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Kazuo Motoyoshi

Publications and source records attributed to Kazuo Motoyoshi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Effects of motor cortical stimulation on the excitability of contralateral motor and sensory cortices.

Single pulses of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) were applied to the right hemisphere over either the hand sensory area, the hand motor area (M1), ventral premotor area (vPM), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, or 10 cm away from head (sham stimulation) in order to test the effect on motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by single pulse TMS or transcranial electrical stimulus (TES) over the left M1 or the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) elicited by an electrical stimulus to the right median nerve. The interstimulus intervals (ISIs) for MEP experiments were 50, 100, 150, 200, 300 and 400 ms, with those for SEP experiments being adjusted for the impulse conduction time from the wrist to the cortex. TMS over the right M1 reduced MEPs elicited by TMS of the left motor cortex at ISIs of 50-150 ms, whereas MEPs produced by TES were unaffected. TMS over M1 and vPM facilitated the contralateral cortical median nerve SEPs at an ISI of 100-200 ms, whereas it had no effect on tibial nerve SEPs or paired median nerve stimulation SEP. Based on these results, we conclude that at around 150-ms intervals, TMS over the motor areas (M1 and vPM) reduces the excitability of the contralateral motor area. This has a secondary effect of enhancing the responsiveness of the sensory cortex through cortico-cortical connections.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Clinicopathological features of pure mica pneumoconiosis associated with Sjögren syndrome.

BACKGROUND: There are few reports on the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of pure mica pneumoconiosis. METHODS: A case of definite pure mica pneumoconiosis in a rubber factory worker is reported with the clinicopathological findings. RESULTS: Chest HRCT demonstrated subpleural and peribronchovascular interstitial thickening. The characteristic histologic features were pulmonary fibrosis accompanied by prominent histiocytic granulomas containing giant cells. CONCLUSIONS: Pure mica pneumoconiosis can be identified by specific radiologic and pathologic findings.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed2004

Ganglioside complexes as new target antigens in Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Antibodies specific for a complex of gangliosides GD1a and GD1b (GD1a/GD1b) were found in sera from eight of 100 patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) by the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and thin-layer chromatogram immunostaining. Those sera also had antibody activities to such ganglioside complexes as GD1a/GM1, GD1b/GT1b, and GM1/GT1b but had little or no reactivity to the each isolated antigen. Clustered epitopes of the ganglioside complex in the plasma membrane may be targeted by such an antibody, and interaction between the antibody and ganglioside complex may induce the neuropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Administration of macrophage colony-stimulating factor mobilized both CD11b+CD11c+ cells and NK1.1+ cells into peripheral blood.

We attempted the phenotypic characterization of peripheral blood (PB) cells after daily administration of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in mice. The number of CD11b+ cells was increased by M-CSF treatment (2- and 5-day injections). Notably, CD11bbrightCD11cdim, CD11b+CD11c+ and CD11b+CD80+ cells were significantly increased by 2-day treatment of M-CSF. On the other hand, the number of NK1.1+ cells was not changed by the 2-day treatment, but it was significantly increased by the 5-day treatment. However, the numbers of CD3+ and NK1.1+CD3+ cells were not changed by M-CSF treatment. Then, mononuclear cells (MNCs) were separated from the PB of mice treated with saline or M-CSF, and they were incubated with GM-CSF + IL-4 or IL-2. Compared with the saline-treated one (S-MNCs), the MNCs of M-CSF-treated mice (M-MNCs) showed strong proliferation by the GM-CSF + IL-4 stimulation. The MNCs could stimulate proliferation of allo-T cells in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), especially the M-MNCs showed strong reaction. On the other hand, the stimulation by IL-2 induced strong cell growth of MNCs. And M-CSF treatment enhanced this response. Furthermore, the M-MNCs (stimulated by IL-2 in vitro) exhibited greater cytotoxicity against Yac-1 cells than the S-MNCs. In conclusion, we found that administration of M-CSF mobilized CD11b+, CD11b+CD11c+, CD11b+CD80+, and NK1.1+cells into PB. And the injection of M-CSF facilitates the generation of dendritic and natural killer cells from PB cells in vitro. These results suggest that the mobilized cells may provide for application of immunotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Prolonged central sensory conduction time in alcoholics with hypoactive aldehyde dehydrogenase-2.

