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Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
Biomedical subjects
Kamal Jaroudi
Publications and source records attributed to Kamal Jaroudi.
Value of flow cytometric assay for the detection of antisperm antibodies in women with a history of recurrent abortion.
PROBLEM: To verify the proposed relationship between recurrent spontaneous abortions and the presence of maternal antisperm antibodies (ASA) in women as detected by a sensitive and reliable method. METHOD OF STUDY: The presence of maternal antipaternal immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies were determined against three different paternal antigens comprising T, B lymphocytes and semen cells by a sensitive flow cytometric crossmatch method to examine their possible correlation with pregnancy outcome. Group 1 consisted of sera obtained from 24 women with a history of abortion, and lymphocytes and semen samples collected from their husbands at the same time of visiting the in vitro fertilization (IVF) Clinic at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center. Sera, lymphocytes and semen samples were also collected from six couples with no history of abortion who served as controls (Group 2). RESULTS: Using a sensitive flow cytometric assay to analyse the samples, without knowledge of clinical status, elevated levels of both IgG and IgM were detected in Group 1. However, no significant association was found when compared with normal females who had healthy pregnancies. CONCLUSION: Flow cytometry is a highly sensitive and specific tool for the detection of alloantibodies in human sera from patients with rejected transplanted organs. Our findings suggest that maternal antipaternal antibodies with respect to IgG and IgM classes do not play a major role in women with a history of recurrent abortions, despite the presence of increased levels of antibodies against three different sources of paternal antigens.
Abortion, Habitual↗
Pregnancy after preimplantation genetic diagnosis for Ataxia Telangiectasia.
Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT) is an autosomal recessive disorder with an incidence estimated at 1 in 40 000 to 1 in 100 000 live births. More than 100 different somatic and germ-line mutations have been identified in the AT gene, the majority of which cause premature protein truncation. The immense size of the AT gene (66 exons) complicates the detection of mutations. A Saudi family with three affected children suffering from AT consulted our IVF centre for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). Despite advanced maternal age and unknown mutation, the family was screened for AT mutations. A large deletion in the gene was found to be responsible for the phenotype of AT. The mutation detection permitted us to perform PGD on AT for the first time. Single cell PCR consisted of amplifying one of the deleted exons, exon 19. Homozygous affected embryos show an absence of the exon, while in heterozygous or normal embryos the exon is amplified successfully. After ICSI, three embryos were suitable for embryo biopsy. After biopsy only one embryo showed exon amplification and was transferred. A singleton pregnancy ensued and prenatal diagnosis confirmed the presence of exon 19. This report demonstrates that PGD is feasible despite advanced maternal age and poor response to follicle stimulation.
Adolescent↗
Nucleolar precursor body distribution in pronuclei is correlated to chromosomal abnormalities in embryos.
In-vitro generated human embryos have low implantation rates and high chromosomal abnormalities. Embryos are mostly selected on the basis of microscopic morphological examination. The relationship between pronuclear morphology and chromosomal abnormalities was investigated in this study. Zygotes were scored according to pronuclear morphology on day 1. Excess embryos that were not transferred or cryopreserved on day 3 were fixed. Chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y were analysed by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH). A total of 125 embryos were analysed; 58 (46%) were abnormal, 32 (26%) were mosaic and 35 (28%) were normal. Results were analysed according to different pronuclear morphology. Zygotes with polarized pattern had a significantly lower incidence of chromosome abnormality than those with a non-polarized pattern. The presence of cytoplasmic halo, the size of each pronucleus and the number of nucleolar precursor body had no significant effect on chromosomal abnormalities. In conclusion, embryos generated from zygotes with polarized pattern have fewer chromosomal abnormalities compared with other patterns. A simple microscopic examination during fertilization confirmation would be useful to select embryos with fewer chromosomal abnormalities, preferably in combination with other observations shown to correlate with chromosomal abnormalities.
Adult↗