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Biomedical subjects

Kazuo Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to Kazuo Yoshida.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Isaacs' syndrome associated with myasthenia gravis, showing remission after cytoreductive surgery of pleural recurrence of thymoma.

We report a patient with Isaacs' syndrome associated with myasthenia gravis and pleural recurrence of thymoma, who showed severe limb pain attributed to hyperexcitability of sensory nerves. Myokymia and severe pain were successfully treated with cytoreductive surgery and intraoperative hyperthermic intrathoracic perfusion chemotherapy, but neither pharmacotherapy nor plasma exchange showed obvious clinical effects. Pleural thymoma in our patient may have caused Isaacs' syndrome, probably by unconfirmed humoral immune mechanisms. Cytoreductive treatment for recurrent thymoma should be actively considered as a potent therapeutic option in refractory patients with disabling neuromyotonia symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Neutrophil cytoskeletal rearrangements during capillary sequestration in bacterial pneumonia in rats.

RATIONALE: Neutrophils accumulate in pulmonary capillaries during acute inflammation. Initial events in injury recognition and sequestration do not occur through selectin-mediated rolling. Cytoskeletal rearrangements, as assessed by submembrane F-actin rims, result in poorly deformable neutrophils that may not pass through capillaries. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that neutrophils sequestering during pneumonia contain F-actin rims and to determine the roles of CD11/CD18, L-selectin expression, and neutrophil-platelet adhesion in neutrophil sequestration. METHODS: Neutrophils were compared in blood obtained simultaneously from venous and arterial sites before and 4 h after instillation of Streptococcus pneumoniae or Escherichia coli in rats. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: At 4 h of pneumonia, the number of neutrophils was greater in the venous blood entering the lungs than in the arterial blood leaving the lungs, indicating that neutrophil sequestration was occurring. More neutrophils entering the lungs contained F-actin rims than did neutrophils exiting, and the venous-arterial difference in F-actin-rimmed neutrophil counts completely accounted for sequestration. In E. coli pneumonia, in which neutrophil adhesion is mediated by CD11/CD18, CD18 blockade 15 min before blood samples were obtained did not prevent this sequestration of F-actin-rimmed neutrophils. Neutrophils expressing high or low levels of L-selectin or of neutrophils that bound platelets while circulating did not preferentially sequester. CONCLUSIONS: Neutrophils with cytoskeletal rearrangements preferentially sequester within the lungs during pneumonia, and this sequestration is not due to CD11/CD18-mediated adhesion, L-selectin expression, or platelet adhesion to neutrophils, suggesting that cytoskeletal rearrangements result in sequestration of neutrophils.

Actins↗
PubMed2006

Giant intraatrial septal aneurysm originating from a branch of the left coronary artery.

We present the case of a 38-year-old woman who had a large intraatrial aneurysm occupied by old thrombosis. The aneurysm was successfully removed, and the atrium was repaired. Pathohistological findings indicated that the inflow artery of the aneurysm had an anomalous origin from the left main coronary artery, and its pathogenesis was unknown. It is occasionally difficult to distinguish a large coronary aneurysm from a mediastinal tumor because this aneurysm is a rare entity, even more so in an atrial septum. A giant coronary aneurysm should be considered an alternative diagnosis in the event of a mediastinal mass. Surgery is recommended for a large coronary aneurysm.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Isolation of a novel mutant from Bacillus subtilis natto.

For the construction of strains with full probiotics function in intestines, deoxycholate resistant mutants were isolated from Bacillus subtilis natto. The partial characterization of the mutants was carried out and described.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed2006

Comparison of artificial synthesis methods of gene.

The comparative study of the methods for constructing the artificial genes have done. Equine interferon alpha-1 gene and porcine interferon alpha-1 gene were synthesized respectively by several methods from short DNA oligomers and each gene was evaluated about the accuracy of the gene sequence. The gene made by the SPR method was the most accurate.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Rupture of a large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, causing early local recurrence.

We present a case of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) requiring an urgent operation due to a rupture-induced shock. Primary lung cancers rarely rupture. This event could have spread malignant cells. Our patient died of pleural dissemination at day 81 after the operation. We had difficulty diagnosing the lesion before rupture despite various examinations including biopsy. In cases of a large, growing, cavitating mass, we should consider the possibility of malignant tumor, and a surgical approach to prevent rupture. A ruptured malignant tumor may also be treated by adjuvant therapy rather than resection.

Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine↗
PubMed2006

A subtotal sternectomy successfully reconstructed with composix mesh.

Sternal tumors are uncommon, which often require extended resections with reconstructions. Various techniques have been used, including a choice of prostheses and the use of musculocutaneous flaps for reconstructions. A 74-year-old male presented with a metastatic sternal tumor. He underwent a subtotal sternectomy with partial resection of bilateral clavicles and ribs. A sternal reconstruction was performed with Composix mesh and pectoralis major (PM) muscle flaps. This prosthesis was thought to be very suitable due to the ease of handling, good stability, and prevention of adhesion. In comparison to conventional prostheses, these points could be advantageous.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Detection of enteroviruses in renal biopsies from patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy.

