F1, F2, F3, and F4) when resolved on a 18% SDS-PAGE. The F1 fragment of the 35 kDa protein reacted with the polyclonal antibodies by the immunoblot technique.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Permethrin resistance in the head louse Pediculus capitis from Israel.

Head lice, Pediculus capitis, were collected from children aged 3-12 years in Maale Adumin, a town near Jerusalem, after reports of control failure with the pyrethroid insecticide permethrin. A total of 1516 children were examined: living lice and eggs were found on 12.1% of the children; or another 22.8% of the children only nits were found. Twice as many girls as boys (8.1% v 4%) were infested with lice and or nits. Head lice collected from infested children were exposed to permethrin impregnated filter-papers. Log time probit mortality (ltp) regression lines were calculated for mortality data and compared to ltp lines for a similar collection of head lice made in 1989. The regression lines for the two years were significantly different, with a 4-fold decrease in susceptibility at the LT50 level between 1989 and 1994. The slopes of the lines also suggested that the 1994 population was more heterogenous in its response to permethrin than the 1989 population. In contrast, a laboratory population of body lice (Pediculus humanus) tested with the same batch of permethrin-impregnated papers showed a slight but non-significant increase in susceptibility between 1989 and 1994. The results suggest that resistance to pyrethroids has developed rapidly among head lice since permethrin was introduced in 1991 as a pediculicide in Israel.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Immunization of rabbits with a midgut extract of the human body louse Pediculus humanus humanus: the effect of induced resistance on the louse population.

Resistance to human body lice, Pediculus humanus humanus L, induced by feeding on rabbits immunized with an extract of louse gut was studied. The mortality of lice fed on immunized rabbits was 73%, significantly higher than that of lice fed on control rabbits (52%) (P < 0.01). The proportion of dead nymphs and female lice with ruptured guts was significantly higher in lice fed on immunized rabbits (P < 0.01). The size of the bloodmeal was 35% greater in female lice fed on control rabbits than on immunized rabbits. Lice fed on immunized rabbits laid 40% less eggs than those fed on the controls, they also demonstrated a significant decrease in the number of eggs per female over time (P < 0.01). 86% of the eggs laid by lice fed on immunized animals hatched, compared with 92% hatching of eggs laid by the lice fed on control animals (P < 0.01). With the exception of the first bloodmeal the percentage of hatched eggs which were laid between any two bloodmeals was significantly smaller (P < 0.01) in the lice fed on immunized rabbits than in the control group. The first nymphal stage of lice fed on immunized rabbits took an average of 5.2 days to moult to the second stage, compared with 4 days for those fed on control rabbits.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1994

Generalized infestation of a 3 1/2-year-old girl with the pubic louse.

A 3 1/2-year-old girl had a Pthirus pubis infestation of the scalp, neck, eyelashes, back, and pubic area. The child's body, including the scalp, was treated with a 1% permethrin cream rinse formulation for 10 minutes. The treatment was repeated after 10 days. The eyelashes were treated by application of the permethrin solution with a cotton-tip swab.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1994

Asthma in Gaza refugee camp children and its relationship with house dust mites.

Three hundred asthmatic children aged 3 to 15 years, and 100 age-sex-neighborhood matched controls, were studied for environmental risk factors for asthma during 1986 to 1987. In 98% of the asthmatic patients, exposure to house dust aggravated the symptoms. In 97% of the cases, the symptoms were more severe at home; in more than 50%, the symptoms persisted throughout the year. Significantly more cigarettes were smoked in the homes of the allergic children than in the control homes. House dust samples from homes of 20 asthmatic and 20 nonasthmatic children were examined for the presence of house dust mites. Twelve species of mites were identified, of which Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, the most prevalent (97%), was found in all samples examined. The average number of mites per gram dust was 447 in homes of children with asthma, and 399 in homes of controls. Although dust and mites seem to be the most important factors causing allergies in Gaza and most of the children are exposed to large numbers of mites in their homes, it appears that those who are genetically predisposed and who are exposed to environmental tobacco smoke are at greater risk for allergic symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Rhipicephalus sanguineus: observations on the parasitic stage on dogs in the Negev Desert of Israel.