People who have a Glu487Lys mutation (single nucleotide polymorphism) in the aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) gene are slow to metabolize the alcohol breakdown product acetaldehyde. The P13/14-N20 interval of the median nerve somatosensory evoked potential was significantly longer in alcoholic patients with a hypoactive ALDH2 (n = 27) than in those with an active ALDH2 (n = 43). This suggests that acetaldehyde accumulation due to hypoactive ALDH2 is associated with a prolongation of the central sensory conduction time between pons and primary sensory cortex. The present result indicates that an elevated blood concentration of acetaldehyde must cause the central sensory tract involvement and that acetaldehyde is one of factors producing brain damage in alcoholics.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed2004

Therapeutic factors causing hallucination in Parkinson's disease patients, especially those given selegiline.

Selegiline protects nigral dopaminergic neurons and is recommended for the treatment of patients in the early stage of Parkinson's disease (PD). We treated 112 PD patients and noted that those given selegiline had a high incidence of hallucination. Our objective was to determine which clinical therapeutic factors cause such hallucinations. The Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square test showed that in 94 patients, the severity of the hallucinations was significantly related to the duration of illness, Hoehn and Yahr stage, doses of levodopa and cabergoline, whether or not selegiline was used, and whether or not medication for constipation was required. In addition, patients who were treated with a low dose of levodopa (< or =300 mg/day), who had a low Hoehn and Yahr stage, and a short duration of illness (< or =8 years) together with a high dose of selegiline or cabergoline also tended to have hallucinations. MRI findings were not related to the incidence of hallucination. When selegiline is given to patients who have PD of long duration and a high Hoehn and Yahr stage, and who already are receiving levodopa and a dopamine agonist, the doses of levodopa and the dopamine agonists given, as well as the presence of constipation, may be related to the incidence of hallucination.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

MmTRA1b/phospholipid scramblase 1 gene expression is a new prognostic factor for acute myelogenous leukemia.

We previously found that expression of the Mm-1 cell-derived transplantability-associated gene 1b (MmTRA1b)/phospholipid scramblase 1 gene was markedly induced during the granulocytic differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells. To evaluate the role of MmTRA1b expression in human myeloid leukemia, we investigated the relative levels of MmTRA1b transcripts in 81 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) by the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The expression of MmTRA1b in AML-M1, -M5a and -M5b was significantly lower than that in normal bone marrow cells. The levels of MmTRA1b expression in AML-M2 and -M4 varied among patients. Higher MmTRA1b mRNA levels were associated with significantly longer overall survival in AML, especially in AML-M4 patients, independent of chromosomal aberrations such as t(8;21) and inv(16). The present results suggest that the MmTRA1b mRNA level is a new prognostic factor for AML, especially the AML-M4 subtype.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Pulmonary hamartoma: unusual radiologic appearance.

A pulmonary nodule was incidentally detected in a 50-year-old man during a routine health evaluation. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) showed that the lesion had the appearance of a collection of multiple tiny nodules. Histologic examination of the resected specimen revealed a single hamartoma resembling a bunch of grapes. Pulmonary alveoli and bronchioles were entrapped within the hamartoma with tumor buds appearing in a multicentric manner, thereby producing the unusual HRCT findings. Review of chest radiographs taken over the previous 20 years indicated that the tumor doubling time was 4968 days.

Hamartoma↗
PubMed2004

Induction of redox imbalance and apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells by the novel triterpenoid 2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid.

The synthetic oleanane triterpenoid 2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO) and its chemical derivatives induce differentiation and apoptosis of human leukemia cells. The precise mechanisms responsible for the effects of CDDO, however, remain unclear. In the present study, we examined the effects of CDDO and its C-28 imidazolide ester (CDDO-Im) on apoptosis of multiple myeloma (MM) cells. The results show that both CDDO and CDDO-Im are potent inducers of MM cell apoptosis and that CDDO-Im is more active than CDDO. CDDO-Im treatment was associated with (a) depletion of glutathione, (b) increases in reactive oxygen species, (c) a reduction of the Fas-associated death domain (FADD)-like interleukin-1-converting enzyme (FLICE) inhibitory protein, (d) activation of caspase-8, and (e) a decrease of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. The reducing agents, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, DTT, and catalase inhibited each of these CDDO-Im-induced proapoptotic signals. Inhibition of caspase-8 with z-IETD-fmk also abrogated CDDO-Im-induced decreases of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and inhibited apoptosis. These results demonstrate that CDDO-Im disrupts intracellular redox balance and thereby activates the extrinsic caspase-8-dependent apoptotic pathway. We further show that CDDO-Im induces apoptosis of primary MM cells at submicromolar concentrations and that MM cells are more sensitive to this agent than normal bone marrow mononuclear cells. These results suggest that CDDO compounds have potential as new agents for the treatment of MM.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2004

[A case report of isolated absence of the right pulmonary artery: bronchofiberscopic findings and chest radiologic tracings over 9 years].

