Biomedical subjects

Karin Wrangsjö

Publications and source records attributed to Karin Wrangsjö.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Self-reported skin exposure -- a population-based study.

The aim was to study self-reported skin exposure in individuals from the general population with or without hand eczema. In a population-based study in 1996 using postal questionnaires to 3000 individuals, 215 of 2218 (9.7%) reported hand eczema during the past 12 months. 182 (85%) of those with hand eczema and 182 without hand eczema, matched for age and sex, participated in telephone interviews in 1997 regarding exposure to skin irritants at work and in leisure time. No differences were shown in occupational exposure to water, hand washing or chemicals in individuals with or without hand eczema. Women reported more wet exposure than men at work and in leisure time. A correlation was found between occupational wet exposure and wet work at home. Persons in high-risk occupations reported more frequent exposure to skin irritants. However, 53% in high-risk occupations reported exposure to water and detergents for less than half-hour a day and 11% in low-risk occupations for more than half-hour a day. In conclusion, individuals with or without hand eczema seem to have similar exposure to skin irritants. Using job titles as a proxy for exposure gives misclassification, which may result in underestimation of the hand eczema risk.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Occupational skin exposure and hand eczema among dental technicians-need for improved prevention.

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to estimate occupational skin exposure, the use of skin protection, and the incidence of hand eczema among dental technicians. METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study, dental technicians (N=2139) and randomly selected population controls (N=2288) received a postal questionnaire on occupational skin exposure, protective glove use, and hand eczema, including the year of onset. The response rate was 57% for the dental technicians and 58% for the controls. RESULTS: Altogether 80% of the dental technicians reported skin exposure to uncured (meth)acrylates (MA), and 87% had skin contact with grinding dust from MA. Thirty-nine percent used protective gloves when handling uncured MA. Twenty-two percent of the currently employed technicians reported participation in obligatory training concerning the handling of thermosetting plastics, and 58% did not know how long normally used gloves protected the skin against uncured MA. Altogether 48% of the dental technicians and 30% of the controls reported more than 10 hand washings a day (P<0.001). For the dental technicians, the incidence of hand eczema was 8.5 cases/1000 person-years during MA-exposed time. For the controls, the incidence was 3.3. The incidence rate ratio for the men was 3.6 (95% CI 2.3-5.6), and for the women it was 2.4 (95% CI 1.7-3.3). CONCLUSIONS: The work of dental technicians involves frequent and unprotected exposure to MA and frequent hand washings. Dental technicians have twice the risk of hand eczema than the general population. Efforts to improve skin protection and increase participation in obligatory training about handling thermosetting plastics are important.

Dental Technicians↗

PubMed2005

Fifteen-year follow-up of hand eczema: predictive factors.

The aim of this study was to identify factors of importance for the long-term prognosis of hand eczema in the general population. In a 15-y follow-up, 868 (78%) individuals with hand eczema, diagnosed and clinically examined in a previous population-based study, answered a postal questionnaire with questions concerning persistence of the disease. In a logistic regression model, the extent of eczema involvement at the initial examination was the strongest negative factor for the prognosis, followed by history of childhood eczema and age below 20 y at onset of hand eczema. These factors significantly influenced both the total time with hand eczema during the 15 y follow-up and occurrence of hand eczema the previous year. The predictive factor for hand eczema 15 y later was doubled for an individual with all three risk factors compared with one without them, 72%vs 35%. Contact allergy to any of the standard allergens also related significantly to current hand eczema. In conclusion, the main determinant for a poor long-term prognosis was widespread hand dermatitis at the initial examination. Other important factors were low age at onset of hand eczema, history of childhood eczema, and contact allergy.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Multicentre patch test study of air-oxidized ethoxylated surfactants.

