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Biomedical subjects

K-H Rühle

Publications and source records attributed to K-H Rühle.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Bronchoscopic diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary foci].

Flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy is frequently performed in patients with endoscopically not visible lesions, especially for establishing a diagnosis in patients with peripheral lung cancer. The usual method for obtaining material for histological analysis is transbronchial forceps biopsy. To gain material for cytological examination transbronchial needle aspiration, transbronchial catheter aspiration or bronchial brushing and bronchial washing can be used. The size of the lesion and its location influence the diagnostic accuracy of bronchoscopy. The reliability of cytological procedures has found general acceptance: the endoscopic investigation can be guided by the results of on-site cytology. The combination of transbronchial forceps biopsy and cytological methods increases the diagnostic yield. In a direct comparison, cytological examination of material from transbronchial needle aspiration and transbronchial catheter aspiration has been found to have a significantly higher diagnostic sensitivity than transbronchial forceps biopsy in peripheral bronchial carcinoma. While transbronchial needle aspiration makes it possible to obtain tissue from extrabronchial region, catheter aspiration provides material of a larger area of the bronchial mucosa. There is thus no need for an exact positioning of the catheter tip inside the lesion under fluoroscopic guidance.

Biopsy, Fine-Needle↗
PubMed2006

[Transbronchial biopsy in comparison with catheter aspiration in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary nodules].

BACKGROUND: Usually, transbronchial biopsy (TBB) is performed in the evaluation of bronchoscopically invisible solitary nodules and peripheral lesions of the lung. Additionally catheter aspiration can be done with the fiberbronchoscope, also under fluoroscopic guidance, to get cytological material. Despite of its simplicity, the catheter aspiration technique is widely unknown. METHOD: In a prospective study we compared the diagnostic yield of both procedures concerning malignancy. 28 consecutive patients (age 69.4 +/- 8.9 years) underwent both TBB and catheter aspiration. RESULTS: The tumor size measured 41.4 +/- 14.5 mm. The frequency of TBB was 3.4 +/- 1.8 and of catheter aspiration 2.6 +/- 1.2 per patient. A malignant tumor was diagnosed in 13 cases by TBB and in 20 cases by catheter aspiration. With the combination of both methods, a malignancy was diagnosed in 23 cases. 3 of 5 bronchoscopically not malignant tumors turned out to be bronchial cancer by surgery, the other 2 were benign in a 2 year follow up. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic yield of catheter aspiration is significantly superior to transbronchial biopsy (77 % compared with 50 %, p < 0.05 chi square test). When combining both methods the result is further improved by about 10 %. Composed to of other cytological methods (transbronchial needle aspiration, brush cytology) aspiration by catheter seems at least comparable, but with cost saving advantages.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2006

[Frequency of cytological procedures in diagnostic bronchoscopy of peripheral pulmonary modules and masses].

BACKGROUND: The combination of forceps biopsy and cytological methods improves the yield in diagnostic bronchoscopy of peripheral lung cancer. Transbronchial catheter aspiration seems to be an underutilized cytological technique, which is valuable and minimally invasive. We inquired for the frequency of cytological procedures and the importance of transbronchial catheter aspiration in comparison to transbronchial needle aspiration and bronchial brushing. METHODS: We sent questionnaires to 99 clinically practising and educating pulmonologists. RESULTS: The response amounted to 69 %. Nearly 79 % of the pulmonologists usually combine forceps biopsy with cytological procedures. Instead of 51 % bronchial brushing, transbonchial catheter aspiration as well as needle aspiration is the most applied cytological technique by only 28 % of the interrogated physicians. 47 % of the investigators practise bronchial washing and 27 % practise core roll preparations as a rule. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the specialized clinics in respiratory medicine in Germany add cytological methods to transbronchial forceps biopsy. This practice is pregnant with meaning because of a higher diagnostic yield while accuracy is likewise high. Unlike bronchial brushing transbronchial catheter aspiration and needle aspiration are underutilized for different reasons in spite of the fact, that these are the only procedures with a significant higher sensitivity in comparison to forceps biopsy.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2004

[Quality of life before and during nCPAP].

The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is accompanied by an impairment of patients' condition during the day. The latter, in turn, is a decisive criterion quality of life. The instruments employed for data gathering, objectification and observation of the course of therapy are questionnaires. Questionnaires like Satisfaction With Life Scale SWLS: for global quality of life; Münchner Lebensqualitäts-Dimensionen-Liste MLDL and Short Form-36 of the Health Survey SF-36: for specific areas of life quality are often used. The purpose of this study is to clarify, to what extent and in which areas quality of life of OSAS patients improves both after initiation of therapy and under long-term therapy. By comparing effect size the value for effectiveness of therapy can be estimated. Thus, 41 OSAS patients and 40 controls were given an extensive set of tests addressing parameters of both sleep and quality of life. Testing of global quality of life with the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) did not reveal any significant difference between the controls and the OSAS patients. In specific araeas of life quality, 2 (of 4) subscales (Physical satisfaction: p = 0.003; Psychological satisfaction: p = 0.001) of the Münchner Lebensqualitäts-Dimensionen-Liste (MLDL) showed differences between the controls and the OSAS patients. For the Short Form-36 of the Health Survey (SF-36), 7 (of 8) subscales indicated significant differences between this groups (except for Emotional Role Function). The comparison of the effect size revealed the strongest effect in the subscale vitality of the SF-36 after more than 6 months (0.93). Good effect sizes were found in the domains Physical satisfaction (0.70) and Psychological satisfaction of the MLDL (0.56). In conclusion the MLDL is in consideration of its simple performance and evaluation compared with the SF-36 the better instrument in the clinical routine for the coverage of improved Quality of Life through a nCPAP therapy.

Female↗
PubMed2003

[Two simulation programs to measure continuous attention in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome].

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome suffer from reduced continuous attention due to neuropsychological deficits. Among other means, driving simulator programs are employed for registration and objectification as well as observation of the course of therapy. While Steer Clear by Findley et al. and the driving simulator Carda (Randerath et al.) represent pure continuous attention tests, the new driving simulator test Carsim, measures attention interactively and continuously. This way, more complex functions are recorded. We therefore investigated Carda and the program Carsim to study the various features of both methods. For this purpose, 105 OSAS patients were tested on both driving simulators concerning the mistake rate in Carda and the time of tracking deviations in Carsim. We defined the normal range by using the mean value +/- 2 standard deviations from our earlier publications in healthy persons without sleep disorders. With Carda the mistake rate exceeded in 10 of 105 patients (9.5%) the normal range and with Carsim the frequency of tracking deviations exceeded in 49 of 105 patients (46.7%) the normal range. The incidence of deviation from normal was significantly higher with Carsim testing. By additionally testing the number of pathological cases is with Carda increased from 46.7% to 51.4%. The tests characterize different components of neuropsychological deficits. Driving simulators with tracking tasks describe neuropsychological deficits in comparison with those measuring only components of reaction in a higher percentage.

Automobile Driving↗