Biomedical subjects

Kazuhiro Shinosaki

Publications and source records attributed to Kazuhiro Shinosaki.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Interictal spikes in the fusiform and inferior temporal gyri of an epileptic patient with colored elementary visual auras: a 5-year longitudinal MEG ECD study.

Using equivalent current dipole (ECD) analysis of magnetoencephalography (MEG), we examined the locations of interictal spikes for 5 years in an epileptic patient who had experienced colored elementary visual auras that gradually disappeared with medication. During the period that the patient frequently experienced colored elementary visual auras, six of nine spikes occurred in the right fusiform and inferior temporal gyri. As the frequency of the visual auras decreased, the spikes were widely distributed in the right hemisphere, but were not localized to these areas. After the visual auras ceased, six of seven spikes occurred in the right transverse gyrus of Heschl. These results suggest that colored elementary visual auras of epileptic-positive symptoms originate in the fusiform and inferior temporal gyri and that these regions are involved in human color processing. This is the first MEG study suggesting that the fusiform gyrus and the inferior temporal cortex are related to human color processing.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Research strategy for understanding neuronal plasticity and degeneration].

After the disclosure of human genomic information in 2003, the new era of post-genomic research will be in full bloom in the field of neuroscience, brain science as well as in neuropsychiatry. In this paper, the authors discussed possible strategies for understanding neuronal plasticity and neuronal degeneration in the post-genomic research paradigm. Five presentations are discussed in the following orders; 1) pharmacogenomics and epigenetics, 2) neuronal stem cell differentiation and transplantation into brain tissue, 3) Elucidation of the mechanism of neuro-protection and neurogenesis, 4) mechanisms of protein processing, especially importance of regulated intramembranous proteolysis, and 5) simulation analysis of signal transduction pathways. All of these newly developing strategies will be of increasing importance in the research in neuropsychiatry.

Nerve Degeneration↗

PubMed2002

Parallel distributed processing neuroimaging in the Stroop task using spatially filtered magnetoencephalography analysis.

Parallel distributed processing neuroimaging in the Stroop color word interference task in five healthy subjects was studied. The total reaction time was set at 650 ms with a time window of 200 ms in steps of 50 ms. Spatially filtered magnetoencephalography analysis, as used in synthetic aperture magnetometry, was used. Neural activation began in the left posterior parietal-occipital area (150-250 ms post-stimulus), followed by the right prefrontal polar area (250-350 ms), the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (250-400 ms), and the mid- to lower- primary motor area (350-400 ms). Successive and temporally overlapping activation of various cortical regions were successfully estimated within a short 200 ms time interval, contrary to previous positron emission tomography and fMRI studies.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

MEG study of long-term cortical reorganization of sensorimotor areas with respect to using chopsticks.

The movements required to use chopsticks are overlearned and routine in Asians. Most non-Asians, on the other hand, typically have difficulty performing this unfamiliar manual activity, and have to focus their attention on the movements required to use chopsticks adequately. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG) we compared the cortical activation of highly trained Asian chopstick users to the activation of Europeans who only occasionally used chopsticks, while they performed the same tasks with chopsticks or a control task of simple tapping of the same fingers. The data were analyzed using the new method of synthetic aperture magnetometry (SAM). In Europeans there was a significantly higher ratio of spectral power in the higher gamma frequency band (60-80 Hz) over the sensorimotor area compared to the Asian subjects. From these results we conclude that the high gamma band activity in the sensorimotor area may reflect focused attention and functional reorganization of the cortical network with respect to sensorimotor experience.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Landau-Kleffner Syndrome: Localization of Epileptogenic Lesion Using Wavelet- Cross-Correlation Analysis.

Magnetoencephalographic findings in a 6-year-old patient suffering from acquired aphasia with convulsive disorder (Landau-Kleffner Syndrome, LKS) are presented. The data were analyzed using wavelet-cross-correlation analysis, a nonstationary analysis method developed to analyze the localization of an epileptogenic lesion and the propagation of epileptiform discharges. The results indicate that LKS might be a disorder of the primary temporal cortex, and that the auditory neural network may function as the circuit for the epileptic discharge propagation.

Journal Article↗