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Biomedical subjects

K Yokoi

Publications and source records attributed to K Yokoi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Isolated incisional recurrence after curative resection for primary lung cancer.

We present a long-term survivor with isolated recurrent tumor in the incisional scar that developed 9 months after a curative resection for primary lung adenocarcinoma. She underwent an excision of the tumor followed by systemic chemotherapy, and is currently alive with no evidence of disease 69 months after the recurrence. Isolated incisional recurrence after complete resection of lung cancer is a rare phenomenon and may be curable using multimodal treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Brain metastasis in resected lung cancer: value of intensive follow-up with computed tomography.

BACKGROUND: Brain metastases are a common mode of recurrence in resected lung cancer and are usually associated with an ominous outcome. METHODS: To assess the usefulness of follow-up using computed tomography of the brain for early detection and effective treatment of brain metastases, we prospectively studied 128 patients with completely resected non-small cell lung cancer. Follow-up computed tomographic scans were obtained every 2 to 6 months over 24 postoperative months in 69 patients and every 2 months for 6 postoperative months in 59. RESULTS: Brain metastases were discovered in 11 patients (8.6%), and 7 patients were neurologically asymptomatic when the metastases were diagnosed. Single metastasis was found in 5 patients and multiple metastases in 6. The maximal size of all but one lesion was less than 25 mm. The median survival time and 5-year survival rate in all 11 patients with brain metastases were 10 months and 24%, respectively. Furthermore, those in 7 asymptomatic patients were 25 months and 38%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We consider intensive follow-up with computed tomography to be worthwhile for early detection and effective treatment of brain metastases in patients with completely resected lung cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Facial injury by mercury from a broken thermometer.

The case of a 2-year-old girl with a facial soft-tissue injury from an accident with a mercury thermometer is presented. All tissues containing droplets of metallic mercury should be removed immediately and careful examination for signs of mercury poisoning should be conducted over the long term.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1996

Takayasu's arteritis associated with antiphospholipid antibodies. Report of two cases.

The authors describe 2 patients with Takayasu's arteritis in whom lupus anticoagulant was positive and the titer of anticardiolipin antibody was elevated. One patient developed diffusely stenotic and occlusive changes in the multiple larger arteries. Histology of the small-sized arteries in another patient showed occlusive vasculitis without thrombosis, in addition to the findings in large-sized arteries compatible with Takayasu's disease. These findings are uncommon in Takayasu's arteritis. These findings suggest that antiphospholipid antibodies may have contributed to the pathogenesis of the extensive vasculopathy and may have triggered vasculitis in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Double-primary cancer of the lung and trachea].

A 70-year-old woman with no history of smoking was admitted to the hospital because of a persistent cough and pneumonia in the right lower lobe. Examination with a fiberoptic bronchoscope revealed an intratracheal polypoid tumor and a polypoid tumor almost completely obstructing the right bronchus B(8). Biopsies were done, and histological diagnosis of both tumors was squamous cell carcinoma. A sleeve resection of the trachea with end-to-end anastomosis and right lower lobectomy were done. Examination of specimens resected from both tumors revealed moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Synchronous double-primary cancer (both squamous cell carcinoma) of the lung and trachea in a non-smoker is very rare.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Presence of human T-lymphotropic virus type II-related genes in DNA of peripheral leukocytes from patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases.

No etiologic role of human T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) in any disease is yet known. The present study showed a high incidence of HTLV-II proviral DNA fragments in DNA of peripheral blood leukocytes from patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases. Using primers for the pol and tax regions of HTLV-II proviral DNA, amplified DNA fragments were demonstrated in 51.5% of the patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and in 11.8% of those with Graves' disease examined, but in only 1.9% of the disease controls and 1.0% of healthy individuals. These amplified DNA fragments hybridized with each of the inner probes. The nucleotide sequences of the DNA fragments of the pol and tax regions showed high homology with those of the prototype of HTLV-II. No antibodies for HTLV-II could, however, be detected in the patients examined. Because of the absence of its antibody, HTLV-II infection was not confirmed in these patients, but the presence of HTLV-II proviral DNA or its related DNA at high frequency suggests a relationship of HTLV-II with the development of autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with autosomal dominant inheritance: a clinical and genetic entity of mitochondrial diseases.

We report a Japanese family with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) with autosomal dominant inheritance, and review 54 reported CPEO patients in seven families (including the present family) with autosomal dominant inheritance and mtDNA deletions in the skeletal muscle. Mean age at onset in the CPEO was 26 years, which is older than that in published solitary cases. In addition to blepharoptosis and external opthalmoplegia, proximal muscle atrophy and weakness were found in 62%, hearing loss in 25%, and ataxia in 17% of the patients. Retinal degeneration was not found, and cardiac involvement was very rare. mtDNA deletions in the muscle were multiple and large scale, and all such deletions were located in the non-D-loop region. Autosomal dominant CPEO has unique clinical features which differ from those of solitary CPEO, and is associated with multiple large-scale mtDNA deletions. Thus, autosomal dominant CPEO can be considered a clinical and genetic entity of mitochondrial diseases.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Graves' disease in HTLV-I carriers.