Viruses have been suspected to be one of the causes of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Recent studies have detected viruses in renal tissues of patients with IgAN. Enteroviruses have been reported as pathogenic agents in some renal diseases. We previously reported that group B coxsackieviruses cause pathological changes in experimentally infected mouse kidney. The aim of the present study was to examine the participation of enteroviruses in the pathogenesis of renal diseases including IgAN. Renal biopsies of ten patients with IgAN (group 1) and of 19 patients with non-IgAN renal disease (group 2) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of enteroviral RNA. Positive PCR results were obtained for three patients (30%) of group 1. We confirmed by sequencing that the positive PCR products were derived from strains of enteroviruses. One of these three patients also had a positive result for lymphocytes from peripheral blood. In contrast, enteroviral RNA was detected in none of the 19 patients of group 2. The incidence of enteroviral RNA detection in patients of group 1 was higher than that in group 2 (P<0.05). Our findings suggest that enteroviral infection may have the possibility of becoming one of the factors involved in the mechanism of onset or evolution of IgAN.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2005

Aneurysmal bone cyst of the rib: report of a case.

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) are rare, especially in the ribs. This lesion is considered to be a benign process, which is usually found in children and young adults. This case, however, concerns a 71-year-old patient, the oldest patient hitherto reported in Japan, and also as old as in any other published case report worldwide. Although positron emission tomography (PET) demonstrated an uptake at the lesion, two biopsies could not reveal a precise preoperative diagnosis. The clinical manifestations, etiology, pathology, and current treatment are briefly discussed. Due to difficulties in the preoperative diagnosis, and to avoid recurrence, a total excision is the recommended treatment for ABC.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Gene design of signal sequence for the effective secretion of recombinant protein using insect cell.

In order to increase the proteinic secretion quantity of production in insect cell, the chicken lysozyme signal peptide (CLSP) was altered, and the effect of mutations on secretion of human lysozyme (HLY), the bovine interferon beta-3, and the equine interferon alpha-1 were studied. A hybrid gene composed of CLSP gene and HLY gene was used for the production of recombinant HLY in insect cell (BmN4) using vacuole virus expression system. In contrast with the Leu rich signal peptide in previous reports, Val rich type, or Ile rich type decreased the secretion of HLY, and Phe rich type prevented it completely, in spite of the increase of hydrophobicity in the central core region of each signal peptide. Besides the hydrophobicity, the tertiary structure in this region also might influence the secretion of HLY in insect cells. Then, Leu-rich signal peptide was used for the secretion of the bovine interferon beta-3, or the equine interferon alpha-1, resulted in the remarkable increase of the amount of the secretion in insect cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2005

Precise characterization of rDNA genes by intraspecies and inter-loci comparison of rDNA sequences and biochemical analysis of ribosomal RNA molecules in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

Annotation of rRNA genes has been incomplete in Agrobacterium species although a number of Agrobacterial rDNA fragments have been sequenced. In this study, precise characterization of rRNA operons (rrn) was carried out in two biovar 1 strains, C58 and MAFF301001. Complete DNA sequencing of four rrns in MAFF301001 indicated that each operon codes for 16S, 23S and 5S rRNA as well as three tRNAs, trn(Ile), trn(Ala) and trn(Met). The genes and 16S-23S ITS of a given locus were exactly identical with those in the other three loci, except for a T-base loss in the 23S rRNA gene of rrnA and in the 5S rRNA gene of rrnB. Comparison with the four C58 rDNAs available in the DNA database indicated extensive sequence and size variations in the 23S rRNA gene, suggesting the presence of an intervening sequence (IVS). Biochemical RNA analysis, including Northern hybridization and 5' end mapping, in MAFF301001 revealed 2886-base and 2571-base precursors, two 1.3-kb major fragments, a 150-base fragment and removal of an IVS for 23S rRNA. We confirmed similar biochemical characteristics in the C58 strain. The features of rDNA detected here enable correction of previously reported information about Agrobacterial rRNAs and rRNA genes and should be useful for phylogenetic considerations.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens↗
PubMed2005

[Analysis of nine kinds of sweeteners in foods by LC/MS].

A simple and rapid method for the simultaneous determination of nine kinds of sweeteners (acesulfame potassium, AK; sucralose, SUC; saccharin, SA; cyclamate, CYC; aspartame, APM; dulcin, DU; glycyrrhizic acid, GA; stevioside, STV; rebaudioside A, REB) in various foods by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS) was developed. The LC separation was performed on a ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm) with a mobile phase of 5 mmol/L dibutylammonium acetate (DBAA) and acetonitrile-water (8: 2). Mass spectral acquisition was done in the negative ion mode by applying selected ion monitoring (SIM). The sweeteners were extracted from foods with 0.08 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 7.0)- ethanol (1:1), and the extract was cleaned up on a Sep-pak Vac C18 cartridge after the addition of tetrabutylammonium bromide and phosphate buffer (pH 3.0). The recovery of the nine kinds of sweeteners from five kinds of foods fortified at the level 0.01 g/kg, 0.05 g/kg and 0.20 g/kg was 75.7-109.2%, and the between-day SD values were 0.5-10.9%. The quantification limits of AK, SA, CYC, APM and STV were 0.001 g/kg, and those of SUC, DU, GA and REB were 0.005 g/kg. A recovery test from each cleaned-up sample solution was necessary to detect ionization suppression.