Frequent exposure to water and surfactants is considered to be the main cause of hand eczema from wet work. Ethoxylated surfactants are susceptible to oxidation and some of the oxidation products formed have proved to be contact sensitizers in guinea pigs. The question of human sensitization to oxidized surfactants was addressed in a multicentre study in the Stockholm region. 528 consecutive dermatitis patients were patch tested with widely used ethoxylated surfactants in oxidized and non-oxidized form as well as certain identified oxidation compounds. 61 patients presented with mild, clearly irritant reactions to some of the surfactants tested. 18 patients showed not only erythema but also oedema and/or papules and vesicles, using a morphologic descriptive system for reading the patch test reactions. These reactions occurred mostly to oxidized surfactants and oxidation products. When retesting 9 of these 18 patients only an allergic reaction to acetaldehyde was confirmed. We conclude that oxidized ethoxylated surfactants have increased irritant potential compared to non-oxidized material. Our working hypothesis is that oxidized surfactants of technical quality exert a lower risk of sensitization than do oxidized homologous pure surfactants. Among the potential allergens formed during autoxidation, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde must be considered as a source of unexpected exposure.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Patch testing with oxidized R-(+)-limonene and its hydroperoxide fraction.

R-(+)-Limonene is an ubiquitous allergen in our environment. It is one of the most widely used fragrance materials not only in fine fragrances but also most often incorporated in domestic and occupational products. Although the non-oxidized R-(+)-limonene itself is not allergenic, it easily forms allergenic products due to autoxidation during handling and storage. 2273 patients at 4 dermatological clinics in Europe were patch tested between 1997 and 1999 in 2 steps. First, the oxidation mixture of R-(+)-limonene and 1 selected allergen fraction of the mixture, the limonene hydroperoxides, were tested in 2 different vehicles in consecutive patients. A diverging frequency of positive patch test reactions was observed in the 4 clinics. 3.8% of the consecutive patients tested reacted to oxidized R-(+)-limonene in 2 clinics, 6.5% in the 3rd, whereas 0.3% in the 4th clinic. In 2 of the centres, different but significant concomitant positive response rates to other allergens were observed; e.g. to fragrance materials and to colophonium. However, in the total test population, 57% of the limonene-allergic subjects did not react to any of the fragrance allergy markers used in the standard series. In the 2nd step, patients showing positive reactions were retested, also including additional separate allergens of the limonene oxidation mixture (carvone and limonene oxide). 60% of the limonene-allergic patients showed positive results at retesting. The limonene hydroperoxide fraction was proved to be the most important allergen of the oxidation mixture, showing positive reactions in around 60% of the limonene-allergic patients at both test sessions. Testing limonene oxide and carvone separately resulted in very few positive reactions. 3% oxidized R-(+)-limonene in non-stabilized petrolatum is most suitable when using only 1 test preparation for diagnosis of contact allergy to oxidized limonene. Our data give clinical support to the European classification of R-(+)-limonene, containing oxidation products, as a skin sensitizer.

Cyclohexenes↗

PubMed2002

Oxidized citrus oil (R-limonene): a frequent skin sensitizer in Europe.

BACKGROUND: Peel oil from citrus fruits consists of R-(+)-limonene, which is one of the most commonly used fragrance materials in technical products and in fine fragrances. This substance forms allergenic oxidation products during handling and storage. OBJECTIVE: We wanted to study the frequency of allergic reactions to oxidized R-(+)-limonene in patients with dermatitis and find a suitable test preparation. METHOD: Patch testing with oxidized R-(+)-limonene was performed on 2273 patients at 4 dermatology clinics in Europe. RESULTS: Of the consecutive patients tested, 3.8% to 3.9% had positive reactions in two of the clinics; 6.5% had positive reactions in the third clinic; and 0.3% had positive reactions in the fourth clinic. A total of 63 patients showed positive reactions. In total, 57% of the patients did not react to fragrance mix or balsam of Peru. We recommend testing with 3% oxidized R-(+)-limonene in patients referred for patch testing. CONCLUSION: The high frequency of oxidized limonene allergy provides clinical evidence for the European classification of R-(+)-limonene that contains oxidation products as skin sensitizers.

Cosmetics↗