A 27-year-old man was admitted to hospital for the investigation of hemosputum. He is a serving member of the Japan Self-Defense Forces. Chest radiography showed absence of the right hilar component, and the ipsilateral hemithorax was smaller than that of on the left side. Pulmonary arteriography demonstrated complete absence of the right pulmonary artery. Right cardiac catheterization did not show any concomitant cardio-vascular malformation. Therefore, this case was diagnosed as an isolated absence of the right pulmonary artery. Bronchial arteriograms demonstrated showed vascular enlargement and proliferation of the right bronchial artery. Bronchofiberscopic examination showed obvious bronchial mucosal vascular enlargement with submucosal eruption and swelling of the right bronchi. We also re-examined the chest radiographs of this patient from the previous 9-years. Those revealed a chronological decrease of the right lung volume and an increase of the cardio-thoracic ratio. Isolated absence of the right pulmonary artery is generally considered to have preferable survival, but close observation is necessary to monitor the pulmonary hemodynamics.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Oxygen stress effects on proliferation rates and heat shock proteins in lymphocytes.

INTRODUCTION: High-oxygen conditions produce oxidants and cause some pathognomonic signs and symptoms in human hosts. However, the biological effects at the cellular level are still unclear. To investigate the cellular response against oxygen stress, we measured the proliferative activity and heat shock protein (HSP) expression of human lymphocytes. METHODS: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was used as a source of reactive oxygen species. The time course of the proliferative/apoptotic response was evaluated from DNA histogram analysis. HSP response was measured by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Suppression of lymphocyte cluster formation by oxygen stress was observed to be dose-dependent. Induction of apoptotic cell death and retardation of entering the S-phase were also affected according to the extent of oxygen stress. Oxygen stress equivalent to 500 micromol x L(-1) H2O2 or more showed a severe impairment of the cell cycle and that equivalent to 50-100 micromol x L(-1) H2O2 revealed an intermediate effect. Although an increased expression of HSP72/73 was observed in each group 6 h after oxygen stress, only 100 micromol x L(-1) H2O2-treated cells remained at a high expression level after 24 h. CONCLUSION: It is likely that when cells encounter oxygen stress, an increased expression of HSP72/73 and subsequent repair of damaged proteins cause the retardation of cell cycle progression and prevent damaged cells from entering the S phase. But if the damage is too strong, the cells may go into apoptotic cell death. From our results of the HSP72/73 experiment, the threshold that determines the fate of the lymphocytes may be around 100 micromol x L(-1) H2O2.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Pulmonary thromboembolism complicating right subclavian vein obstruction: case report].

We report a case of pulmonary thromboembolism, in which obstruction of the right subclavian vein, also called Paget-von Schroetter syndrome, was detected. The patient was a 39-year-old man (a scaffold constructor). He lost consciousness at work, and was admitted as an emergency case to our hospital. He had noticed gradually worsening dyspnea for 1 month. Chest radiography showed Westmark's sign in the lungs and enlarged hilar vascular markings on both sides. Pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy confirmed multiple flow defects. Upper and lower limb venography disclosed interruption of the right subclavian vein, leading to a diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism secondary to upper limb vein thrombosis. In patients who have pulmonary thromboembolism without an apparent underlying disease, the lifestyle and work habits should be considered and the possibility of subclavian vein thrombosis should be kept in mind.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Emergence and decrement of Ph-negative clone with trisomy 8 in CML during imatinib therapy].

An increase in the presence of the Ph-negative, trisomy 8 clone has been reported in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) under imatinib therapy, but any impact of the clone on patient prognosis remains uncertain. We report here on a 42-year-old male with CML who received imatinib after failure of interferon-alpha therapy. A chromosomal analysis revealed 18/20 trisomy 8 in bone marrow at 10 months of imatinib administration. Continuing imatinib at 300 mg daily resulted in a decrease in the number of trisomy 8 clones as well as the disappearance of Ph clone. Furthermore, the patient's pancytopenia was gradually improved. Imatinib therapy could be continued even with the emergence of trisomy 8.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[A case of dementia with motor neuron disease associated with agraphia--the omission of kana letters].

