Biomedical subjects

Kazunori Miyata

Publications and source records attributed to Kazunori Miyata.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Contrast sensitivity function and ocular higher-order wavefront aberrations in normal human eyes.

PURPOSE: To investigate the relation between contrast sensitivity function and ocular higher-order wavefront aberrations in normal human eyes. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational case series. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred seven eyes of 161 normal subjects, ranging in age from 15 to 60 years (30.9+/-8.0 [mean +/- standard deviation]). METHODS: Ocular higher-order aberrations were measured for a 4-mm pupil using the Hartmann-Shack wavefront analyzer. The root-mean-square of the third- and fourth-order Zernike coefficients was used to represent comalike and spherical-like aberrations, respectively. We measured contrast sensitivity, low-contrast visual acuity (VA), and letter contrast sensitivity. From the contrast sensitivity data, the area under the log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF) was calculated. Pupil diameter in a photopic condition was recorded using a digital camera. RESULTS: Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that comalike aberration (P = 0.002) was significantly associated with AULCSF, but spherical-like aberration (P = 0.200), age (P = 0.185), and photopic pupil diameter (P=0.252) were not. Comalike aberration showed a significant correlation with low-contrast VA (P<0.001), but spherical-like aberration (P = 0.293), age (P = 0.266), and pupil diameter (P = 0.756) did not. Comalike aberration was found to be significantly associated with letter contrast sensitivity (P<0.001), but spherical-like aberration (P=0.082), age (P = 0.370), and pupil diameter (P = 0.160) were not. CONCLUSIONS: In normal human eyes, comalike aberration of the eye significantly influences contrast sensitivity function.

Accommodation, Ocular↗

PubMed2006

Prospective intrapatient comparison of 6.0-millimeter optic single-piece and 3-piece hydrophobic acrylic foldable intraocular lenses.

PURPOSE: To compare postoperative performance and stability of 6.0-mm optic single- and 3-piece acrylic foldable intraocular lenses (IOLs). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, self-controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS: Eighty eyes of 40 patients with bilateral senile cataracts. INTERVENTION: Phacoemulsification and IOL implantation were performed. One eye of a patient was randomly assigned to the SA60AT single-piece IOL, and the contralateral eye was allocated to the MA60AC 3-piece IOL. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent, aqueous flare intensity, anterior chamber depth, amount of IOL decentration and tilt, area of anterior capsule opening, and degree of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) were measured 2 days, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Specular microscopy was performed at 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS: In the SA60AT group, the anterior chamber depth did not show significant changes after surgery (P>0.05; paired t test), and the refraction remained highly stable throughout the 1-year study period. The MA60AC group showed significant shallowing of the anterior chamber (P<0.05) and a myopic shift (P<0.05) up to 1 month after surgery. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups (P>0.05) in BCVA, aqueous flare intensity, the amount of IOL decentration, IOL tilt, area of anterior capsule opening, and degree of PCO throughout the 12-month follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Both the SA60AT single-piece and MA60AC 3-piece lenses showed a minimum amount of decentration, tilt, anterior capsule contraction, and PCO. Although the MA60AC showed significant forward shift and myopic refractive changes after surgery, the SA60AT displayed little axial movement associated with highly stable refraction after surgery. This feature of the SA60AT should facilitate earlier spectacle prescription and quicker visual/social rehabilitation of patients after cataract surgery.

Acrylic Resins↗

PubMed2006

Comparison of central corneal thickness measurements by rotating Scheimpflug camera, ultrasonic pachymetry, and scanning-slit corneal topography.