Three carriers of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) with Graves' disease are reported. All three cases were complicated with uveitis, and one also showed chronic arthropathy. Anti-HLTV-I antibody was found in the serum by the particle agglutination method and western blotting, and HTLV-I proviral DNA was detected in peripheral lymphocytes by the polymerase chain reaction and Southern blotting. HTLV-I is a causal agent of adult T-cell leukemia and HTLV-I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis, and is believed to be related to the pathogenesis of diseases such as chronic arthropathy, uveitis, chronic bronchoalveolitis, and Sjögren's syndrome. On the other hand, retrovirus infection is considered to cause autoimmune diseases. Thus, the pathogenesis of Graves' disease in the present patients might be associated with HTLV-I infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Iron, zinc, and copper levels in different tissues of clinically vitamin A-deficient rats.

To clarify the effect of vitamin A deficiency on iron, zinc, and copper status in different tissues, three groups of rats were fed two types of synthetic diets for 52 d. Group one, which was fed a vitamin A-deficient diet, showed severe signs of vitamin A deficiency. Groups two (fed restricted amount, pair-fed with group one), and three (fed diet ad libitum) were fed a control diet. After said period of feeding, iron, zinc, and copper were measured in different tissues. Significant changes observed when the groups were compared are summarized below: 1. Iron and copper in testes were increased significantly, whereas zinc was strikingly decreased in group one when compared with the other groups; 2. Copper (in lung and kidney) and iron (in the spleen) were increased significantly in group one compared with the other groups; 3. In the liver, iron, zinc, and copper were significantly different between group one and group two; 4. In muscle, iron was significantly higher in group one than group two; 5. In tibia and blood, iron levels (but not zinc and copper) in groups one and two were significantly higher than group three. These results suggest that vitamin A deficiency affects iron, zinc, and copper status in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Water content in experimental dentine primers to minimize the contraction gap width of a light-cured resin composite.

OBJECTIVES: The effect of water content in experimental dentine primers consisting of an aqueous solution of either glyceryl methacrylate (GM) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and in experimental self-etching dentine primers composed of methacryloxyethyl hydrogen phenyl phosphate (Phenyl-P), was evaluated by measuring the wall-to-wall polymerization contraction gap width of a commercial light-activated resin composite filled in a cylindrical dentine cavity prepared in an extracted human molar. METHODS: A commercial light-cured dentine bonding agent was applied to the cavity after cleaning with EDTA and priming with either GM or HEMA, or after self-etching priming by Phenyl-P diluted in either GM or HEMA solution. RESULTS: In the GM and HEMA solutions, the gap width was minimized when the water content was 65 wt% even though gap formation could not be prevented by HEMA solution. With the self-etching dentine primers, gaps could not be observed under the light microscope with 16 wt% Phenyl-P diluted in 35 wt% GM or HEMA or with 20 wt% Phenyl-P diluted in 20 wt% GM or HEMA. CONCLUSION: The water content in both the experimental dentine primers and the self-etching dentine primers which yielded the minimum contraction gap width for the resin composite in the dentine cavity was approximately 60 wt%.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1995

Endovascular papillary angioendothelioma-like tumour associated with lymphoedema.

A case of endovascular papillary angioendothelioma-like tumour associated with lymphoedema is described. Microscopically, the tumour was composed of anastomosing vascular channels, some of which contained papillary projections, producing tuft-like or glomeruloid appearances. The dermis also showed moderate lymphoedema and lymphocytic infiltrate. The tumour resembled endovascular papillary angioendothelioma but also had several features that differed from typical examples: occurrence in an old patient and less prominent endothelial hobnail features and lymphocytic infiltrate. Three types of proliferating cells were observed: 1 mature flattened endothelial cells, which were strongly positive for endothelial markers (factor VIII-related antigen, CD31, CD34) and bound ulex europaeus agglutinin 1;2 immature endothelial cells with round nuclei and vacuolated or pale cytoplasm, which were strongly positive for CD31 and muscle-specific actin (HHF35) and focally positive for other endothelial markers; and 3 stromal spindle cells in papillary or glomeruloid areas, which were positive for vimentin, HHF35, and alpha-smooth muscle actin but negative for desmin. The tumour was diploid by flow cytometry. The patient was well without disease twelve months after the excision. We postulate that this tumour was caused by circulatory disturbance, namely lymphoedema associated with syringomyelia and a Charcot's joint.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Increased serum IgE level and interleukin-4 release from cultured lymphocytes from a patient with adult onset Still's disease.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between high serum levels of IgE and the release of interleukin-4 (IL-4) from cultured lymphocytes of a patient with adult onset Still's disease. METHODS: IL-4 concentrations in plasma and culture from inactivated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were assessed by enzyme immunoassay during febrile episodes and remission. RESULTS: A high level of IL-4 was detected by enzyme immunoassay in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultured from the patient. These seemed to correspond with a febrile episode and a high serum IgE concentration. CONCLUSION: Increased serum IgE concentrations during a febrile episode are rare in patients with adult onset Still's disease, but the relationship between the high levels of serum IgE and IL-4 in cultured lymphocytes may provide clues to pathogenesis of the condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Cholesterol emboli following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty as speculated by toe skin biopsy.