Sixteen dogs were studied for infestation with R. sanguineus in Kibbutz Ze'elim in the northwestern part of the Negev Desert over a period of one year. The mean number of ticks per dog per month was 16.4. The majority of the ticks were adults: males (48.6%) and females (34.4%). The ears and abdomen of the dog were the predilection sites for the ticks. Male ticks were more abundant on the ears, whereas female ticks were more abundant on the ears and the abdomen. A strong correlation between tick numbers and the ambient temperatures was found. The mean percentage of dogs infested in the winter months was 16.6% and increased in the summer months to 34.4%. During winter, ticks were found more often on the ears and head of their hosts whereas in summer they were distributed mainly on the ears, head and abdomen. The male:female ratio was higher in winter (2.3:1) than in summer (1.1:1).

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Mite asthma in childhood: a study of the relationship between exposure to house dust mites and disease activity.

BACKGROUND: Children with asthma are commonly sensitized to the house dust mite. METHODS: We took monthly measurements from July to December of the amount of mites in the mattresses of asthmatic children and correlated them with symptom score, pulmonary function, and airway hyperreactivity to methacholine. RESULTS: In spite of the high number of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus throughout this period, symptom and treatment scores, as well as PC20 to methacholine, worsened during the months of September and October. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that when asthmatic children allergic to mites are exposed to high levels of mite allergen, the number of mites in the mattress dust no longer correlate with increased symptoms, and that other factors are more likely to be associated with exacerbation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Ecological studies on the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) in southern Israel and its relationship to spotted fever group rickettsiae.

An outbreak of spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) was investigated by studying free-living and parasitic stages of ticks in two settlements of equal size and population located 20 km apart in the Negev Desert. Although high morbidity from SFGR was found in one of the settlements (Kibbutz Ze'elim), no clinical cases were observed in the second (Kibbutz Re'im). Using flagging and CO2-trapping, approximately 9 times more ticks were collected in Ze'elim than in Re'im. Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) was the dominant species in Ze'elim, whereas in Re'im R. turanicus Pomerantzev was the most abundant species. Several physical factors that may account for these differences were investigated. Significantly higher maximum soil temperature as well as ambient temperature above the soil were found in Ze'elim. Differences in soil composition in the two sites were also observed. Tick numbers were especially high during April through October in Ze'elim, whereas in Re'im, ticks were found mainly from April to July. A significant positive correlation was found between temperature and tick population size in Ze'elim. Dogs, sheep, goats, Mus musculus, and Meriones crassus, were more heavily infested with ticks in Ze'elim than in Re'im. The percentage of mice and dogs seropositive to SFGR was the same in both sites. In Ze'elim, 7.1% of dog owners acquired Mediterranean spotted fever during the period 1984-1989 compared with only 1.4% of people without dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Clinical observations related to head lice infestation.

Living lice and eggs were found in 19% of 2643 children examined in Israel. Boys and girls were equally infested. Bite reactions, pruritus, excoriations, lymphadenopathy, and conjunctivitis were the most common signs and symptoms. Bite reactions, pruritus, excoriations, and conjunctivitis were found more frequently in infested children than in noninfested children. Lymphadenopathy, eczema, influenza, herpes, crusts behind ears, blepharitis, seborrhea, psoriasis, erythema, vitiligo, secondary infections, and scars were equally common in both groups. The sequence of the skin reactions of a volunteer to continuous exposure to lice bites was as follow: phase I, no clinical symptoms; phase II, papules accompanied by pruritus of medium intensity; phase III, wheal formation immediately after the bite, followed by a delayed papular reaction and intense itching; phase IV, papular reaction with diminished reactivity of the skin and mild pruritus. Healed bite reactions reappeared when other parts of the skin were again exposed to the lice.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Head lice in drawings of kindergarten children.