PURPOSE: To compare central corneal thickness measurements and their reproducibility when taken by a rotating Scheimpflug camera, ultrasonic pachymetry, and scanning-slit corneal topography/pachymetry. DESIGN: Experimental study. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-four eyes of 64 subjects without ocular abnormalities other than cataract. METHODS: Corneal thickness measurements were compared among the 3 methods in 54 eyes of 54 subjects. Two sets of measurements were repeated by a single examiner for each pachymetry in another 10 eyes of 5 subjects, and the intraexaminer repeatability was assessed as the absolute difference of the first and second measurements. Two experienced examiners took one measurement for each pachymetry in another 10 eyes of 5 subjects, and the interexaminer reproducibility was assessed as the absolute difference of the 2 measurements of the first and second examiners. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Central corneal thickness measurements by the 3 methods, absolute difference of the first and second measurements by a single examiner, absolute difference of the 2 measurements by 2 examiners, and relative amount of variation. RESULTS: The average measurements of central corneal thickness by a rotating Scheimpflug camera, scanning-slit topography, and ultrasonic pachymetry were 538+/-31.3 microm, 541+/-40.7 microm, and 545+/-31.3 microm, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the measurement results among the 3 methods (P = 0.569, repeated-measures analysis of variance). There was a significant linear correlation between the rotating Scheimpflug camera and ultrasonic pachymetry (r = 0.908, P<0.0001), rotating Scheimpflug camera and scanning-slit topography (r = 0.930, P<0.0001), and ultrasonic pachymetry and scanning-slit topography (r = 0.887, P<0.0001). Ultrasonic pachymetry had the smallest intraexaminer variability, and scanning-slit topography had the largest intraexaminer variability among the 3 methods. There were similar variations in interexaminer reproducibility among the 3 methods. CONCLUSIONS: Mean corneal thicknesses were comparable among rotating Scheimpflug camera, ultrasonic pachymetry, and scanning-slit topography with the acoustic equivalent correction factor. The measurements of the 3 instruments had significant linear correlations with one another, and all methods had highly satisfactory measurement repeatability.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials in patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 uveitis.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible injury in the optic pathway by measuring P100 peak latency of pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (PVEPs) in patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 uveitis (HU). METHODS: The P100 peak latency of PVEP was measured during the period without macular abnormalities observed by fluorescein angiography in 23 patients (46 eyes) with HU and 24 patients (48 eyes) with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) with a corrected visual acuity of 20/25 or more. To determine the normal upper limit of P100 peak latency, PVEPs were measured in 31 normal subjects (31 eyes). In addition, in the HU patients, the serum anti-HTLV-1 antibody titer was measured by particle agglutination assay within 3 months of PVEP recording, and the period of HU was retrospectively surveyed. RESULTS: Delayed latency was observed in 4 (7 eyes) of the 23 patients (46 eyes) with HU but none of the 24 patients (48 eyes) with VKH. All four patients with delayed latency showed a serum anti-HTLV-1 antibody titer of more than x4000. The HU period in the HU patients was 0.2-14.0 years, and the HU periods in the four patients with delayed latency were 0.8, 2.7, 4.2, and 14.0 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We measured pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials and observed delayed P100 peak latency in 7 of the 46 eyes in 4 (17.4%) of the 23 HU patients. This suggests injury in the optic pathway including the optic nerve by HTLV-1 in some patients with HU. In the future, consideration should also be given to the possible development of optic neuropathy due to HTLV-1.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Atelocollagen punctal occlusion in dry eye patients.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of atelocollagen punctal occlusion for dry eye patients. DESIGN: Prospective noncomparative interventional case series. METHODS: Atelocollagen was injected into the superior and inferior canaliculi of 52 eyes of 28 dry eye patients. Vital staining of the ocular surface, breakup time of tears (BUT), tear volume, and corneal epithelial permeability to fluorescein were examined before and 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment. RESULTS: Rose bengal stain, fluorescein stain, BUT, and corneal epithelial permeability to fluorescence were significantly improved 1 week after atelocollagen punctal occlusion, and the improvement was maintained for up to 8 weeks after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Atelocollagen punctal occlusion effectively improves ocular surface disorders in dry eye patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Detection of Streptococcus species by polymerase chain reaction in infectious crystalline keratopathy.

PURPOSE: Investigation of a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Streptococcus species from an excised cornea of a patient with infectious crystalline keratopathy. METHODS: Samples microdissected from corneal intrastromal aggregates present in infectious crystalline keratopathy were subjected to PCR for 3 primer pairs respectively specific for Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and several kinds of fungi. RESULTS: The PCR detected DNA from Streptococcus but not from Staphylococcus or fungi. Direct sequencing of the PCR products showed that the PCR products had the highest identity (99.8%) with Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus gordoni, indicating that these species were the most probable causes of infectious crystalline keratopathy in this patient. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that PCR provides a good adjunct technique in the diagnosis of corneal infection.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

Influence of pupil diameter on the relation between ocular higher-order aberration and contrast sensitivity after laser in situ keratomileusis.

PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of pupil diameter on the relation between induced changes in ocular higher-order wavefront aberrations and changes in contrast sensitivity by conventional laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia. METHODS: In 215 eyes of 117 patients (age, 33.2 +/- 8.3 years) undergoing LASIK for myopia of -1.25 to -13.5 D (-5.28 +/- 2.55 D), ocular wavefront aberrations and contrast sensitivity function were determined before and 1 month after surgery. Preoperative photopic pupil diameter was measured with a digital camera. Ocular higher-order aberrations were measured for a 4-mm pupil with a Hartmann-Shack wavefront analyzer. The root-mean-square (RMS) of the third- and fourth-order Zernike coefficients was used to represent coma- and spherical-like aberration, respectively. From the contrast-sensitivity data, the area under the log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF) was calculated. RESULTS: One hundred five eyes had a photopic pupil diameter of 4 mm or larger, and the remaining 110 had a photopic pupil diameter smaller than 4 mm. There were no statistically significant differences in the background clinical data between these two groups. In the eyes with a photopic pupil diameter of 4 mm or larger, the changes in third-order comalike aberrations did not correlate with the changes in AULCSF (Pearson correlation coefficient, r = -0.037, P = 0.723) and 10% low-contrast visual acuity (r = 0.125, P = 0.224), but fourth-order spherical-like aberrations correlated significantly with the changes in AULCSF (r = -0.229, P = 0.024) and 10% low-contrast visual acuity (r = 0.221, P = 0.038). In the eyes with photopic pupil size smaller than 4 mm, there were significant correlations between the changes in comalike aberrations and the changes in AULCSF (r = -0.487, P < 0.001) and 10% low-contrast visual acuity (r = 0.310, P = 0.003), but spherical-like aberrations showed no correlation with the changes in AULCSF (r = -0.078, P = 0.485) and 10% low-contrast visual acuity (r = 0.208, P = 0.158). CONCLUSIONS: In eyes with larger photopic pupil diameter, increases in spherical-like aberration dominantly affect contrast sensitivity, whereas in eyes with smaller pupil size, changes in coma-like aberration exert greater influence on visual performance.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

[A case of systemic lupus erythematosus associated with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemophagocytic syndrome].

THE CASE: A 44-year-old female. Developed polyarthralgia in August 2002. The patient was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in November, due to polyarthralgia, leukopenia, anti ds-DNA antibody positive, antinuclear antibody positive, and false positive serologic test for syphilis. Hypocomplementemia continued even after the steroid treatment was conducted with insufficient control. In November 2003, ran fever and observed polyarthralgia. In December, gross hematuria and purpura appeared. The patient was hospitalized on December 25. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) was suspected from the emergence of fragmented red cells, hemolysis, thrombocytopenic purpura, headache, renal dysfunction and fever. As hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) was suspected from hyper-ferritinemia, bone marrow aspiration was conducted. Macrophage confirmed hemophagocytic image and the patient was diagnosed with HPS complication. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy was conducted for three days, followed by the administration of prednisolone 60 mg. Plasma exchange therapy was also conducted from the first day of hospitalization. Recurrence of TTP after plasma exchange therapy, but it improved by additional plasma exchange. Low vWF-CP (ADAMTS-13) activity was observed in this case, and anti-vWF-CP antibody was positive. TTP and HPS are both critical intractable complications of SLE. Bearing in mind the possibility of simultaneous complication of both symptoms, prompt diagnosis is crucial for life-saving.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Corneal barrier function, tear film stability, and corneal sensation after photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis.