A 55-year-old man required hemodialysis for acute renal failure 3 days after repeat percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Bilateral acrocyanosis and necrotic lesions of the toes occurred 10 days after PTCA. Skin biopsy samples revealed needle-shaped cholesterol crystals of the intraluminal clefts in his small arteries. He was diagnosed with cholesterol emboli presenting as blue toe syndrome. The conditions improved with anticoagulation and vasodilation, but improvement in renal function was temporary. He later required maintenance hemodialysis. Cholesterol emboli following PTCA are life threatening because they are difficult to diagnose and can cause severe complications.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical evaluation of the small solitary pulmonary nodule].

The diagnostic process for small solitary pulmonary nodules was retrospectively analyzed. Three hundred and forty-three patients, each with a solitary pulmonary lesion of less than 3 cm on chest radiography, were evaluated. The patients were seen at our hospital between September 1986 and December 1993. They consisted of 138 with malignant diseases (114 with lung cancer and 24 with metastatic tumors), and 205 with benign diseases. There were 146 patients (71%) with benign lesions of less than 2 cm. The diagnosis in 118 patients (86%) with malignant disease was made by lung biopsy. Of these 118 patients, 19 underwent biopsy of the lung through a thoracoscope or open lung biopsy via a thoracotomy. Benign diseases were diagnosed in 167 patients (81%) by various laboratory tests and imaging techniques, including chest radiography. Thinsection CT was done in 132 patients. In 72 of these 132 patients (16 with lung cancer, 23 with metastatic tumors, and 33 with benign tumors), a judgement regarding whether the lesion was malignant or not could not be made. Therefore, open lung biopsy was done in 5 patients. Twenty-four patients were only observed, 43 underwent biopsy, and 35 underwent surgery. A decision tree needs to be established to select therapeutic options for management of patients whose diagnoses remain indeterminate even after thin-section CT. Formulation of a decision tree based not only on clinical findings but also on the results of diagnostic imaging is necessary to improve clinical decision making regarding small solitary pulmonary nodules.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Serum inhibin levels in normal men and men with idiopathic infertility.

In vitro studies have shown that the Sertoli cell is the primary source of inhibin in the male. To assess the regulation of inhibin production we measured serum inhibin, FSH, LH and testosterone in 21 normal men and 104 men with various testicular disorders resulting in infertility. The infertile men were subdivided into groups on the basis of their mean sperm count, FSH and LH levels. The mean serum concentrations of inhibin in the normal men were 602 +/- 29 U/L and were significantly decreased in those groups with severe oligozoospermia (p < 0.01) or azoospermia (p < 0.01; p < 0.001). The FSH concentrations correlated inversely with serum inhibin concentrations (p < 0.001) in azoospermic men. Azoospermic men with high FSH had significantly lower inhibin and testosterone levels when compared with normal men (p < 0.01; p < 0.001). Serum FSH concentrations were significantly increased in azoospermic men (p < 0.001). Our present results of serum concentrations of inhibin correlating inversely with those of FSH levels suggest that measurement of inhibin may be a useful circulating marker of Sertoli cell function.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The effect of varicocelectomy on testicular volume in infertile patients with varicoceles.

The presence of a varicocele has been associated with decrease in testicular volume both in adult and pediatric patients. However, a study on the effect of varicocelectomy on testicular volume in the adult varicocele patient has never been reported. We determined the testicular volume before and after varicocelectomy in 52 patients with varicocele. A significant increase in testicular volume with the right side showing a greater increase was observed (p < 0.05). No greater increase in testicular volume was noted among the patients who achieved a pregnancy with their spouses. In addition, the age of the patient did not correlate with the observed change in testicular volume. These results suggest that varicocele is clearly related to decreased testicular volume and that varicocelectomy can increase bilateral testis volume resulting in improved testicular function.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Successful in vitro fertilization and pregnancy by the micromanipulation with sperm from efferent duct retrieved by micropuncture technique in a patient with congenital absence of the vas deferens.

A case of successful in vitro microfertilization and pregnancy of 30-year-old woman with sperm from efferent duct retrieved by a micropuncture technique combined with perivascular nerve stimulation from a patient with congenital absence of the vas deferens is reported. Treatment of couples involving men with surgically unreconstructible vasal obstruction is now possible. Our experience indicates that sperm from the efferent duct retrieved by this new technique, when combined with assisted reproductive technologies, permit fertilization and subsequent pregnancy for the men with surgically irreparable vasal obstruction.

Adult↗