Biomedical subjects

Kanako Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to Kanako Satoh.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Array comparative genomic hybridization analysis in first-trimester spontaneous abortions with 'normal' karyotypes.

Array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) analysis was conducted in chorionic villous samples from 20 first-trimester spontaneous abortions with G-banding normal chromosomes. A microarray, containing 2,173 BAC clones and covering the whole genome with a 1.5-Mb resolution, was constructed and used in the analysis. Two deletions were identified: a 1.4-Mb deletion at 3p26.2-p26.3 and a 13.7-Mb deletion at 13q32.3-qter. Reexamination of chromosome preparations from the sample with the 13.7-Mb deletion documented a mixture of cells with the 13q- chromosome and those with 46,XX chromosomes, the latter of which are likely to have been derived from contaminating decidual cells. This left the 1.4-Mb 3p deletion as the only instance with submicroscopic imbalance detected, giving a frequency of 1 in 19 (5%) G-banding normal abortions.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗

PubMed2006

Effects of N-nitrosofenfluramine, a component of Chinese dietary supplement for weight loss, on CD-1 mice.

Many cases of hepatopathy including deaths have frequently occurred after ingestion of Chinese dietary supplements for weight loss containing N-nitrosofenfluramine (N-fen), a nitroso derivative of fenfluramine (Fen), which was used for the treatment of obesity in the United States. Since Fen decreases appetite by decreasing the serotonin level and exhibits an antibiotic effect, N-fen may have been added, expecting a similar effect. Thus, we synthesized N-fen and orally administered it to mice, and investigated its effect on the liver as well as on the cerebral serotonin nervous system to investigate whether N-fen exhibits an anorectic effect. Three doses of N-fen were orally administered once daily to mice for 1 week. No significant changes in body weight, food intake, and general condition were noted. The liver and kidney weights were significantly increased. On blood chemistry, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase activities were increased, and total bilirubin and albumin were slightly decreased. On histopathological examination, acidophilic changes and mild cellular swelling were noted in the liver. The liver drug-metabolizing enzyme (P-450) level was significantly higher. The effect of N-fen on the serotonin (5HT) nervous system was examined by quantitative autoradiography of the mouse brain, and it was found that N-fen did not decrease the 5HT nerve activity. Effects of reuptake and release of monoamine neurotransmitters [dopamine (DA), 5HT, and norepinephrine (NE)] were investigated. N-fen inhibited a little 5HT reuptake, and did not inhibit reuptakes of DA and NE. Moreover, N-fen did not affect release of the three monoamines. The above findings suggested that N-fen did not exhibit a serotonin nerve fiber-mediated anorectic effect in mice, but induced hepatopathy.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2003

Inhibition of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase by the extract of Stephania cephararantha HAYATA and bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid cycleanine, a major constituent.

The Stephania cephararantha HAYATA extract, and its constituent bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, such as cycleanine, cepharanthine, isotetrandrine, berbamine, homoaromoline, and cepharanoline were studied for effects on Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity. The S. cephararantha HAYATA extract inhibited Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity with an apparent IC(50) value of 540 microg/mL. Cycleanine markedly inhibited Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity with an IC(50) value of 6.2 x 10(-4)M. It slightly inhibited Mg(2+)-ATPase, H(+)-ATPase, and Ca(2+)-ATPase. No effects on alkaline and acid phosphatase activities were observed. The inhibition by isotetrandrine, homoaromoline, cepharanthine, and berbamine was less marked, and cepharanoline showed no effect. Five synthetic analogues of cepharanthine slightly inhibited the activity. The mechanism of inhibition by cycleanine on Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity was examined in detail, and the following results were obtained in the overall reaction: (1) the mode of inhibition was noncompetitive with respect to ATP; (2) the degree of inhibition was decreased with a decrease of K(+) concentration; (3) it was not affected by Na(+) concentration; (4) the inhibition mechanism was different from that of ouabain. The activity of K(+)-dependent p-nitrophenyl phosphatase, a partial reaction of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, did not appear to have been inhibited by cycleanine in the reaction mixture containing 15 mM K(+) (optimum condition). However, cycleanine increased the K(0.5) value for K(+) and reduced the K(i) values for Na(+) and ATP, in K(+)-dependent p-nitrophenyl phosphatase. Cycleanine might interact with the enzyme in Na.E(1)-P form and prevents the reaction step from Na.E(1)-P to E(2)-P.

4-Nitrophenylphosphatase↗

PubMed2003

[Identification of Aloe species by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis].

Juice and integument of leaves of 3 Aloe species, Aloe vera, A. ferox and A. africana, are not allowed to be used as food according to the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in Japan. On the other hand, whole leaves of A. arborescens can be used as food. The present study was designed to distinguish Aloe species by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. DNA was isolated from fresh and dried leaves of the 4 Aloe species. Five out of 32 different 10-mer primers examined were useful for analysis. By comparison of the characteristic bands of PCR products on agarose gel, it was possible to distinguish the 4 species. Thus, the botanical species of Aloe in commercial food products can be identified by RAPD analysis.

Aloe↗