PURPOSE: To compare corneal sensation, corneal barrier function, tear secretion, and tear film stability after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized clinical trial. METHODS: In a prospective study, 28 eyes of 15 patients underwent PRK and 115 eyes of 59 patients underwent LASIK to correct myopia. Corneal sensation, corneal epithelial barrier function, tear secretion, and tear film stability were examined preoperatively and 1 week and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postsurgery. RESULTS: Both PRK and LASIK significantly compromised corneal sensation, increased epithelial barrier function, reduced tear secretion, and deteriorated tear film stability (P < .05, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Deterioration of corneal sensation was significantly greater after LASIK than after PRK by 3 months postoperatively (P < .05, Wilcoxon rank sum test). Increases in corneal epithelial permeability were more prolonged after LASIK than after PRK. A significant intergroup difference in permeability was observed 1 month after surgery (P < .01). Tear breakup time was significantly shorter in the LASIK group than in the PRK group up to 3 months after surgery (P < .045). CONCLUSIONS: LASIK induces greater and more prolonged damage to corneal sensation, corneal barrier function, and tear film stability than PRK.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Late-onset repetitive traumatic flap folds and partial dehiscence of flap edge after laser in situ keratomileusis.

A 25-year-old woman had traumatic flap folds and partial dehiscence of the flap edge in the right eye 5 and 30 months after laser in situ keratomileusis. The period from injury to treatment was 4 hours and 9 days, respectively. With the first injury, the flap was lifted and stretched with moistened sponges to clear the folds. With the second injury, the folds were hard so the flap was lifted and sutured to stretch the folds. The patient recovered visual acuity within 2 weeks.

Accidents, Occupational↗

PubMed2005

Visual acuity measurements using Fourier series harmonic analysis of videokeratography data in eyes after penetrating keratoplasty.

PURPOSE: Fourier harmonic analysis can decompose videokeratography data into spherical power, regular astigmatism, and irregular astigmatism (asymmetry and higher-order irregularity). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether determination of cylinder power by Fourier analysis facilitates measurements of visual acuity and refraction in eyes after penetrating keratoplasty. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-six eyes of 56 subjects who had undergone penetrating keratoplasty. METHODS: Spectacle-corrected visual acuity was measured in 2 ways: by the conventional and the Fourier methods. In the conventional method, the refraction was determined subjectively by reference to the measurement results of the autokeratometer and autorefractometer. In the Fourier method, the magnitude and axis of regular astigmatism were calculated by Fourier analysis of the videokeratography data, and spherical lenses were adjusted until best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was attained. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity and refraction used for correction. RESULTS: The spectacle-corrected visual acuity obtained with the Fourier method (logMAR, 0.23+/-0.32; Snellen equivalent, 20/34) was significantly better than that attained with the conventional method (logMAR, 0.31+/-0.29; Snellen equivalent, 20/41; P<0.001, paired t test). The cylinder power used for spectacle-corrected visual acuity measurements was significantly lower with the Fourier method (-2.41+/-1.26 diopters [D]) than with the conventional method (-3.53+/-1.64 D; P<0.001). The spherical equivalent at the final refraction was not different between groups (P = 0.207). CONCLUSIONS: Fourier analysis of videokeratography data significantly facilitates determination of refraction and measurement of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity in eyes with corneal irregular astigmatism, such as eyes that have undergone penetrating keratoplasty.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Limbal allograft, amniotic membrane transplantation, and intraoperative mitomycin C for recurrent pterygium.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a pilot study evaluating the efficacy and safety of limbal allograft, preserved amniotic membrane transplantation, and intraoperative mitomycin C treatment for recurrent pterygium. DESIGN: Prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Twelve eyes of 11 patients with recurrent pterygium. The mean number of previous surgeries for pterygium was 1.9+/-1.4 (range, 1-6). INTERVENTION: All subjects received limbal allograft, preserved amniotic membrane transplantation, and intraoperative mitomycin C. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pterygium recurrence and complications. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 21.6+/-5.6 months (range, 16-36 months). There was no pterygium recurrence in any of the eyes. Symblepharon reappeared in 3 eyes and diplopia recurred in 2 eyes. There were no other surgical complications and there was no graft rejection. CONCLUSIONS: Limbal allograft, preserved amniotic membrane transplantation, and intraoperative mitomycin C may be a safe and effective procedure for recurrent pterygium.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

Central corneal thickness measurements using Orbscan II scanning slit topography, noncontact specular microscopy, and ultrasonic pachymetry in eyes with keratoconus.

