Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Kallol Kumar Roy.
Corrosive acid ingestion in pregnancy is rare. We present a rare case of corrosive acid ingestion during pregnancy. The patient subsequently had tracheal stenosis and had to undergo a tracheostomy. Feeding gastrostomy was created for nutritional support of both mother and fetus. The patient delivered at term by an elective caesarean section.
INTRODUCTION: The role of defective fimbrio-ovarian relation in cases of unexplained infertility has not been extensively studied. The aim of the study was to assess the role of fimbrio-ovarian relation as an investigative modality in women with unexplained infertility. We also aimed to evaluate the efficacy of superovulation and freeing the fimbria-ovarica in increasing the conception rate of women with unexplained infertility. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective study where out of 80 infertile couples, 19 women with unexplained infertility were recruited as study group. Fifteen fertile women were recruited as control group. During laparoscopy the length of the fimbria-ovarica and the ovulation border was measured. The fimbrio-ovarian accessibility test was demonstrated by holding the tubal fimbria by a non-traumatizing grasper and their ability to reach or cover the ovulation site. The freeing of the fimbria-ovarica was done, if its length was less than 2 cm. All cases were given ovulation induction for consecutive six cycles and were followed up to document any conception. RESULTS: The mean length of the fimbria-ovarica was significantly less in patients with unexplained infertility (2.5 +/- 0.6 vs. 3.55 +/- 0.8 cm). The mean length of the ovulation border was not significantly different in cases and controls (2.95 +/- 0.6 vs. 3.55 +/- 0.5 cm). The fimbrio-ovarian accessibility test was positive in 6 (31.5%) cases and in 14 (93%) controls. The fimbrio-ovarian accessibility test was negative in 13 (68.4%) cases and in 1 (7%) control. Out of the 13 cases with negative FOAT, 7 had fimbrial length less than 2 cm and in whom the freeing of fimbria-ovarica was done because of severe resistance during stretching. Out of 7 patients in whom freeing of fimbria-ovarica was done 3 conceived (42.8%). Out of the 12 patients who got only ovulation induction 3 conceived (25%). CONCLUSION: Fimbrio-ovarian accessibility test appears to be a promising investigative modality to assess ovarian pick-up in patients with unexplained infertility. Correcting fimbrio-ovarian relation (freeing short fimbria-ovarica) improves pregnancy rate in women with unexplained infertility.
Ontogenesis of the human peripheral auditory pathway is relatively less explored. While the distal part of the auditory perception apparatus (i.e. the cochlea) received attention, studies on the neural element carrying information to the brainstem (i.e. the cochlear nerve) are scarce. In the present study, axonal differentiation, maturation and myelination of the distal end of the human cochlear nerve (CN) were assessed using light and electron microscopy. Seven human fetuses of 12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 28 and 38 weeks' gestation (WG) were analyzed. Light microscopy revealed nerve fascicles as early as 12 WG, initially arranged loosely but later compacted by 18 WG. Myelinated fibers were clearly detected at 28 WG. Ultrastructurally, at 12 WG developing Schwann cells were present between the thin unmyelinated axons. At 15 WG, the fascicular arrangement was distinct with blood vessels in the perineurium. The maximum number of axons was found at 20 WG, which subsequently reduced to reach the adult level at 22 WG. The myelinated axons in the CN were first observed on the left side at 20 WG, following which the number and proportion of myelinated axons increased until term, incorporating both small and large axons. The right CN lagged behind in maturation. Axon size also increased with age. Thus, the maturation of the human CN commences during the mid-gestation period and produces exuberant axons that are eventually pruned at a time when axons start to myelinate. During this developmental period the human CN maintains maturational asymmetry, the functional consequences of which remain to be elucidated.
Primary vaginal stones are extremely rare and are often mistaken for bladder calculi on plain radiography. However, intravenous pyelography and sonography can help differentiate between the two. We report a case of a large vaginal stone in a 21-year-old woman referred for apareunia and difficult micturation. The clinical findings of vaginal outlet obstruction and a hard mass anterior to the rectum made us suspect a bladder calculus; however, sonography of the pelvis indicated that the mass was in the vagina. Further examination using a probe to physically define the stone's location confirmed it to be a vaginal calculus. Surgery was performed to repair the outlet obstruction and remove the stone, which permitted the woman to urinate normally and engage in normal sexual relations.