We report a 55-year-old right-handed Japanese man with motor neuron disease and dysgraphia of kana letters. He was admitted to our hospital because of dysarthria and dysphasia. On admission, the results of general physical examination were within normal limits. Neurological examination revealed severe dysarthria, dysphasia, impaired movement of the tongue without fasciculation and slight distal muscle weakness in the bilateral upper limbs. There were no fasciculation of the muscle. Deep tendon reflexes were hyperactive without Babinski's signs. Sensation, coordination, and gait were normal. Neurophysiological studies demonstrated normal motor nerve conduction velocities and sensory action potential. The results of needle electromyography of the upper limbs were compatible with motor neuron disease (MND). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed atrophy of the bilateral temporal region of the brain. 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) showed reduced uptake of tracer in the bilateral temporal region. On neuropsychological examination, his behavior was normal, and orientation and intelligence were also preserved, but his speech was severely impaired. Reading comprehension was slightly impaired. In regard to writing comprehension, he had no difficulty in copying of words though dictation was found to be impaired. He omitted one kana letter in a word. Agraphia is accompanied by various factors such as aphasia, dementia, agnosia, alexia. But in this case at least for early stage, agraphia existed without other higher cortical dysfunction. He did not show severe dementia in his early stage of his disease, but developed it later in the disease's progression. In this case, agraphia might be due to the atrophic changes in the temporal lobe.

Agraphia↗
PubMed2003

Cloning and characterization of a novel RING-B-box-coiled-coil protein with apoptotic function.

We have identified a novel RING-B-box-coiled-coil (RBCC) protein (MAIR for macrophage-derived apoptosis-inducing RBCC protein) that consists of an N-terminal RING finger, followed by a B-box zinc finger, a coiled-coil domain, and a B30.2 domain. MAIR mRNA was expressed widely in mouse tissues and was induced by macrophage colony-stimulating factor in murine peritoneal and bone marrow macrophages. MAIR protein initially showed a granular distribution predominantly in the cytoplasm. The addition of zinc to transfectants containing MAIR cDNA as part of a heavy metal-inducible vector caused apoptosis of the cells characterized by cell fragmentation; a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential; activation of caspase-7, -8, and -9, but not caspase-3; and DNA degradation. We also found that the RING finger and coiled-coil domains were required for MAIR activity by analysis with deletion mutants.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2003

Benign type of central pontine myelinolysis in alcoholism--clinical, neuroradiological and electrophysiological findings.

Nine alcoholic patients with central pontine myelinolysis (CPM),who showed a favorable prognosis, are reported. The majority of them had taken part in binge drinking and had a subsequent consciousness disturbance for 18.1+/-10.9 (mean+/-SD) days. None of the patients had had acute correction of hyponatremia. Truncal ataxia and gait instability were present in most of the patients after recovery from the disturbance of consciousness. Most of them eventually gained independence, and magnetic resonance imaging showed that their pontine lesions tended to shrink. Electrophysiological studies detected prolonged latency between the I and III waves in auditory brainstem responses and between N11 and P13/14 onsets in the somatosensory evoked potentials. These clinical, radiological and electrophysiological findings should be of use in diagnosing CPM.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Expression profiling of cytokines and related genes in regenerating skeletal muscle after cardiotoxin injection: a role for osteopontin.

To examine the roles of cytokines in muscle regeneration, we injected cardiotoxin into mouse tibialis anterior muscle and examined the expression profiles of cytokines and related genes in the regeneration process. Expression of 40, 64, and 7 genes among 522 genes spotted on a cytokine expression array were increased more than fivefold at 48 hours, 96 hours, and 7 days after toxin injection, respectively, when compared with those of the control muscle. Especially the levels of mRNA for chemokines and chemokine receptors, many of which are potent regulators of macrophages, were highly elevated 48 hours after injury. The expression of osteopontin (OPN), a versatile regulator of inflammation and tissue repair, was up-regulated more than 118-fold in regenerating muscle at 48 hours after injury. Northern blotting confirmed that the expression of OPN was highest at 48 hours after cardiotoxin injection and declined sharply thereafter. Immunohistochemistry showed that OPN was detected both in the cytoplasm of macrophages and in necrotic muscle infiltrated with macrophages. Our studies suggest OPN may serve as an adhesion molecule that promotes macrophage binding to necrotic fibers and may be an important mediator in the early phase of muscle regeneration.

Animals↗