PURPOSE: To compare corneal thickness measurements using Orbscan II scanning slit topography, Topcon SP-2000P noncontact specular microscopy, and ultrasonic pachymetry in eyes with keratoconus. METHODS: Central corneal thickness was measured in 22 eyes with keratoconus. Eyes with apparent corneal opacity were excluded. Scanning slit topography, noncontact specular microscopy, and ultrasonic pachymetry were used in this sequence. The acoustic equivalent correlation factor (0.92) was used for Orbscan readings. RESULTS: Three devices gave significantly different corneal thickness readings (P < 0.001, repeated-measure analysis of variance). Measurements with Orbscan scanning slit topography (449.5 +/- 43.2 [SD] mum) were significantly smaller than those of ultrasonic pachymetry (485.0 +/- 29.3 microm; P < 0.001, Tukey multiple comparison) and SP-2000P noncontact specular microscopy (476.7 +/- 28.3 microm; P = 0.002). There were significant linear correlations between ultrasonic pachymetry and scanning slit topography (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.741, P < 0.001), between scanning slit topography and noncontact specular microscopy (r = 0.880, P < 0.001), and between noncontact specular microscopy and ultrasonic pachymetry (r = 0.811, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In eyes with keratoconus, Orbscan II scanning slit topography system gave significantly smaller corneal thickness readings than the other 2 devices. Measurements taken by noncontact specular microscopy and ultrasonic pachymetry were comparable. Three devices showed significant linear correlations with one another.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Corneal endothelial cell protection with Viscoat and Healon or Healon alone during penetrating keratoplasty.

PURPOSE: To determine the influence of dispersive ophthalmic viscosurgical products (OVPs) on corneal endothelial cell (CEC) density during penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) and on the postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP). METHODS: In 117 eyes of 113 patients, PKP was performed by a single surgeon from April 1, 1998 to April 30, 2002. Loss of CECs and postoperative IOP were evaluated retrospectively after use of Viscoat (sodium hyaluronate 3.0%, chondroitin sulfate 4.0%) plus Healon (sodium hyaluronate 1.0%) (Viscoat/Healon group) or Healon alone (Healon group) during surgery. RESULTS: The average CEC loss was 14.6 +/- 15.5% and 9.0 +/- 10.5% at 1 month, 18.1 +/- 14.6% and 10.1 +/- 7.3% at 3 months, 20.1 +/- 16.3% and 12.2 +/- 10.9% at 6 months, and 31.7 +/- 21.4% and 18.1 +/- 15.5% at 12 months in the Healon (n = 74) and Viscoat/Healon (n = 43) groups, respectively. Patients were stratified into groups with corneal leukoma (n = 61) or bullous keratopathy (n = 56). Loss of CECs was significantly smaller in the Viscoat/Healon group compared with the Healon group irrespective of whether patients had corneal leukoma or bullous keratopathy at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. There was no significant difference of postoperative IOP between the Healon and Viscoat/Healon groups over 12 months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the addition of Viscoat to Healon decreases CEC loss during PKP and does not affect postoperative IOP.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed2005

[Clinical results of amniotic membrane transplantation in Miyata Eye Hospital according to surgical methods].

PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical results of amniotic membrane transplantation according to three methods : graft, patching, and stuffing. SUBJECT AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 65 patients(65 eyes) who received amniotic membrane transplantation by the three methods, graft, patching or stuffing during the period of March 1998 to May 2003 in the Miyata Eye Hospital. Application of surgery was determined as follows : graft with limbal transplantation for limbal dysfunction, patching for prolonged epithelial defect, and stuffing for corneal perforation. The criteria of success were defined as corneal and conjunctival epithelialization and prevention of invasion of proliferative tissues beyond the limbus for graft, corneal epithelialization for patching, and occlusion of perforated cornea at first use for stuffing, respectively.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Influence of cataract and intraocular lens surgery on health-related quality of life].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the vision-related quality of life(QOL) in patients undergoing cataract surgery with the Japanese version of the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Subjects were 110 patients [70.4 +/- 9.2 (mean +/- standard deviation) years old] undergoing bilateral cataract surgery. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/30 or worse in both eyes. The VFQ-25 was recorded before and 2 months after phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation, and the influence of various clinical parameters was assessed. The VFQ-25 was also recorded in 69 glaucoma patients with visual field defects in both eyes, and in 31 normal subjects. RESULTS: The VFQ-25 scores before cataract surgery were as low as the scores obtained in glaucoma patients. Cataract surgery significantly improved VFQ-25 scores to the level of normal subjects Statistically significant improvements were observed in subscales such as general vision, near activities, distance activities, driving, peripheral vision, color vision, social functioning, dependency, role difficulties, mental health, and total score (p<0.001, paired t-test). The degree of improvement in VFQ-25 scores did not correlate with preoperative or postoperative visual acuity, uncorrected or corrected. The VFQ-25 scores improved more in younger patients, and improvement in the general vision subscale showed a significant negative correlation with age (r= -0.286, p=0.009, Pearson correlation coefficient). The degree of posterior subcapsular cataract in better eyes showed significant correlation with the improvement in subscales, such as distance activity (r =0.413, p<0.001), driving (r= 0.449, p=0.015), social functioning (r=0.308, p= 0.004), mental health (r=0.330, p=0.002), dependency (r=0.323, p=0.003), and total score (r=0.328, p=0.002). Other types of cataract had no correlation. Men tended to show more improvement in VFQ-25 scores by surgery than women, except for the dependency subscale. CONCLUSION: The current study quantitatively demonstrated that vision-related QOL is significantly impaired in patients with cataract, and that cataract surgery dramatically improves patients' QOL.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Limitation of Scheimpflug videophotography system in quantifying posterior capsule opacification after intraocular lens implantation.

