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Biomedical subjects

K Zucker

Publications and source records attributed to K Zucker.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Nonoperative management of splenic trauma. Conservative or radical treatment?

In a four-year experience with selective nonoperative management of splenic trauma in adults and children, 24 (35%) of 68 patients with documented splenic trauma were initially treated nonoperatively. In only one patient was an operation and laparotomy ultimately required. There was no morbidity or mortality in the nonoperative group. In the operative group (44 patients), 4% died after operation, largely of multiple injuries. Confirmation of splenic injury and follow-up of patients were mostly performed by splenic scintiscans. There was no significant difference in length of hospitalization between operative and nonoperative groups. Operative splenic repair and preservation of the spleen to prevent postsplenectomy sepsis often requires considerable experience and may be a lengthy, tedious procedure. Nonoperative therapy in adults and children is an attractive alternative in a selective group of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Impact of choice of anesthetic with vagotomy testing.

Incomplete vagotomy is the most important cause of recurrent ulcer disease. Despite this, intraoperative vagotomy testing has not gained widespread acceptance. We used a technique with Congo red, a nontoxic azine dye that turns black (pH, 3.0) intraoperatively. The vagolytic effects of various general anesthetics has been shown. We found that halothane, used as a general anesthetic, combined with pentagastrin administration as a vagally synergistic stimulant, produced the most reliable, safe, and reproducible result when using Congo red intraoperatively.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1982

Recurrent hiatal hernia repair: A potential surgical dilemma.

We studied 96 patients who underwent hiatal hernia repair; 17 of these patients had secondary repair. Nor mortality existed for elective first-time repairs. whereas there was a 17.6% mortality and a 46% morbidity in secondary repairs. No clear differences were noted with the type of repair used. Thirty-five percent of those having a recurrent hiatal hernia repair later had another recurrence. Reoperation for recurrent reflux esophagitis is more of a risk than is often thought. This information should be heavily weighed during preoperative decision making.

Esophagitis, Peptic↗
PubMed1981

Developmental differences in identifying and discriminating CV syllables.

The purpose of this experiment was to determine whether age-related differences would be observed for identification and discrimination of synthesized, five-formant CV syllables among listeners who showed equal performance scores on a standard clinical test of speech understanding. A second question concerned the relations between performance on identification and discrimination tasks as a function of age. Two 13-item continua that varied in the place of articulation feature ([ba, da, ga]) were used; they differed primarily in the presence of absence of a 5-ms noise burst at the consonant onset. Digitized natural speech syllables were also employed in one experimental task. Strong age effects were obtained for the three tasks--identification of syllables, adaptive estimation of "ba, da-" and "da, ga-" boundaries, and discrimination. With the exception of one condition for six-year-olds, only adults showed significant differences between boundaries and just noticeable differences. Minimal differences were obtained in responses to stimuli with and without initial bursts. Across ages there were no significant differences in the subjects' ability to label the synthesized syllables as compared to the natural speech stimuli. Possible explanations for the observed developmental effects are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Gender identity problems of children and adolescents: the establishment of a special clinic.

Theoretical accounts of the origins of gender identity disturbance are reviewed and then followed by a description of the establishment of a child and adolescent gender identity clinic. Clinical impressions of 16 gender disturbed patients are presented and the position is taken that most patients manifested a confused, as opposed to fixed, core gender identity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Time-response analysis of the effect of stimulant medication on the learning ability of children referred for hyperactivity.

This report introduces a method for obtaining behavioral time-response information for a short-acting psychotropic drug (methylphenidate [Ritalin]) that is widely used to treat behaviorally hyperactive children. We used a laboratory learning task to document that between one and two hours after the administration of a single dose of methylphenidate, the drug exerts its maximum effect on performance in a learning task in the laboratory. This effect on cognitive performance dissipates within the same day. This rapid and transient effect of methylphenidate makes it possible to classify patients in a single day into those who respond favorably and those who respond adversely to the drug in terms of its effect on cognitive behavior.

Association Learning↗