Aspartame↗
PubMed2005

Two successful cases in the treatment of post-operative bronchial stump fistulae.

We report on two successful cases of managing lung resections that had been complicated by bronchial stump fistulae. In the first case, an endobronchial blocker tube was used to intubate the patient, in order to control inflammation in the event of aspiration pneumonia. This treatment improved the general condition, so we were able to perform a second operation to close the fistula safely. This attachment is very useful in serious cases, allowing intervention before a second operation. In the second case, a bronchial fistula recurred following a second operation, which then healed without surgical treatment. A minimal fistula may heal spontaneously when it is wrapped with an appropriate, vascularized, pedicle flap in advance, and adequate drainage is provided.

Bronchial Fistula↗
PubMed2004

Simultaneous detection of bovine arboviruses using single-tube multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

Single-tube multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) assay was developed to detect and identify arboviruses in infected cell-culture fluids and field specimens. The technique was equally sensitive for detecting five different viruses in cell cultures, namely the Chuzan, Ibaraki, and Bluetongue viruses belonging to Orbivirus, and the Akabane virus and Peaton virus belonging to Orthobunyavirus, and was less sensitive than former viruses for detecting Aino virus belonging to Orthobunyavirus. The mRT-PCR reliably detected 0.6-10(3.1) median tissue culture infective doses. The mRT-PCR readily identified viruses by discriminating the size of their amplified gene products. The technique was as sensitive as virus isolation in detecting single infected plasma in five plasmas from sentinel cattle and in detecting two infectious homogenates in eight homogenates of Culicoides biting midges. The mRT-PCR may be a sensitive and rapid assay for surveillance of bovine arboviruses in field specimens.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Up-to-dating of complete sequenced DNA data of Hansenula wingei yeast mitochondria.

To update sequenced data, we determined the 5' and 3' termini of yeast Hansenula wingei (Pichia canadensis) mitochondrial (mt) large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU) which is encoded in the mt genome. The 5' end position was mapped downstream from a putative transcription starting site which is homologous to a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial promoter sequence. This suggests that the primary transcript of LSU is processed from 5' end and then mature transcript is formed. This processing is different from that of S. cerevisiae mt LSU in which processing on its 5' end does not occur. Based on the sequence data of H. wingei mt LSU, we constructed its secondary structure, and compared it with those of the other fungal organisms. Conserved regions of H. wingei LSU were identified and used for subsequent phylogenetic analysis. In genome structure and gene content, H. wingei mt genome has several characteristics similar to those in filamentous fungi, but the phylogenetic analysis indicates closer kinship to yeast S. cerevisiae. This agrees with previous non-sequencing phylogenies and suggests that extraordinary rearrangements have occurred in yeast mt genomes during divergent evolution.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2004

Structural requirements of signal peptide in insect cell.

In order to increase the proteinic secretion quantity of production in insect cell, the N-terminal and the hydrophobic core region of the chicken lysozyme signal peptide (CLSP) was altered. A hybrid gene composed of CLSP gene and human lysozyme (HLY) gene from short DNA oligomers was used for the production of recombinant HLY in insect cell using vacuole virus expression system. In contrast with the results in yeast, the introduction of basic residues in the N-terminal region did not make the amount of secretion increase in insect cell. On the other hand, when the sequence of CLSP was changed into Leu-rich type, the amount of HLY secretion increased sharply. Although they are eukaryotes, the structural requirements of signal peptides may have some differences in yeast and insect cell.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of the antibodies specific to akabane virus.

A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA) using neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against Akabane virus (AKAV) was developed to detect antibodies to AKAV in cattle sera. The performance of the test using 7 different competitor MAbs was evaluated in sequential serum samples and sera from cattle infected with various bovine arboviruses. The dynamics of the antibody response expressed by percentage of inhibition (PI) in C-ELISA coincided with those of neutralizing antibody titers in sequential serum samples from 2 cattle experimentally infected with AKAV. The value of PI in C-ELISA for convalescent sera from cattle infected with arboviruses correlated with the neutralizing antibody titer to AKAV but was unaffected by the antibodies to other arboviruses. In the validation experiment of C-ELISA using 286 bovine sera previously examined for the AKAV antibody by serum neutralization (SN) test, the relative specificity of C-ELISA was more than 98%, whereas the relative sensitivities of individual MAbs ranged from 49% to 82.2%. Overall agreement between C-ELISA and the SN test varied from 72% to 90% depending on the MAb. These results suggest that the C-ELISA is acceptable as a rapid and specific method for detecting antibodies to AKAV and is a potential alternative to the SN test.

Animals↗