PURPOSE: To assess the applicability of Scheimpflug videophotography system for the quantitative comparison of posterior capsule opacification after intraocular lens (IOL) implantation of different materials. DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized, interventional case series. METHODS: Three groups (n = 15 eyes, each) underwent cataract surgery with implantation of acrylic, silicone, or hydrogel IOL. One year after surgery, the scatter light density at the anterior IOL surface level was measured using EAS-1000. Another three groups (n = 32 eyes, each) received acrylic, silicone, or hydrogel lens. One week after surgery, the scatter light density at the posterior capsule was measured. RESULTS: Scatter light density at the anterior IOL surface 1 year after implantation was 7.5 +/- 3.0 computer-compatible tape (CCT) steps in the acrylic group, 6.0 +/- 2.3 CCT steps in the silicone group, and 5.0 +/- 3.2 CCT steps in the hydrogel group; the density in the acrylic group was significantly greater than that in the hydrogel group (P =.026). Scatter light density at the posterior capsule level 1 week after surgery was 28.3 +/- 8.9 CCT steps in the acrylic group, 22.2 +/- 2.0 CCT steps in the silicone group, and 26.7 +/- 6.7 CCT steps in the hydrogel group; there was a significant difference between the acrylic and silicone groups (P =.0005) and between the silicone and hydrogel groups (P =.008). CONCLUSIONS: The IOL material significantly influences the scatter light density measurements of Scheimpflug videophotography system, and thus the intensity of posterior capsule opacification quantified by this system cannot be directly compared with different optic materials.

Acrylic Resins↗

PubMed2004

Age-related changes in corneal and ocular higher-order wavefront aberrations.

PURPOSE: To investigate age-related changes in ocular and corneal higher-order wavefront aberrations and elucidate relative contributions of the cornea and the lens in the age-related changes. DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: Corneal and ocular higher-order wavefront aberrations in the central 6 mm diameter were measured with videokeratography and the Hartmann-Shack wavefront aberrometer in 75 normal eyes of 75 patients with a mean age of 43.5 +/- 11.7 years (range, 18-69 years). Higher-order wavefront aberrations were calculated with Zernike polynomials up to sixth order. From the Zernike coefficients, we calculated root mean square (RMS) of coma and spherical aberration. To examine age-related changes of the polarity of spherical aberration, the changes of the Zernike coefficient Z(4)(0) was also investigated. RESULTS: Both corneal (r =.307, P =.007) and ocular (r =.334, P =.0033) coma RMS showed positive correlations with age. There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular coma RMS (r =.468, P <.0001). The RMS of corneal spherical aberration did not change with aging (r =.153, P =.1895), whereas the RMS of ocular spherical aberration had a positive correlation with aging (r =.308, P =.0068). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the ocular coma increases with age, mainly because of the increase in the corneal coma, and the ocular spherical aberration increases with age, mainly because of the increase in the spherical aberration in the internal optics.

Adolescent↗