Drawings by kindergarten children were analyzed in order to study the emotional reaction of these children to head lice. The choice of color was significant (black was used by 43% of the children, indicating that the subject of lice is associated with anxiety and fear) as were the unhappy faces and omissions of mouths in the drawings. While we know today that lice do not discriminate between clean and dirty hair, parents and professionals react very negatively to the condition, and this feeling is transferred to children as indicated by their drawings.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The efficacy of pediculicides in Israel.

Fourteen pediculicides currently available in Israel were evaluated for their killing effect on the eggs, nymphs and adults from a laboratory-grown colony of body lice (Pediculus humanus humanus). The efficacy of all pediculicides was determined after a single treatment. The exposure time of the lice to the preparations was according to the manufacturers' instructions. The shampoo formulations Hafif (Abic, Israel), Pyracide (Fischer, Israel), A-200 Pyrinate (Norcliff Thayer, USA) and T-Pal (Fischer, Israel) killed 27-78% of the lice and 7-26% of the eggs. Prioderm (Rafa, Israel) shampoo 100% mortality of lice and 13% mortality of eggs. The gel formulation (A-200 Pyrinate) resulted in 100% mortality of lice and 42% mortality of eggs. The liquid formulation (Pyrinyl, Barre, USA) gave poor results with only 65% killing of lice and 26% of the eggs. The spray formulations (Kin-X and Kin-Soff, Milchan, France; and Ricide, Fischer) killed all the lice and 77-95% of the eggs. Lotion and solution formulations (Hafif; Monocide, Fischer; and Nouryl, Chefaro, Holland) caused 100% mortality of lice and 36-85% mortality of eggs. Mortality with control solutions varied between 4 and 16% for both lice and eggs.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1990

A technique for quantitative evaluation of ectoparasitic mites and insects of domestic animals.

A modified KOH dissolution technique using Tween 80 has been developed for the diagnosis and quantitative evaluation of ectoparasitic mites and insects of veterinary importance. Fifty intact skin segments from ten different domestic animals were artificially inoculated in vitro with ten specimens each of the mites Sarcoptes scabiei, Chorioptes bovis, Psoroptes ovis and Demodex caprae and insects Haematopinus eurysternus and Bovicola bovis. Sixty-seven to 88% of the mites and 80-99% of the insects were recovered by this technique. Using this method, parasitic mites and insects were found and identified in all skin scrapings from ten naturally infested animals. Using Cook's dissolution technique in our experimental design, 63.4% of C. bovis and 65% of S. scabiei mites were recovered.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Systemic activity of ivermectin on the human body louse (Anoplura: Pediculidae).

Eighty-one to 100% of nymphs and females of the human body louse (Pediculus humanus humanus) that fed artificially on blood containing 2.5-10 ng ivermectin/ml died. The mortality of nymphs and female lice fed on rabbits treated with 200 micrograms/kg ivermectin was very high during the first two to three days, then declined sharply, reaching the level of the controls on day six. Nymphs were more sensitive than females. The average number of eggs laid by surviving females and the percentage that hatched from those eggs were lower than in controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Epidemiological studies on head lice infestation in Israel. I. Parasitological examination of children.

Of 3,079 children in a medium-sized community near Jerusalem, 11.2% were found to be infested with living lice and eggs and another 23.4% had only nits. Boys and girls were equally infested. The incidence of infestation was highest among children 4-11 years of age. About 78% of the infested children had from one to ten lice. Approximately 80% of the infested children had nits that were 2-5 cm away from the scalp. Boys with medium length hair and girls with short hair showed the highest incidence of lice infestation. Children with brown and red hair were more infested than those with black and blond hair. Boys and girls with straight and wavy hair were more infested than those with curly and frizzy hair.

Adolescent↗